5202-考研英语考前30天狂背作文-第13节
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n their resumes but only seven are wanted by the pany as is written on a board beside the desk。
It is clear that the drawer wants to draw our attention to the difficulty that today’s university graduates are faced with in finding a job。 In fact； in many universities and colleges； the employment rate of graduates is lower than 50％ and much fewer can find a satisfactory job。 The reasons for this situation can be listed as follows。 In the first place； the enrolment expansion of universities and colleges has resulted in a great increase in the number of graduates every year； which has exceeded the increase in positions in the job market。 What makes things worse is that quite a lot of students like to choose those hot majors when they enter the university and to look for jobs in big developed cities when they graduate。 So it is even more difficult for them to find a suitable job。
From my point of view； the society and the graduates need to join their hands in the endeavor to solve this problem。 On the one hand； the society should continue to focus on economic development so as to provide bigger employment chances for the graduates。 On the other hand； the students should choose the majors that they are really interested in and well capable of and broaden their horizon when looking for jobs。 Only in this way can they gain larger space for their future career。
点评：
该文分为三段，第一段描述图画，第二段对此问题进行了小结，而后给出了原因。第三段提出了解决问题的办法。
第一段共用两句话，第一句是远景，第二句由远及近，展示了求职者之多与实际招聘人数之少。第二段共分六句话，前两句总结了大学毕业生就业难这一情况，第三句话是原因类的模板句。第四句话说扩招带来的影响。第五句话和第六句话说大学生选择热门的专业，使就业难的矛盾更加突出。第三段共分四句话，第一句话是总括句，说社会和毕业生应携起手来解决问题，而后分两句话分别说明。最后一句话是总结，使用了语气强烈的倒装句。
心得：
这是常考的模式，望大家用心学习。
Directions 4
Study the following table carefully and write an essay in which you should：
1。 describe the table；
2。 suggest possible solutions to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in China。
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2。
国家 大学年平均学费 国民人均年收入 比值
美国 4，700美元 35，000美元 1/8
英国 1，500英镑 15，000英镑 1/10
中国 7，500元 7，500元 1
审题：
在审题的环节中，我们应当将读图表（图画）和看提纲有机地结合起来。有的时候，提纲中会把文章的主题直接给出来，这时我们文章的整体布局就会容易得多。在这道题的提纲中，就出现了“中国大学学费负担沉重的问题”的字样，这就是该文的主题，我们的文章应该围绕它展开。
Sample：
From the above table we can see that in America and Britain the ratio of average annual tuition of universities to gross national ine per capita is about 1 to 10； but astonishingly that in China is 1。 That is to say； the burden of university tuition on Chinese families is nearly ten times heavier than that on American or British families。 As a matter of fact； most Chinese families feel it difficult to afford the high tuition of their children； and some absolutely cannot afford it； which has received more and more concern from all over the country。
In order to solve this problem； I strongly suggest the following solutions。 First and foremost； it is a must to reduce the cost of higher education。 We need to cut down the staff in universities； most of whom now have a disproportionately large number of administrators。 The now widespread corruption should also be eliminated in universities； such as unnecessary tours and banquets at public expense。 Moreover； much importance should be attached to the reform of management system of higher education。 The national government should not only increase financial investment in higher education but also optimize the distribution of such money。
