Ì«×ÓүС˵Íø > Éç¿Æµç×ÓÊé > ÎÒÔÚÃÀÁª´¢¼à¹ÜÒøÐÐ >

µÚ14½Ú

ÎÒÔÚÃÀÁª´¢¼à¹ÜÒøÐÐ-µÚ14½Ú

С˵£º ÎÒÔÚÃÀÁª´¢¼à¹ÜÒøÐÐ ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡



¡¡¡¡»¨Æ켯ÍŵÄÉóÅúÒ²ÕýºÃÂäÈëÃÀÁª´¢ÊÖÖУ¬ËùÒÔ£¬µÃµ½Ë³ÀûÅú×¼Ò²ÊÇÔ¤ÁÏÖ®Öеġ£¸ñÁÖ˹ÅËÔÚ¹ú»áÌýÖ¤»áÉ϶à´ÎΪ»¨Æì¾ÝÀíÁ¦Õù£¬Îª´óһͳµÄ½ðÈÚ¼¯Íŵĵ®ÉúÃùÂàºÈ²Ê£¬Æðµ½Ï൱ȨÍþ¡¢ÐÅ·þµÄ×÷Óá£×îºó£¬¹ú»áÐ޸ķ¨°¸È«ÅÌÍÆ·­¡¶¸ñÀ­Ë¹¡­Ë¹µÙ¸ç¶û·¨¡·£¬Îª»¨Æ켯ÍŵÄÉú´æºÍ·¢Õ¹ÆÌƽµÀ·¡£
¡¡¡¡3¡£¡¡Å¦Ô¼Áª´¢ÉóÅú»¨Æ켯Íŵĺϲ¢
ÃÀÁª´¢ÓëOCCµÄÕù¶·
¡¡¡¡ÎªÊ²Ã´»¨Æ켯Íŵĺϲ¢×îºóÂ䵽ŦԼÁª´¢ÊÖÉÏÀ´ÉóÅú£¬Õâͬ1956Äê¹ú»áͨ¹ýµÄ¡¶ÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾·¨¡·£¨Bank¡¡Holding¡¡pany¡¡Act£©Óйأ¨¸Ã·¨°¸µÄ±³¾°×ÊÁϲμû±¾ÕÂÏÂÒ»½Ú£©¡£¡¶ÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾·¨¡·Ö¸¶¨ÁËÃÀÁª´¢¶ÔÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾Óмà¹ÜȨ£¬¶ÔÆ乺Âò¡¢¼æ²¢¡¢¸Ä±ä¿ØÖƽṹµÈÓÐÉóÅúȨ¡£»¨Æ켯Íŵĺϲ¢×é³ÉÁËÒ»¸öÓµÓл¨ÆìÒøÐеÄÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾£¬°´ÕâÌõ·¨°¸½âÊÍ£¬ÃÀÁª´¢ÓµÓÐÉóÅúȨ£»¶ø»¨Æ켯ÍÅÓÖÊÇÔÚŦԼע²áµÄ£¬×ܲ¿ÉèÔÚŦԼ£¬×îºóµÄÉóÅúÈÎÎñ×ÔÈ»Âäµ½ÁËŦԼÁª´¢Í·ÉÏ¡£
¡¡¡¡µ«Õâ¸ö°²ÅÅÓÖ´¥¶¯ÁËÃÀÁª´¢µÄ³¤ÆÚ¶ÔÊÖ¡¡OCCµÄÉñ¾­¡£OCCÊÇÃÀ¹úÁíÒ»´óÉÌÒµÒøÐеļà¹Ü»ú¹¹£¬×¨ÃŸºÔðÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐеļà¹Ü£¬±ÈÃÀÁª´¢ÀúÊ·»¹Óƾ᣻¨ÆìÒøÐÐÊÇÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐУ¬ÊôÓÚOCCµÄ¹ÜϽÊÆÁ¦·¶Î§Ö®ÄÚ£¬ÊÇÆ䡨ÕÆÉÏÃ÷Ö顨¡£Õâ´Î»¨Æ켯Íźϲ¢£¬OCC×ÔȻϣÍû×Ô¼ºÊÇÖ÷¹Ü£¬Óз¢ÑÔȨ¡¢¾ö²ßȨ£¬ÆñÁÏÕâÖØÒª²îʹÓÖÈÃÃÀÁª´¢ºáµ¶¶á°®£¬ÊµÄËÒå·ßÌîâߣ¬ÐIJ»¸Ê¡¢Çé²»Ô¸¡£
