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   thoroughly medical; and such as a physician of that age would use in
   describing the symptoms of disease; or of returning health。 In short;
   there is little room for doubt that out of the twenty…seven books which
   make up the little volume of the New Testament; two of the longest e
   from the pen of a medical man。

   But; after all; there is another fact of even deeper significance which
   demands attention。 I refer to the very large number of the cases of
   sickness and disease which our Lord Jesus Christ was pleased to heal
   during the period of His earthly ministry。 No doubt; if He had thought
   fit; He could have shown His Divine power; and proved His Divine
   mission; by miracles like the plagues of Egypt; by calling fire from
   heaven like Elijah; by causing the earth to open and swallow up His
   enemies; as Dathan and Abiram were swallowed up in the wilderness。 But
   He did not do so。 The great majority of His wondrous works were works
   of mercy wrought on the suffering bodies of men and women。 To cure the
   leprous; the dropsical; the palsied; the fevered; the lame; the blind;
   was the continual labour of love of Him who was 〃God manifest in the
   flesh。〃 To use the deep and mysterious words quoted from Isaiah by St。
   Matthew; 〃 Himself took our infirmities; and bare our sicknesses〃
   (Matt。 8:17)。

   Now why was this? Why did our Lord adopt this line of action; and
   habitually condescend to devote time and attention to the humbling and
   often loathsome ills to which flesh is heir? Partly; I believe; to
   remind us that He came to remedy the fall of man; and that of all the
   consequences of the fall; none cause so much trouble; and affect all
   ranks and classes of society so thoroughly; as sickness。 But partly
   also; I believe; to teach Christians in every age; that to minister to
   the sick is eminently a work of mercy according to Christ's mind。 He
   that endeavours to check disease; to alleviate suffering; to lessen
   pain; to help the self…curative powers of nature; and to lengthen life;
   may surely take fort in the thought; that; however much he may fail;
   he is at any rate walking in the footsteps of Jesus of Nazareth。 Next
   to the office of him who ministers to men's souls; there is none really
   more useful and honourable than that of him who ministers to the soul's
   frail tabernacle the body。

   He that thinks of these things will not wonder that the rise and
   progress of Christianity in every age has done much for the office of
   the physician。 That nothing was known of medicine or surgery before the
   Christian era; it would be unfair to say。 The names of Podalirius and
   Machaon in Homer; the better…known; less mythical name of Hippocrates
   (no mean observer of symptoms); are familiar to students。 But it is a
   certain fact that the sick were never so systematically cared for; and
   the medical profession so honourably esteemed; as they have been since
   the Church of Christ leavened the world。 The builders of the Parthenon
   and Colosseum built no infirmaries。 You will find no ruins of hospitals
   at Athens or Rome。 The infidel; the sceptic; and the agnostic may sneer
   at Bible religion if they please; but they cannot get over the fact
   that medical and surgical knowledge have always advanced side by side
   with the gospel of Christ。 Clever and ingenious as the heathen
   inhabitants of India; China; and Japan are at this day; it is notorious
   that their acquaintance with anatomy and materia medica; and their
   treatment of bodily diseases; are beneath contempt。

   Few of us; perhaps; realize what an immense debt we owe in Christian
   England to the medical profession。 How much the fort of our lives
   depends on it; and how vastly different is the condition of those whose
   lot is cast in a heathen country; or an 〃uncivilized back settlement of
   a colony! He that has a good servant in his house; and a good doctor
   within reach; ought to be a thankful man。