To sum up； it is high time to pay enough attention to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in our country； and to solve it a prehensive educational reform is essential。
点评：
该文共分三段，第一段是描述表格，第二段是给出解决办法，第三段是总结。
第一段是对表格进行描述——这时我们不一定要把每个数据都描述出来，而是要抓住问题的关键。这个表格的关键就是体现我国大学学费太高，依据就是学费与国民人均年收入之比。美国与英国处于差不多的水平，所以放在一起说就可以了。该段共分三句话，第一句将比例描述出来，第二句作出比较——中国家庭负担的大学学费是英美国家的十倍之多。第三句进一步说明我国大部分家庭感觉负担较重，有些家庭根本就负担不起。
第二段提出解决办法，第一句是模板句，之后分两方面来说。第一方面说的是减少高等教育的成本，分为两个方面，一是减员增效，二是消除腐败。第二方面说的是高教管理体制的改革。国家应加强高等教育的投资，并合理配置这些资金。
最后一段是总结，说解决大学学费成为沉重负担问题正值其时，全面改革势在必行。
心得：
提纲中如果出现文章主题，一定要把握住，这直接决定了文章的谋篇布局。
描述图表时不一定要面面俱到，只要抓住重点即可。
写原因或解决办法的段落时条理一定要清楚，一般分为三点（也有两点或四点的情况），不一定是权威的解释，我们并非是专门研究该问题的专家，阅卷老师也不会太苛求，只要符合情理即可。关键是语言表达一定要准确，如果要拿高分就一定要有出彩的地方。
Directions 5
Study the following reportage carefully and write an essay in which you should：
1。 interpret the reportage；
2。 point out the reasons for the problem； and
3。 suggest possible ways to solve the problem。
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2。
题目：
本报记者报道自20世纪70年代末以来，中国的离婚率持续上升。离婚水平已超过邻国日本和韩国，与新加坡同属亚洲离婚率较高的国家。这是近日中国社会科学院人口学专家唐灿发布的调研报告中指出的。这份报告还写到，据2003年北京市统计年鉴公布的数据，2002年北京市的离婚总数为38756对，当年户籍人口为1136。3万，粗离婚率达到6。82‰；当年的结婚对数为76136对，由此计算离结率高达50。90％。也就是说，这一年平均不到两对夫妻结婚就有一对夫妻离婚，北京市的离婚率已经成为全国最高。
审题：
这是一道相当特殊的题目，是就一段汉语的新闻报道命题，提纲却是传统的模式。这类形式题目出现的比率不大，我们在本书中穿插了个别这样的题目主要是为了拓展大家的视野，而且这类题目所涉及的主题也是非常重要的，很有可能以图画题或图表题等主流形式考察到。
Sample：
According to the above news report； the divorce rate in China keeps increasing since 1970’s； and now is higher than that in Japan and Korea。 It was also reported that the ratio of divorced couples to married couples reached 1 to 2 in 2002 in Beijing。
From my point of view； the problem of high divorce rate in our country can be analyzed from three perspectives。 To begin with； owing to economic development and women’s liberation； the traditional family mode has changed greatly。 Now in most cases the two parties of a marriage are psychologically and economically independent。 Second； because of the higher living standard and onechild policy； many young people have shaped a selfcentered personality； which is liable to result in lack of mutual care and understanding。 Third； when all the social members bee more and more openminded； people are less restricted to the traditional conception of marriage。 Third parties； extramarital love and online marriage all pose great threats to the legal marriage。
As we all know； healthy marriages are beneficial not only to the couples themselves； but also to the growth of the children and to the stability of the whole society。 Therefore； it is worthwhile to make efforts to reduce the divorce rate。 Before they get married； young couples should be emotionally and psychologically well prepared for all possible conditions and changes in marriage。 Furthermore； school and family education should help enhance the sense of responsibility； which is not only the key to a healthy marriage but also to a successful career。
点评：
文章共分三段。第一段是将新闻报道中最重要的信息提炼出来，这是看大家的基本功是否扎实。第二段给出了该现象的原因。第三段是解决问题的办法。
第一段共有两句话，第一句话说国内的离婚率一路攀升，已超过了日本和韩国。第二句话说北京的离结率已高达1∶2。
第二段是写原因的段落，共分三个方面来写。第一点写传统家庭模式的巨大变化。第二点写年轻人以自我为中心的人格的形成，容易导致相互关爱与理解的缺失。第三点说人们的传统婚姻家庭观念的松动。
第三段写解决办法。先说健康的婚姻对夫妻、孩子和社会均有益，推导至减少离婚率是很有意义的事。首先说年轻人应在结婚时做好准备，以应对婚姻中的各种情形及变化。另外，学校和家庭教育应着重加强他们的责任感，这对婚姻和事业都是大有益处的。 该文是特殊的出题方式，如果我们考试中遇到特殊的形式，也不必慌乱，一定要看清楚具体的要求，这样就可以有的放矢了。看到熟悉的方式甚至题目，也不要过于欣喜，一定要把优势转化成胜势。
心得：
该文有许多好的语言点值得学习。
首段的news report相当于提纲中的reportage，意思是“新闻报道”。
次段首句的perspective意思是“角度”。第四句的onechild policy表示“计划生育的一孩政策”，selfcentered personality表示“以自我为中心的个性”，mutual care and understanding表示“相互