¡¡¡¡×ݹÛOCCÓëÃÀÁª´¢ÁùÆßÊ®ÄêÀ´Õù¶áÒøÐмà¹ÜµÄÁúÍ·ÀÏ´óµØ룬OCCËƺõ×ÜÊÇ»úÓö²»Ë³£¬ÂÅÂŰܱ±¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔçÔÚ150ÄêÇ°£¬ÃÀ¹úµ±Ê±Ö»ÓÐÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐУ¨state¡­chartered¡¡banks£©£¬°´ÕÕÖÝÕþ¸®µÄ·¨ÂÉÀ´×¢²á£¬ÊôÖÝÕþ¸®ÒøÐÐÌü£¨state¡¡banking¡¡department£¬SBD£©¹ÜϽ¡£µ½ÁË1863Ä꣬ΪÁ˳ï´ëÄϱ±Õ½Õù×ʽ𣬹ú»áͨ¹ýÁË¡¶¹úÃñÒøÐз¨¡·£¨National¡¡Banking¡¡Act£©£¬Åú×¼½¨Á¢ÁËÒ»ÅúÔÚÁª°î×¢²áµÄÈ«¹úÐÔÒøÐУ¬³ÆΪÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐУ¨federal¡­chartered¡¡banks£©»ò¹úÃñÒøÐУ¨national¡¡bank£©£¬À´¶ÔÓ¦ÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐС£¡¶¹úÃñÒøÐз¨¡·Êµ¼ÊÉϽ¨Á¢ÁËÃÀ¹úË«ÖصÄÒøÐÐÌåϵ£¨dual¡¡banking¡¡system£©¡£
¡¶¹úÃñÒøÐз¨¡·ÔÊÐíÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐиù¾ÝËù³ÖÓеĹúÕ®Êý¶îÀ´·¢ÐÐÈ«¹ú»õ±Ò£¬ÒÔ´ËÀ´ÍÆÏúÕ½Õù¹úÕ®¡£Í¬Ê±£¬ÉèÁ¢OCC£¬´ÓÊôÁª°îÕþ¸®²ÆÕþ²¿£¬À´¹ÜϽÕâÀàÒøÐС£µ«Áª°î×¢²áÒøÐÐϵͳµÄ½¨Á¢ºÍOCCµÄÉèÖ㬲¢Ã»Óнâ¾öÃÀ¹ú´ËÆð±Ë·üµÄ¾­¼ÃΣ»úºÍÒøÐе¹±Õ£¬Áª°î×¢²áÒøÐÐÖ»Êdzе£ÁËijÏîÌرðÖ°ÔðµÄÉÌÒµÒøÐУ¬²»Äܽâ¾öÓÉÓÚ´óÖÚ¶ÔÒøÐÐʧȥÐÅÐĶøÕùÏÈ¿Öºó¼·¶ÒÏÖ½ðËùµ¼ÖµÄÁ÷¶¯ÐÔΣ»ú£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬²»Äܳе£¡¨Îȶ¨¾üÐÄ¡¨µÄ×îºó´û¿îÈË£¨lender¡¡of¡¡last¡¡resort£©½ÇÉ«¡£ËùÒÔ£¬ÃÀ¹ú¹ú»áÔÚ¼¸´Î³¢ÊÔʧ°Üºó£¬ÖÕÓÚÓÚ1913Äêµ®ÉúÁË¡¶Áª°î´¢±¸·¨¡·£¨Federal¡¡Reserve¡¡Act£©£¬ÊÚȨÃÀÁª´¢×îºó´û¿îÈ˵ĽÇÉ«£¬ËùÓÐÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐкʹó¶àÊýÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐж¼³ÉΪÃÀÁª´¢»áÔ±ÒøÐУ¬ÔÚÃÀÁª´¢ÄÇÀï´¢±¸×ã¹»µÄ×ʽð£¬ÒÔ±¸²»Ê±Ö®Ðè¡£ÃÀÁª´¢Ò