the grand canyon of arizona-第40节

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；　and　so　he　appointed　the　captains　and　officers　because　it　seemed　to　him　that　if　they　were　appointed　by　him；　as　he　was　so　well　obeyed　and　beloved；　nobody；　would　find　fault　with　his　arrangements。　After　everybody　had　heard　who　the　general　was　（Coronado）；　he　made　Don　Pedro　de　Tovar　ensign　general；　a　young　gentleman　who　was　the　son　of　Don　Fernando　de　Tovar；　the　guardian　and　high　steward　of　the　Queen　Dona　Juana；　our　demented　mistressmay　she　be　in　glory。〃

A　Brilliant　and　Gallant　Company。　After　the　naming　of　their　officers；　Castaneda　regrets　that　he　has　〃forgotten　the　names　of　many　good　fellows。　It　would　be　well　if　I　could　name　some　of　them；　so　that　it　might　be　clearly　seen　what　cause　I　had　for　saying　that　they　had　on　this　expedition　the　most　brilliant　company　ever　collected　in　the　Indies　to　go　in　search　of　new　lands。　But　they　were　unfortunate　in　having　a　captain　who　left　in　New　Spain　estates　and　a　pretty　wife；　a　noble　and　excellent　lady；　which　were　not　the　least　causes　for　what　was　to　happen。〃

First　Disappointment。　Poor　Coronado！　The　reader　is　thus　prepared　to　throw　upon　him　the　blame　because　similar　treasures　to　those　found　by　Cortes　in　the　land　of　Montezuma　were　not　found　in　Arizona　and　New　Mexico。　In　spite　of　his　having　so　many　fine　gentlemen　in　his　official　family；　Coronado's　disappointments　and　disillusionments　began　early。　As　he　reached　the　region　where　the　wilderness　beganjust　past　the　Pima　countryhe　felt　downhearted；　〃for；　although　the　reports　were　very　fine　about　what　was　ahead；　there　was　nobody　who　had　seen　it　except　the　Indians　who　went　with　the　negro；　and　these　had　already　been　caught　in　some　lies。〃

Meeting　with　Indians。　When　the　expedition　first　came　in　contact　with　the　Indians　of　the　desert　region；　the　gallant　members　of　the　party　must　have　been　a　little　scared；　for；　according　to　Castaneda：　〃Some　Indians。。。　during　the　night。。。　in　a　safe　place　yelled　so　that；　although　the　men　were　ready　for　anything；　some　were　so　excited　that　they　put　their　saddles　on　hind…side　before；　but　these　were　the　new　fellows。　When　the　veterans　had　mounted　and　ridden　round　the　camp；　the　Indians　had　fled。〃

Coronado　Reaches　Zuni。　Coronado　finally　reached　Cibolathe　mythicalnow　known　to　be　Zuni；　in　New　Mexico。　Here　he　was　not　only　disappointed　because　he　did　not　find　the　great　treasure　so　long　anticipated；　but　he　was　wounded。　Getting　into　converse　with　him；　the　Indians　told　him　of　the　people　who　lived　round　about；　and　among　others；　of　those　who　dwelt　in　the　province　of　Tusayan。　And　here　is　what　Castaneda　tells　us　about　the　discovery　by　Europeans　of　those　whom　we　now　know　as　the　Hopi。

Castaneda's　Account　of　their　Experiences　in　the　Canyon。　〃The　General　had　sent　Don　Pedro　de　Tovar　to　these　villages　with　seventeen　horsemen；　and　three　or　four　foot　soldiers。。Juan　de　Padilla；　a　Franciscan　friar；　who　had　been　a　fighting　man　in　his　youth；　went　with　them。　When　they　reached　the　region；　they　entered　the　country　so　quietly　that　nobody　observed　them；　because　there　were　no　settlements　or　farms　between　one　village　and　another　and　the　people　do　not　leave　the　villages　except　to　go　to　their　farms；　especially　at　this　time；　when　they　had　heard　that　Cibola　had　been　captured　by　very　fierce　people；　who　traveled　on　animals　who　ate　people。　This　information　was　generally　believed　by　those　who　had　never　seen　horses；　although　it　was　so　strange　as　to　cause　much　wonder。　Our　men　arrived　after　nightfall　and　were　able　to　conceal　themselves　under　the　edge　of　the　village；　where　they　heard　the　natives　talking　in　their　houses。　But　in　the　morning　they　were　discovered；　and　drew　up　in　regular　order；　while　the　natives　went　out　to　meet　them；　with　bows　and　shields；　and　wooden　clubs；　drawn　up　in　lines　without　any　confusion。　The　interpreter　was　given　a　chance　to　speak　to　them　and　to　give　them　one　warning；　for　they　were　very　intelligent　people；　but　nevertheless　they　drew　lines　and　insisted　that　our　men　should　not　go　across　these　lines　toward　their　village。　While　they　were　talking　some　men　acted　as　if　they　would　cross　the　lines；　and　one　of　the　natives　lost　control　of　himself　and　struck　a　horse　a　blow　on　the　check　of　the　bridle　with　his　club。　Friar　Juan；　fretted　by　the　time　that　was　being　wasted　in　talking　with　them；　said　to　the　captain；　'To　tell　the　truth；　I　do　not　know　why　we　came　here。'　When　the　men　heard　this；　they　gave　the　Santiago　（The　Battle　Cry　of　Spain）；　so　suddenly　that　they　ran　down　many　Indians　and　the　others　fled　to　the　town　in　confusion。　Some　indeed　did　not　have　a　chance　to　do　this；　so　quickly　did　the　people　in　the　villages　come　out　with　presents；　asking　for　peace。　The　captain　ordered　his　force　to　collect；　and；　as　the　natives　did　not　do　any　more　harm；　he　and　those　who　were　with　him　found　a　place　to　establish　new　headquarters　near　the　village。　They　had　dismounted　here　when　the　natives　came　peacefully；　saying　that　they　had　come　to　give　in　the　submission　of　the　whole　province　and　that　they　wanted　him　to　be　friends　with　them　and　to　accept　the　presents　which　they　gave　him。　This　was　some　cotton　cloth；　although　not　much；　because　they　do　not　make　it　in　that　district。　They　also　gave　him　some　dressed　skins　and　some　corn　meal；　and　pine　nuts；　and　corn　and　birds　of　the　country。　Afterward　they　presented　some　turquoises；　but　not　many。　The　people　of　the　whole　district　came　together　that　day　and　submitted　themselves；　and　they　allowed　him　to　enter　their　villages　freely　to　visit；　buy；　sell；　and　barter　with　them。

