the antiquities of the jews-1-第315节

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to　cut　them　off　utterly；　is　fully　confirmed　by　Diodorus　Siculus；
in　Photiua's　extracts　out　of　his　34th　Book。

（24）　The　Jews　were　not　to　march　or　journey　on　the　sabbath；　or　on
such　a　great　festival　as　was　equivalent　to　the　sabbath；　any
farther　than　a　sabbath　day's　journey；　or　two　thousand　cubits；　see
the　note　on　Antiq。　B。　XX。　ch。　8。　sect。　6。

（25）　This　account　of　the　Idumeans　admitting　circumcision；　and　the
entire　Jewish　law；　from　this　time；　or　from　the　days　of　Hyrcanus；
is　confirmed　by　their　entire　history　afterward。　See　Antiq。　B。
XIV。　ch。　8。　sect。　1；　B。　XV。　ch。　7。　sect。　9。　Of　the　War；　B。　II。
ch。　3。　sect。　1；　B。　IV。　ch。　4。　sect。　5。　This；　in　the　opinion　of
Josephus；　made　them　proselytes　of　justice；　or　entire　Jews；　as
here　and　elsewhere；　Antiq。　B。　XIV。　ch。　8。　sect。　1。　However；
Antigonus；　the　enemy　of　Herod；　though　Herod　were　derived　from
such　a　proselyte　of　justice　for　several　generations；　will　allow
him　to　be　no　more　than　a　half　Jew；　B。　XV。　ch。　15。　sect。　2。　。But
still；　take　out　of　Dean　Prideaux；　at　the　year　129；　the　words　of
Ammouius；　a　grammarian；　which　fully　confirm　this　account　of　the
Idumeans　in　Josephus：　〃The　Jews；〃　says　he；　are　such　by　nature；
and　from　the　beginning；　whilst　the　Idumeans　were　not　Jews　from
the　beginning；　but　Phoenicians　and　Syrians；　but　being　afterward
subdued　by　the　Jews；　and　compelled　to　be　circumcised；　and　to
unite　into　one　nation；　and　be　subject　to　the　same　laws；　they　were
called　Jews。〃　Dio　also　says；　as　the　Dean　there　quotes　him；　from
Book　XXXVI。　p。　37；　〃That　country　is　called　Judea；　and　the　people
Jews；　and　this　name　is　given　also　to　as　many　others　as　embrace
their　religion；　though　of　other　nations。〃　But　then　upon　what
foundation　so　good　a　governor　as　Hyrcanus　took　upon　him　to　compel
those　Idumeans　either　to　become　Jews；　or　to　leave　the　country；
deserves　great　consideration。　I　suppose　it　was　because　they　had
long　ago　been　driven　out　of　the　land　of　Edom；　and　had　seized　on
and　possessed　the　tribe　of　Simeon；　and　all　the　southern　parts　of
the　tribe　of　Judah；　which　was　the　peculiar　inheritance　of　the
worshippers　of　the　true　God　without　idolatry；　as　the　reader　may
learn　from　Reland；　Palestine；　Part　I。　p。　154；　305；　and　from
Prideaux；　at　the　years　140　and　165。

（26）　In　this　decree　of　the　Roman　senate；　it　seems　that　these
ambassadors　were　sent　from　the　〃people　of　the　Jews；〃　as　well　as
from　their　prince　or　high　priest；　John　Hyrcanus。

（27）　Dean　Prideaux　takes　notice　at　the　year　130；　that　Justin；　in
agreement　with　Josephus；　says；　〃The　power　of　the　Jews　was　now
grown　so　great；　that　after　this　Antiochus　they　would　not　bear　any
Macedonian　king　over　them；　and　that　they　set　up　a　government　of
their　own；　and　infested　Syria　with　great　wars。〃