²¹ÊÆäÃûÔ»£ºÁª°î´¢±¸ÒøÐС£OCC¼ÌÐø¸ºÔð¶ÔÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐнøÐмà¹Ü¼ì²é£¬µ«ÃÀÁª´¢ºÍÖÝÕþ¸®ÒøÐÐÌü¸ºÔð¶ÔÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐнøÐмà¹Ü¼ì²é¡£OCC´ÓÊôÓÚÃÀ¹úµÄÐÐÕþ²¿ÃÅ¡¡Õþ¸®£¬¶øÃÀÁª´¢´ÓÊôÓÚÃÀ¹úµÄÖ´·¨²¿ÃÅ¡¡¹ú»á£¨ÃÀÁª´¢ºóÀ´Ñݱä³ÉÃÀ¹úµÄÖÐÑëÒøÐУ¬ÉõÖÁ³¬³öÒ»°ãÖÐÑëÒøÐеÄְȨ·¶³ë£¬±¾Ê鸽¼A¶ÔÃÀÁª´¢µÄÀúÊ·¡¢Ö°Ô𡢽ṹµÈÓÐÏêϸÃèÊö£©¡£
¡¡¡¡OCCÓëÃÀÁª´¢Õù¶·µÄµÚÒ»»ØºÏ·¢ÉúÔÚ20ÊÀ¼Í30Äê´ú£¬µ±Ê±¾­¼ÃÏôÌõ£¬ÒøÐÐûÂ䣬Áª´¢ÔÚʵʩ·Å¿í»õ±ÒÕþ²ß£¬¶øOCCÈ´ÔÚÊÕ½ôÒøÐÐ×ʽð£¬ÃüÁîÒøÐжÔ×ʲú·ÖÃűðÀà¡¢Ôö¼Ó´¢±¸£¬´Ó¶øÔì³ÉÁ½ÕßÕþ²ßÉϵijåÍ»¡£Áª´¢Ö÷ϯÔøÒªÇó¹ú»áÈ¡ÏûOCC£¬½«ËüµÄÒøÐÐÉóÅú¼à¹ÜȨתÒƸøÃÀÁª´¢¡£µ±Ê±ÃÀÁª´¢¼ì²éÒøÐеÄְȨºÜÓÐÏÞ£¬½öÄܲ鿴¼¸¸ö²¿·Ö£¬¸ü¶àÊÇÒÀÀµÓÚOCCºÍÖÝÕþ¸®ÒøÐÐÌüµÄ¼ì²é±¨¸æ¡£ºóÁ½ÕßÊDZ»ÕýʽÊÚÓèÒøÐмì²éÖ°ÔðµÄ¡£1956ÄêÒÔÇ°£¬ÃÀÁª´¢Ò²Ö»¶ÔijЩÓÐÎÊÌâµÄÒøÐнøÐÐÉîÈëµ÷²é£¬ÄÇЩÒøÐÐÐèÒªÏòÃÀÁª´¢µÄ¹«¿ªÌùÏÖ´°¿Ú½èÇ®£¬ÃÀÁª´¢±ØÐëÒªºËʵËüÃǵĵÖѺÓзñË®·Ö¡£
¡¡¡¡1956Ä꣬¡¶ÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾·¨¡·³öÁý¡£µ±Ê±£¬ºÜ¶àÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾·×·×³ÉÁ¢£¬Ï£Íûͨ¹ý¸ÄÍ·»»ÃæµÄÐÂÃû³ÆÀ´¡¨Î¥·¨ÂҼ͡¨¡¡ÔÚÒ»¸ö¿Ø¹É¹«Ë¾µÄÃûÏ£¬ÉèÁ¢¶à¸öÒøÐУ¬¿çÖݾ­Óª£¬²¢½¨Á¢·ÇÒøÐеĽðÈÚ×Ó¹«Ë¾¡£¡¶ÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾·¨¡·ÖØÉ꡶¸ñÀ­Ë¹¡­Ë¹µÙ¸ç¶û·¨¡·¶ÔÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾µÄÊÊÓÃÐÔ£¬²¢ÊÚȨÃÀÁª´¢¼à¹ÜÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾¡£ÊÚȨÃÀÁª´¢£¬ÊÇ»ùÓڿعɹ«Ë¾¿ÉÒÔÓµÓÐÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐкÍÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐеĿ¼ÂÇ£¬¶øÖ»ÓÐÃÀÁª´¢¶ÔÕâÁ½ÀàÒøÐÐͬʱӵÓйÜϽȨ¡£µ±Ê±£¬FEDºÍOCC¹Øϵ»¹ºÍÄÀ£¬Á½ÕßÉõÖÁÄãÍÆÎÒÈã¬Ï£Íû¶Ô·½³Ðµ£´Ë¼à¹ÜÈÎÎñ¡£