   Fewer still; I believe; realize what enormous strides medicine and
   surgery have made in the last two centuries; and are continually making
   in the present。 Of course death still reigns; and will reign until
   Christ returns in glory。 Kings and their subjects; rich and poor; all
   alike die; and will die until death is swallowed up in victory。 And no
   marvel! The human body is a frail and delicate machine。 〃Strange that a
   harp of a thousand strings should keep in tune so long。〃 But that the
   duration of life in this age is greatly increased by the advance of
   medical science; and that many diseases are preventable; manageable; or
   curable; which were once always thought fatal; are facts entirely
   beyond dispute。 Let any one read Baxter's semi…medical sermon in the
   Morning 。Exercises; and observe his receipts for hypochondria and
   dyspepsia; and then say whether he ought not to be thankful that he
   lives in the nineteenth century。 The mere fact that our ancestors knew
   nothing of quinine; chloroform; vaccination; the carbolic spray; the
   stethoscope; the laryngoscope; the ophthalmoscope; or the right
   treatment of the lunatic; the idiot; the deaf and dumb; and the blind;
   is a fact that speaks volumes to any intelligent mind。

   None; perhaps; have such constant opportunities of seeing the value of
   a medical man's services as Christian ministers。 We meet them in
   sick…rooms; and by the side of death…beds; and we know the self…denying
   labour which their profession entails; and the ungrudging and often
   unpaid attention which the sick almost invariably receive at their
   hands。

   There ought always to be the utmost harmony and friendly feeling
   between the two professions。 The sick…room is the mon ground on
   which they meet。 On that ground they can greatly help one another。 I
   think the minister of religion can help the medical man by teaching his
   patients the paramount importance of obedience to orders; of submission
   to advice; of attention to rules about diet and sanitary matters; and
   by encouraging patience and quietness of spirit。 I am sure the doctor
   can help the minister by gently and wisely reminding those whose cases
   are past recovery; that it is their duty to accept the inevitable; that
   this life is not all; that they have souls as well as bodies; and that
   it is wise to look calmly at their latter end; and a world to e; and
   to prepare to meet God。

   There is much in mon in the two professions; the one in caring for
   men's bodies; and the other in caring for men's souls。 We ministers
   cannot mand success。 Too often we visit in vain; exhort in vain;
   advise in vain; preach in vain。 We find that spiritual life and death
   are in higher hands than ours。 The doctor finds that under the most
   skilful treatment people will die; and we find that under the most
   faithful teaching many continue unmoved in conscience; and dead in
   sins。 Like the doctor; we often feel our ignorance; cannot diagnose or
   discern symptoms; and feel doubtful what to say。 Both ministers and
   medical men have great need to be clothed with humility。 But I trust;
   to use the words which were placed on the tomb of Sir Henry Lawrence;
   we both 〃try to do our duty;〃 and persevere。 Duties are ours; but
   events are God's。

   That there never may be wanting in Great Britain a continual supply of
   able; right…minded; faithful medical men; and that we who minister to
   the soul; and those who minister to the body; may always work
   harmoniously together; and help one another; is my earnest prayer。
     __________________________________________________________________

   '2' The substance of this paper was originally delivered as a sermon in
   Liverpool Cathedral at the opening of the Annual Conference of the
   British Medical Association in Liverpool; on July 31st; 1883。
     __________________________________________________________________

  CHAPTER III
  Eccles。 12:12。
  SIMPLICITY IN PREACHING。

   '3'

   KING SOLOMON says; in the book of Ecclesiastes; 〃Of making many books
   there is no end〃 (Eccles。 12:12)。 There are few subjects about which
   that saying is more true than that of preaching。 The volumes which have
   been written in order to show ministers how to preach are enough to
   make a small library。 In sending forth one more little treatise; I only
   propose to touch one branch of the subject。 I do not pretend to
   consider what should be the substance and matter of a sermon。 I
   purposely leave alone such points as 〃gravity; unction; liveliness;
   warmth;〃 and the like; or the parative merits of written or
   extempore sermons。 I wish to confine myself to one point; which
   receives far less attention than it deserves。 That point is simplicity
   in language and style。

   I ought to be able to tell my readers something about 〃simplicity;〃 if
   experience will give any help。 I began preaching forty…five years ago;
   when I first took orders in a poor rural parish; and a great portion of
   my ministerial life has been spent in preaching t

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