（28）　The　original　of　the　Sadducees；　as　a　considerable　party　among
the　Jews；　being　contained　in　this　and　the　two　following　sections；
take　Dean　Prideaux's　note　upon　this　their　first　public
appearance；　which　I　suppose　to　be　true：　〃Hyrcanus；〃　says　be；
〃went　over　to　the　party　of　the　Sadducees；　that　is；　by　embracing
their　doctrine　against　the　traditions　of　the　eiders；　added　to　the
written　law；　and　made　of　equal　authority　with　it；　but　not　their
doctrine　against　the　resurrection　and　a　future　state；　for　this
cannot　be　supposed　of　so　good　and　righteous　a　man　as　John
Hyrcanus　is　said　to　be。　It　is　most　probable；　that　at　this　time
the　Sadducees　had　gone　no　further　in　the　doctrines　of　that　sect
than　to　deny　all　their　unwritten　traditions；　which　the　Pharisees
were　so　fond　of；　for　Josephus　mentions　no　other　difference　at
this　time　between　them；　neither　doth　he　say　that　Hyrcanna　went
over　to　the　Sadducees　in　any　other　particular　than　in　the
abolishing　of　all　the　traditionary　constitutions　of　the
Pharisees；　which　our　Savior　condemned　as　well　as　they。〃　＇At　the
year。＇

（29）　This　slander；　that　arose　from　a　Pharisee；　has　been　preserved
by　their　successors　the　Rabbins　to　these　later　ages；　for　Dr。
Hudson　assures　us　that　David　Gantz；　in　his　Chronology；　S。　Pr。　p。
77；　in　Vorstius's　version；　relates　that　Hyrcanus's　mother　was
taken　captive　in　Mount　Modinth。　See　ch。　13。　sect。　5。

（30）　Here　ends　the　high　priesthood；　and　the　life　of　this
excellent　person　John　Hyrcanus；　and　together　with　him　the　holy
theocracy；　or　Divine　government　of　the　Jewish　nation；　and　its
concomitant　oracle　by　Urim。　Now　follows　the　profane　and
tyrannical　Jewish　monarchy；　first　of　the　Asamoneans　or　Maccabees；
and　then　of　Herod　the　Great；　the　Idumean；　till　the　coming　of　the
Messiah。　See　the　note　on　Antiq。　B。　III。　ch。　8。　sect。　9。　Hear
Strabo's　testimony　on　this　occasion；　B。　XVI。　p。　761；　762：
〃Those；〃　says　he；　〃that　succeeded　Moses　continued　for　some　time
in　earnest；　both　in　righteous　actions　and　in　piety；　but　after　a
while　there　were　others　that　took　upon　them　the　high　priesthood；
at　first　superstitious　and　afterward　tyrannical　persons。　Such　a
prophet　was　Moses　and　those　that　succeeded　him；　beginning　in　a
way　not　to　be　blamed；　but　changing　for　the　worse。　And　when　it
openly　appeared　that　the　government　was　become　tyrannical；
Alexander　was　the　first　that　set　up　himself　for　a　king　instead　of
a　priest；　and　his　sons　were　Hyrcanus　and　Aristobulus。〃　All　in
agreement　with　Josephus；　excepting　this；　that　Strabo　omits　the
first　king；　Aristobulus；　who　reigning　but　a　single　year；　seems
hardly　to　have　come　to　his　knowledge。　Nor　indeed　does
Aristobulus；　the　son　of　Alexander；　pretend　that　the　name　of　king
was　taken　before　his　father　Alexander　took　it　himself；　Antiq。　B。
XIV。　ch。　3。　sect。　2。　See　also　ch。　12。　sect。　l；　which　favor　Strabo
also。　And　indeed；　if　we　may　judge　from　the　very　different
characters　of　the　Egyptian　Jews　under　high　priests；　and　of　the
Palestine　Jews　under　kings；　in　the　two　next　centuries；　we　may
well　suppose　that　the　Divine　Shechinah　was　removed　into　Egypt；
and　that　the　worshippers　at　the　temple　of　Onias　were　better　men
than　those　at　the　temple　of　Jerusalem。

（31）　Hence　we　learn　that　the　Essens　pretended　to　have　ruled
whereby　men　might　foretell　things　to　come；　and　that　this　Judas
the　Essen　taught　those　rules　to　his　scholars；　but　whether　their
pretense　were　of　an　astrological　or　magical　nature；　which　yet　in
such　religious　Jews；　who　were　utterly　forbidden　such　arts；　is　no
way　probable；　or　to　any　Bath　Col；　spoken　of　by　the　later　Rabbins；
or　otherwise；　I　cannot　tell。　See　Of　the　War；　B。　II。　ch。　8。　sect。
12。