¡¡¡¡µ½ÁË20ÊÀ¼Í60Äê´ú£¬Ã¬¶Ü¿ªÊ¼¼¤»¯£¬²¢Ò»·¢²»¿ÉÊÕÊ°¡£OCCµ±Ê±µÄ×ܼ࣬µ¥·½Ãæ¸Ä±ä¶¨Ò壬·Å¿í¶ÔÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐеĺܶàÕþ²ßÏÞÖÆ£ºÖîÈç½µµÍ´û¿îÏÞÖƶÔÊÐíÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐпÉÒÔÓµÓйÉƱ£¬¿ÉÒÔ¿ª°ì±£ÏÕ¹«Ë¾¡¢ÈÚ×ʹ«Ë¾¡¢ÂÃÐÐÉç¡¢¼ÆËã»ú·þÎñ¹«Ë¾µÈ£»¹ú»áÒªÇóÒøÐн«²ÆÎñ×´¿öÏò´óÖÚ¹«¿ª£¬OCCÓÖΪÆäÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐÐÉè¼ÆÁËÏà¶Ô¼òµ¥µÄ±¨±í¡£ËùÓÐÕâЩ£¬µ¼ÖÂÐí¶àÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐмûÓмà¹Ü¿Õ϶¿É×꣬±ã¸ÄÏÒÒ×ÕÞ£¬×ªÎªÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐС£ÕâÆäÖаüÀ¨Áª´¢µÄÍõÅÆÒøÐС¡Å¦Ô¼µÄ´óͨÂü¹þ¶ÙÒøÐУ¬Öв¿µÄMercantile¡¡BankºÍÎ÷²¿¼ÓÖݵĸ»¹úÒøÐУ¨Wells¡¡Fargo£©µÈ£¨´óͨºóÀ´ÔÚͬ»¯Ñ§ÒøÐкϲ¢µÄʱºò£¬ÓÖת»ØÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐÐÁË£©¡£Õâ×ÔÈ»ÈÃÃÀÁª´¢Å­²»¿É¶ô£¬Ò»Ö½Ëß×´¸æÉÏ·¨Í¥£¬¿Ø¸æOCCµÄÎ¥·¨£¬OCC»ù±¾É϶¼°ÜËß¡£´Ó´Ë£¬Á½ÕßÓÉ¡¨ÈËÃñÄÚ²¿Ã¬¶Ü¡¨×ªÏò¡¨µÐÎÒì¶Ü¡¨£¬¿ªÊ¼ÁËÕë·æÏà¶Ô¡¢½£°ÎåóÕŵij־ÃÕ½¡£
¡¡¡¡1970Ä꣬¡¶ÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾·¨²¹³ä°¸¡·¹«²¼£¬ÓÖÊÚȨÃÀÁª´¢¶Ôµ¥Ò»ÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾µÄ¼à¹ÜȨ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬1956ÄêµÄ¡¶ÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾·¨¡·ºÍ´Ë¼äµÄ¡¶²¹³ä°¸¡·£¨±¾ÕµÚËĽÚÓжÔÕâÁ½´ó·¨°¸½ÏÏêϸµÄ×¢ÊÍ£©£¬µì¶¨ÁËÃÀÁª´¢³ÉΪÒøÐмà¹ÜÖØÒªÒ»Ô±µÄµØλ¡£