〃It　is　governed　like　Cibola；　by　an　assembly　of　the　oldest　men。　They　have　their　governors　and　generals。　This　was　where　they　obtained　the　information　about　a　large　river；　and　that　several　days　down　the　river　there　were　some　people　with　very　large　bodies。

〃As　Don　Pedro　de　Tovar　was　not　commissioned　to　go　farther；　he　returned　from　there；　and　gave　this　information　to　the　general；　who　dispatched　Don　Garcia　Lopez　de　Cardenas　with　about　twelve　companions　to　go　to　see　this　river。　He　was　well　received　when　he　reached　Tusayan　and　was　well　entertained　by　the　natives；　who　gave　him　guides　for　his　journey。　They　started　from　here　loaded　with　provisions；　for　they　had　to　go　through　a　desert　country　before　reaching　the　inhabited　region；　which　the　Indians　said　was　more　than　twenty　days　journey。　After　they　had　gone　twenty　days；　they　came　to　the　banks　of　the　river；　which　seemed　to　be　more　than　three　or　four　leagues　above　the　stream　which　flowed　between　them。　This　country　was　elevated　and　full　of　low；　twisted　pines；　very　cold；　and　lying　open　toward　the　north；　so　that；　this　being　the　warm　season；　no　one　could　live　there　on　account　of　the　cold。　They　spent　three　days　on　this　bank　looking　for　a　passage　down　to　the　river；　which　looked　from　above　as　if　the　water　was　six　feet　across；　although　the　Indians　said　that　it　was　half　a　league　wide。　It　was　impossible　to　descend；　for　after　these　three　days　Captain　Melgosa　and　one　Juan　Galeras　and　another　companion；　who　were　the　three　lightest　and　most　agile　men；　made　an　attempt　to　go　down　at　the　least　difficult　place；　and　went　down　until　those　who　were　above　were　unable　to　keep　sight　of　them。　They　returned　about　four　o'clock　in　the　afternoon；　not　having　succeeded　in　reaching　the　bottom　on　account　of　the　great　difficulties　which　they　found；　because　what　seemed　to　be　easy　from　above　was　not　so；　but　instead　very　hard　and　difficult。　They　said　that　they　had　been　down　about　a　third　of　the　way　and　that　the　river　seemed　very　large　from　the　place　that　they　reached；　and　that　from　what　they　saw　the　Indians　had　given　the　width　correctly。　Those　who　stayed　above　had　estimated　that　some　huge　rocks　on　the　side　of　the　cliffs　seemed　to　be　about　as　tall　as　a　man；　but　those　who　went　down　swore　that　when　they　reached　these　rocks　they　were　bigger　than　the　great　tower　of　Seville。　They　did　not　go　farther　up　the　river　because　they　could　not　get　water。　Before　this　they　had　to　go　a　league　or　two　inland　every　day　late　in　the　evening　in　order　to　find　water；　and　the　guides　said　that　if　they　should　go　four　days　farther；　it　would　not　be　possible　to　go　on；　because　there　was　no　water　within　three　or　four　days；　for　when　they　travel　across　this　region　themselves　they　take　with　them　women　loaded　with　water　in　gourds；　and　bury　the　gourds　of　water　along　the　way　to　use　when　they　return；　and　besides　this；　they　travel　in　one　day　what　it　takes　us　two　days　to　accomplish。

〃This　was　the　Tison　（Firebrand）　river；　much　nearer　its　source　than　where　Melchior　Diaz　and　his　company　crossed　it。　These　were　the　same　kind　of　Indians；　judging　from　what　was　afterward　learned。　They　came　back　from　this　point　and　the　expedition　did　not　have　any　other　result。　On　the　way　they　saw　some　water　falling　on　a　rock　and　learned　from　the　guides　that　some　bunches　of　crystals　which　were　hanging　there　were　salt。　They　went　and　gathered　a　quantity　of　this　and　brought　it　back　to　Cibola；　dividing　it　among　those　who　were　there。　They　gave　the　general　a　written　account　of　what　they　had　seen；　because　one　Pedro　de　Sotomayor　had　gone　with　Don　Garcia　Lopez　as　chronicler　for　the　army。　The　villages　of　that　province　remained　peaceful；　since　they　were　never　visited　again；　nor　was　any　attempt　made　to　find　other　peoples　in　that　direction。〃

Place　Described　by　Cardenas　Unknown。　There　has　been　some　attempt　on　the　part　of　students　who　are　familiar　with　the　country