（32）　The　reason　why　Hyrcanus　suffered　not　this　son　of　his　whom　he
did　not　love　to　come　into　Judea；　but　ordered　him　to　be　brought　up
in　Galilee；　is　suggested　by　Dr。　Hudson；　that　Galilee　was　not
esteemed　so　happy　and　well　cultivated　a　country　as　Judea；　Matthew
26：73；　John　7：52；　Acts　2：7；　although　another　obvious　reason
occurs　also；　that　he　was　out　of　his　sight　in　Galilee　than　he
would　have　been　in　Judea。

（33）　From　these；　and　other　occasional　expressions；　dropped　by
Josephus；　we　may　learn；　that　where　the　sacred　hooks　of　the　Jews
were　deficient；　he　had　several　other　histories　then　extant；　（but
now　most　of　them　lost；）　which　he　faithfully　followed　in　his　own
history；　nor　indeed　have　we　any　other　records　of　those　times；
relating　to　Judea；　that　can　be　compared　to　these　accounts　of
Josephus；　though　when　we　do　meet　with　authentic　fragments　of　such
original　records；　they　almost　always　confirm　his　history。

（34）　This　city；　or　island；　Cos；　is　not　that　remote　island　in　the
Aegean　Sea；　famous　for　the　birth　of　the　great　Hippocrates；　but　a
city　or　island　of　the　same　name　adjoining　to　Egypt；　mentioned
both　by　Stephanus　and　Ptolemy；　as　Dr。　Mizon　informs　us。　Of　which
Cos；　and　the　treasures　there　laid　up　by　Cleopatra　and　the　Jews；
see　Antiq。　B。　XIV。　ch。　7；　sect。　2。

（35）　This　account　of　the　death　of　Antiochus　Grypus　is　confirmed
by　Appion；　Syriac。　p。　132；　here　cited　by　Spanheim。

（36）　Porphyry　says　that　this　Antiochus　Grypus　reigned　but
twenty…six　years；　as　Dr。　Hudson　observes。　The　copies　of　Josephus；
both　Greek　and　Latin；　have　here　so　grossly　false　a　reading；
Antiochus　and　Antoninus；　or　Antonius　Plus；　for　Antiochus　Pius；
that　the　editors　are　forced　to　correct　the　text　from　the　other
historians；　who　all　agree　that　this　king's　name　was　nothing　more
than　Antiochus　Plus。

（37）　These　two　brothers；　Antiochus　and　Philippus　are　called　twins
by　Porphyry；　the　fourth　brother　was　king　of　Damascus：　both　which
are　the　observations　of　Spanheim。

（38）　This　Laodicea　was　a　city　of　Gilead　beyond　Jordan。　However；
Porphyry　says　that　this　Antiochus　Pius　did　not　die　in　this
battle；　but；　running　away；　was　drowned　in　the　river　Orontes。
Appian　says　that　he；　was　deprived　of　the　kingdom　of　Syria　by
Tigranes；　but　Porphyry　makes　this　Laodice　queen　of　the　Calamans；
…　all　which　is　noted　by　Spanheim。　In　such　confusion　of　the　later
historians；　we　have　no　reason　to　prefer　any　of　them　before
Josephus；　who　had　more　original　ones　before　him。　This　reproach
upon　Alexander；　that　he　was　sprung　from　a　captive；　seems　only　the
repetition　of　the　old　Pharisaical　calumny　upon　his　father；　ch。
10。　sect。　5。

（39）　This　Theodorus　was　the　son　of　Zeno；　and　was　in　possession　of
Areathus；　as　we　learn　from　sect。　3　foregoing。

（40）　This　name　Thracida；　which　the　Jews　gave　Alexander；　must；　by
the　coherence；　denote　as　barbarous　as　a　Thracian；　or　somewhat
like　it；　but