¡¡¡¡1991µÄ¡¶Íâ¹úÒøÐмà¹Ü´Ù½ø·¨¡·£¬ÓÖ½øÒ»²½À©³äÁËÃÀÁª´¢ÒøÐмà¹ÜµÄÊÆÁ¦·¶Î§¡£¸Ã·¨°¸¹æ¶¨£º¶ÔÓÚÍâ¹úÒøÐÐÔÚÃÀ¹úµÄ·ÖÐлò°ìÊ´¦£¬¸ù¾ÝËüÃÇ×¢²áµÄÐÔÖÊ£¬¼´Áª°î×¢²á»òÖÝ×¢²á£¬¶ø·ÖÊôOCC»òÃÀÁª´¢¹ÜϽ¡£µ«ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬90£¥ÒÔÉϵÄÍâ¹úÒøÐзÖÐкͰìÊ´¦¶¼ÊÇÔÚÖÝÀï×¢²áµÄ£¬ÊôÓÚÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐУ¬ËùÒÔ£¬ÃÀÁª´¢ÆìÏ£¬Ò»ÏÂ×Ó¾çÔöÁËÐí¶à¼à¹Ü¶ÔÏ󣬷ÇOCC¿É¼°¡£ÃÀÁª´¢Ò²Ó¦½Ó²»Ï¾£¬Ã¦²»µüµØ´ÓÉÌÒµ½çÕÐļÁË´óÅú¼ì²éÔ±£¬À´Íê³É¼ì²éÈÎÎñ¡£ÔÚÄǸö¶¦Ê¢Ê±ÆÚ£¬Å¦Ô¼Áª´¢ÓÐ600¶àλ¼ì²éÔ±¡£
OCC¾­³£Ç¿µ÷×Ô¼ºÊÇÃÀ¹ú×î´óµÄÒøÐмà¹Ü½á¹¹£¬¹ÜϽ×ÅÃÀ¹úÉÌÒµÒøÐг¬¹ý67£¥µÄ×ʲú¡£µ«ÕâÀïÃæµÄË®·ÖÊÇ£ºÈç¹û½ö´ÓÉÌÒµÒøÐеÄ×ʲú½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬OCCȷʵÂÔʤһ³ï¡£µ«´ÓÒøÐеÄÊýÄ¿½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬ÃÀÁª´¢¹ÜϽ×Å73£¥µÄÒøÐУ¬ÓÖÕ¼ÓÐÓÅÊÆ£»ÔÚ¹ýÈ¥µÄÊ®¶àÄêÀ³¬¹ý70£¥µÄÐÂÒøÐÐÔÚ×¢²áʱѡÔñÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐУ¬¶ø²»ÊÇÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐС£»¹ÓкöÂÔÁ˵ÄÒ»µãÊÇ£º³ý´ËÖ®Í⣬ÃÀÁª´¢»¹¹ÜϽמø´ó¶àÊýµÄÍâ¹úÒøÐÐÔÚÃÀ¹úµÄ¾­ÓªºÍ×ʲú£¬ÔÚ½ðÈÚÈÕÒæ¹ú¼Ê»¯µÄ½ñÌ죬ÕâÒâζ×ÅÃÀÁª´¢ÄÜÉîÈëµ½¹ú¼Ê´óÒøÐеÄÄÚ²¿£¬È¥¼à¹Ü¡¢²éѯ¡¢ºËʵ£¬È¥ÕÆÎÕµÚÒ»ÊÖÐÅÏ¢ºÍ×ÊÁÏ£¬È¥·¢»ÓÓ°ÏìÁ¦ºÍÕðÉåÁ¦£¬ÕâÊÇÒ»´ó²»¿ÉµÍ¹ÀµÄÖ°ÄܺÍȨÁ¦£¬ÊÇOCCÍû³¾Äª¼°µÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡Ôø¼¸ºÎʱ£¬ÉÌÒµÒøÐÐÔÚ½ðÈÚ½ç¶ÀÕ¼÷¡Í·¡£Ô¶µÄ²»Ëµ£¬¼´±ãÔÚ20ÊÀ¼Í50Äê´ú£¬È«¹ú3/5µÄÉÌÒµÆóÒµÈÚ×ÊÊÇͨ¹ýÉÌÒµÒøÐÐÀ´Íê³ÉµÄ¡£¹ÜסÁËÉÌÒµÒøÐУ¬¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚ¹ÜסÁ˽ðÈÚÒµ¡¢¡¨Ç£×¡ÁËÂí±Ç×Ó¡¨¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬¡¨ÇàɽÕÚ²»×¡£¬±Ï¾¹¶«Á÷È¥¡¨£¬ÉÌÒµÒøÐеİÔÖ÷µØλÈÕÇ÷ûÂ䣬ÖØÒªÐÔÈÕÒæϽµ¡£ÏÖÔÚ£¬Ö»Óв»µ½1/5µÄÈÚ×ÊÀ´Ô´ÓÚÉÌÒµÒøÐУ¬ÆäËû½ðÈÚ»ú¹¹·çÆðÔÆÓ¿£¬²»¶Ï¹Ï·ÖºÍ²ÏʳÉÌÒµÒøÐеġ¨·çË®±¦µØ¡¨¡£ËùÒÔ£¬Ò»¸ö¼à¹Ü»ú¹¹µÄÖØÒªÐÔ£¬ÒѾ­²»ÄÜÓÃÆäËù¹ÜϽµÄÉÌÒµÒøÐÐÀ´ºâÁ¿ÁË¡£ÔÚ½ðÈÚÒ»Ì廯µÄ½ñÌ죬ÒøÐмà¹ÜÒѾ­±ä³É½ðÈÚ¼à¹Ü£¬È«ÃæϵͳµØÕÆÎÕ½ðÈÚµÄÄÚÔÚÁªÏµºÍ·¢Õ¹·½Ïò£¬ÒÑÊÇʱ´úÖ®±ØÈ»£¬¹Ø¼üÖ®ËùÔÚ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬Ë­¶Ô½ðÈÚϵͳµÄÉæÈëÃæÔ½¹ã£¬ÈÏÖªÔ½Éî¿Ì£¬Á˽âԽ͸³¹£¬¸ÉÔ¤ºÍÓ°ÏìÁ¦Ô½´ó£¬Ë­¾ÍÔ½Óз¢ÑÔȨ£¬Ô½ÌåÏÖÆäÖØÒªÐÔ¡£
¡¡¡¡µ½ÁË1999Ä꣬¹ú»áͨ¹ýÁË¡¶½ðÈÚ·þÎñÏÖ´ú»¯·¨¡·£¬·çÏò¸üÊÇÒ»±ßµ¹ÏòÃÀÁª´¢¡£Õë¶Ô»¨Æ켯ÍÅÕâÀà»ù±¾ÉÏÄÒÀ¨ËùÓнðÈÚ»ú¹¹µÄÒøÐм¯ÍÅ£¬¹ú»áÊÚÓèÃÀÁª´¢×ܼà¹ÜµÄÖ°ÄÜ£¬ËùνµÄÉ¡Ðͼà¹Ü»ú¹¹£¨umbrella¡¡supervisor£©£»¶øÊÚÓèËùÓÐÆäËû¼à¹Ü»ú¹¹¹¦Äܼà¹Ü»ú¹¹£¨functional¡¡supervisor£©µÄ³ÆºÅ£¬¼´ÔÚÉ¡Ðͼà¹Ü»ú¹¹µÄ×ܵ÷¶ÈÏ£¬·¢»ÓijÏîÌرðÖ°ÄÜ¡£ÑÔÏÂÖ®Ò⣬ÔÚÉó²éÖîÈ绨ÆìÕâÀà½ðÈڿعɹ«Ë¾µÄ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÃÀÁª´¢³ÉΪ¡¨Ö´Å£¶úÕß¡¨£¬¶øOCC±ä³ÉËüÊÖÏÂÒ»Ô±£¬ÌýÃüÓÚÃÀÁª´¢µ÷Dz¡£OCC²»µ«Ê§È¥¶Ô»¨ÆìÒøÐТ¶ÏµÄ¼à¹ÜȨÁ¦£¬»¹Ò»ÂäǧÕÉ£¬Ê§È¥ÓëÃÀÁª´¢Æ½Æðƽ×øµÄ¼à¹ÜµØλ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÖÁ´Ë£¬ÃÀÁª´¢Í»ÆÆÁË´«Í³µÄÉÌÒµÒøÐмà¹ÜµÄÖ°Äܺͷ¶Î§£¬Íê³ÉÁË´ÓÒøÐмà¹Üµ½½ðÈÚ¼à¹ÜµÄ¿çÔ½£¬³ÉΪÄÜͬʱֱ½Ó»ò¼ä½Ó¼à¹ÜÒøÐС¢Ö¤È¯¡¢±£ÏÕ¡¢×ʲú¹ÜÀí¡¢Ïû·ÑÕßÐÅ´ûµÈÐÐÒµµÄΨһһ¼Ò¼à¹Ü»ú¹¹£¬¼¯ËùÓÐÕâЩÐÐÒµµÄÐÅÏ¢×ÊÁÏΪһÌ壬½øÐÐͳһ¡¢ÏµÍ³¡¢×ۺϵĽðÈÚ¹ÜÀí¡£ÔÙ¼ÓÉÏÃÀÁª´¢Ô­ÓеÄÖƶ¨ÖÐÑëÒøÐлõ±ÒÕþ²ßµÄ¾Ù×ãÇáÖصĵØ룬ºÍÖ§¸¶¡¢ÇåËã½ðÈÚ·þÎñµÄ¼áÇ¿ºó¶Ü£¬ÃÀÁª´¢³ÉΪȨÇãһʱµÄ¡¨½ðÈÚµÛ¹ú¡¨£¡ÔÚÆäËû¹ú¼ÒµÄÖÐÑëÒøÐУ¬ÖîÈçÓ¢¹úºÍÈÕ±¾£¬·×·×±»Ï÷Ȩ·Ö¸î¡¢²ðÉ¢»õ±ÒÕþ²ßºÍ¼à¹ÜÖ°ÄܵÄͬʱ£¬ÃÀÁª´¢È´ÕôÕôÈÕÉÏ¡¢ÐÀÐÀÏòÈÙ£¬²»¶ÏÀ©ÕÅÊÆÁ¦·¶Î§£¬´¥½ÇÉìÏò¸÷´óÁìÓò¡£ÕýÊÇ¡¨Êý·çÁ÷ÈËÎ»¹¿´ÃÀÁª´¢¡¨£¡
¡¡¡¡ÃÀÁª´¢ÔÚͬOCCÕù¶·µÄ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÓÐÁ½´óÓÅÊƲ»¿ÉºöÊÓ¡£Ò»ÊÇÃÀÁª´¢²ÆÕþÉϵĴ´ÂÓÐÓ࣬²Æ´óÆø´Ö¡£¿¿×ÅÓµÓеľ޶îÕþ¸®Õ®È¯£¬¿¿×ÅÖ§¸¶×ªÕ˵ĽáËã·þÎñ£¬ÃÀÁª´¢Ã¿Äê×øÏíÆä³É·áºñµÄÀûÈó¡£²»µ«×Ô¸ºÓ¯¿÷£¬»¹ÉϽ»²ÆÕþ²¿ºÍ¹ú»á¡£1997Ä꣬ÃÀÁª´¢Ïò²ÆÕþ²¿ÉϽ»1¡£06ÒÚÃÀÔª£»1998Ä꣬ÓÖÉϽ»1¡£07ÒÚÃÀÔª¡£2000Ä꣬¹ú»áÓÖÉìÊÖÍÚÈ¥35ÒÚÃÀÔª£¬ÒÔ²¹³äÉç»á±£ÕÏ»ù½ðµÄ¿Õȱ¡£ÕâÖÖ¡¨Ñü²øÒڹᡨ£¬Ê¹Ëü¿ÉÒÔ¡¨ºÀˬ¡¨µØΪϽÄÚÒøÐÐÌṩÃâ·ÑµÄ¼ì²é¡¨·þÎñ¡¨£¬·ÖÎIJ»È¡¡£Ïà±È֮ϣ¬OCCÏÔµÃ×½½ó¼ûÖ⣬ËüµÄÔ¤ËãÿÄêÐèҪͨ¹ý²ÆÕþ²¿ÉóÅú£¬Ëü95£¥ÒÔÉϵÄÊÕÈëÊÇÏòϽÄÚÒøÐÐÕ÷ÊÕ¼ì²é·Ñ£»½öÃÀÖÞÒøÐÐ2001Äê¾ÍÏòOCC¡¨½ø¹±¡¨4000ÍòÃÀÔª£¬Õ¼OCCµ±ÄêÔ¤ËãµÄ10£¥¡£¾ÍΪÕâµã£¬Ðí¶àÐÂÒøÐÐ×¢²áʱ£¬Ñ¡ÔñÖÝ×¢²áÒøÐС£Ò²ÒòΪÕâµã£¬OCC¾­³£±»Ö¸ÔðΪÓÐÀûº¦³åÍ»£¬¡¨³ÔÁË×ìÈí£¬ÄÃÁËÊֶ̡¨£¬ÄÃÁ˱»¼à¹ÜÒøÐеÄǮȥ¼à¹ÜËüÃÇ£¬ÊÇ·ñ»á±ü¹«Ö´·¨£¬¹«Õý°ìÊ£¿ÁíÍ⣬OCCÊôÓÚÕþ¸®»ú¹¹£¬ÊÇÐÐÕþ»ú¹ØµÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬ÈÝÒ×Êܵ½Õþ¸®ËÄÄê¡¢×î¶à°ËÄê»»½ìµÄÕþÖÎÆøºòÓ°Ï죻¶øÃÀÁª´¢ÊÇÓɹú»áÊÚȨµÄ£¬ÃÀÁª´¢Ö÷ϯµÄÈÎÃü³¤´ï14Ä꣬Ïà¶ÔÀ´Ëµ£¬½ÏÓÐÕþ²ßµÄÎȶ¨ÐԺͶÀÁ¢ÐÔ¡£
ÒøÐв¢¹ºµÄÉóÅú¹ý³Ì
¡¡¡¡ÒøÐлòÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾ÈôÏ£Íû¼æ²¢»òÊÕ¹º£¬»ò×é³ÉÒ»¸öеÄÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾£¬»òÊÕ¹º¸ü¶àÒøÐС¢·ÇÒøÐлú¹¹£¬ÐèÒªµÃµ½ËùÉæ¼°¸÷¸ö»ú¹¹µÄ¼à¹Ü²¿ÃÅÅú×¼£¬°üÀ¨Áª°î¼à¹Ü²¿ÃÅ£¨ÃÀÁª´¢¡¡Õë¶ÔÖÝ×¢²áµÄÁª´¢»áÔ±ÒøÐкÍÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾£»OCC¡¡Õë¶ÔÁª°î×¢²áÒøÐУ»FDIC¡¡Õë¶ÔÖÝ×¢²áµÄ·ÇÁª´¢»áÔ±ÒøÐУ»Office¡¡of¡¡Thrift¡¡Supervision¡¡Õë¶Ô´óÅú´¢ÐîÐÅÓûú¹¹£©£¬ËùÔÚÖݵÄÖÝÕþ¸®ÒøÐÐÌü£¨Èç¹ûÒøÐÐÊÇÔÚ¸ÃÖÝ×¢²áµÄ»°£©£¬ËùÔÚÖݵÄÖÝÕþ¸®±£ÏÕ¼à¹Ü²¿ÃÅ£¨Èç¹ûºÏ²¢Ç£³¶µ½±£ÏÕÒµÎñ£©£¬Ö¤È¯½»Ò×¹ÜÀíίԱ»á£¨Èç¹ûºÏ²¢Ç£³¶µ½¹ÉƱµÄÊÕ¹º»ò½»»»£©¡£
¡¡¡¡ºÏ²¢µÄÉóÅú½á¹¹Ò²µÃ¸ù¾ÝºÏ²¢µÄÐÔÖÊÀ´¶¨¡£Èç¹ûÊÇÁ½¸ö¼°ÒÔÉÏÒøÐкϲ¢£¬ÐèÒªµÃµ½ÊÕ¹ºÒøÐеÄÖ÷Òª¼à¹Ü»ú¹¹Åú×¼£»Èç¹û¸öÈË»òÍÅÌåÏ£Íû¹ºÂòÒ»¸öÒøÐУ¬ÐèÒª¸ÃÒøÐеÄÖ÷Òª¼à¹Ü»ú¹¹Åú×¼£»Èç¹ûÒ»¸ö¹«Ë¾ÏëÊÕ¹ºÒøÐС¢ÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾£¬»ò×é³ÉеÄÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾£¬Õâ¾ÍÐèÒªÃÀÁª´¢ÉóÅú£¬Í¬Ê±»áÕ÷ÇóÇ£³¶µ½µÄÒøÐеÄÖ÷Òª¼à¹Ü»ú¹¹µÄÒâ¼û¡£ÕâЩÉóÅú»ú¹ØºÍ¹ý³Ì¶¼Óз¨ÂÉÒÀ¾Ý¿ÉÑ­£¬Ã÷ÎĹ涨˭ΪÖ÷¡¢Ë­Îª¸¨£¬Í¬Ê±»¹¸½¼Óʱ¼äÏÞÖÆ£¬ÔðÁî¼à¹Ü²¿ÃÅÔÚÒ»¶¨Ê±ÏÞÄÚ¸øÓè´ð¸´¡£»¨Æ켯ÍÅÊÇÓÉÒ»¹«Ë¾·¨ÈË£¨ÂÃÐÐÕß¼¯ÍÅ£©¼æ²¢ÒÔ»¨ÆìÒøÐÐΪÖ÷µÄ»¨Æ칫˾£¬×é³ÉÒøÐпعɹ«Ë¾£¬·ûºÏÉÏÊöµÚÈýÌõ£¬ËùÒÔÉóÅúÊÇÓÉÃÀÁª´¢Ö÷³Ö£¬Í¬Ê±»áÕ÷Çó»¨ÆìÒøÐеÄÖ÷Òª¼à¹Ü»ú¹¹OCCµÄÒâ¼û¡£
¡¡¡¡ºÏ²¢ÉêÇë²¢²»Ò»¶¨Ò»·«·ç˳£¬¹«Ë¾µÄ¾­Óª¹ÜÀí¡¢°²È«ÓÐЧÐÔ¡¢×ʱ¾×´¿ö¡¢ÉçÇø·´À¡Çé¿ö£¬ÒÔ¼°ºÏ²¢¶ÔÊг¡¾ºÕùµÄÓ°Ï춼ÊÇ¿¼ÂǵÄÒªËØ¡£Èç¹û·¢ÏÖÓТ¶ÏÏÖÏ󣬻ò·Á°­¾ºÕù¡¢ÒøÐо­Óª²»ÉÆ¡¢µØÇø·´À¡Í¶×ʲ»¹»µÈ£¬¶¼¿ÉÒÔ×÷ΪÉêÇë±»¾Ü¾øµÄÀíÓÉ¡£Ò»¸ö¹«Ë¾»ò¼¯ÍÅÈôÏëÍ̲¢Ò»¸öÒøÐУ¬µÃÒª³öʾ֤¾Ý£¬Ö¤Ã÷ËüÓгä×ã×ʱ¾£¬¾­ÓªÁ¼ºÃ£»»¹ÒªÓоßÌåÊý¾ÝÖ¤Ã÷ËüµÄ´¢ÐÖÐÂʲ»³¬¹ýÒ»¶¨±ÈÂÊ£¬ÒÔÃâ¹ý¶È¼¯ÖУ¬Ôì³É¢¶Ï¡£ÕâЩÊý¾Ý°üÀ¨µØÓòÐÔ¢¶ÏºÍ²úƷ¢¶Ï£¬ÖîÈ磬½ÓÊÜÖÝÄÚ´æ¿î¶î²»Äܳ¬¹ýÈ«Ö

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