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nt　with　making　Great　Britain　alone　a　participator　of　this　　salutary　institution；　they　wished　to　extend　it　to　all　countries；　　and　therefore　called　to　their　assistance　the　majority　of　the　known　　languages。　　To　all　the　quarters　of　the　inhabited　world　they　sent　at　　their　own　expense　agents　to　traverse　the　countries　and　discover　the　　best　means　of　disseminating　the　truths　of　the　Bible；　and　to　　discover　manuscripts　of　the　ancient　versions。　　They　did　more：　　　convinced　of　the　necessity　of　placing　themselves　above　the　　miserable　considerations　of　sectarian　spirit；　they　determined　that　　the　text　should　not　be　accompanied　by　any　species　of　note　or　　commentary　which　might　provoke　the　discord　which　unhappily　reigns　　among　the　different　fractions　of　Christianity；　which　separates　more　　and　more　their　views　instead　of　guiding　them　to　the　religious　end　　which　they　propose。

'Thus　the　doctrine　of　the　Nazarene　might　be　studied　with　equal　　success　by　the　Greek　schismatic　and　the　Catholic　Spaniard；　by　the　　sectary　of　Calvin　and　the　disciple　of　Luther：　　its　seed　might　bless　　at　one　and　the　same　time　the　fruitful　plains　of　Asia　and　the　　sterile　sands　of　desert　Arabia；　the　burning　soil　of　India　and　the　　icy　land　of　the　ferocious　Esquimaux。　　Antiquity　knew　no　speedier　　means　of　conveying　its　ideas　than　the　harangues　which　the　orators　　pronounced　from　the　summit　of　the　tribune；　amidst　assemblies　of　　thousands　of　citizens；　but　modern　intelligence　wished　to　discover　　other　means　infinitely　more　efficacious；　more　active；　more　rapid；　　more　universal；　and　has　invented　the　press。　　Thus　it　was　that　in　　the　preceding　ages　the　warm　and　animated　words　of　the　missionary　　were　necessarily　the　only　organ　which　Christianity　had　at　command　

to　proclaim　its　principles；　but　scarcely　did　this　invention　come　to　　second　the　progress　of　modern　civilisation；　than　it　foresaw　the　　future　ally　destined　to　complete　the　intelligent　and　social　labour　　which　it　had　taken　upon　itself。'

（After　stating　what　has　been　accomplished　by　the　B。　F。　B。　Society；　　and　how　many　others　have　sprung　up　under　her　auspices　in　different　　lands；　the　article　continues：）

'Why　should　Spain　which　has　explored　the　New　World；　which　has　　generalised　inoculation　in　order　to　oppose　the　devastations　of　a　　horrid　pest；　which　has　always　distinguished　herself　by　zeal　in　　labouring　in　the　cause　of　humanity　…　why　should　she　alone　be　　destitute　of　Bible　Societies？　　Why　should　a　nation　eminently　　Catholic　continue　isolated　from　the　rest　of　Europe；　without　joining　　in　the　magnificent　enterprise　in　which　the　latter　is　so　busily　　engaged？'

GEORGE　BORROW。

（My　best　respects　to　Mr。　Jowett。）



LETTER：　20th　April；　1836



To　the　Rev。　A。　Brandram　（ENDORSED：　recd。　May　5；　1836）　MADRID；　NO。　3；　CALLE　DE　LA　ZARZA；　20　APRIL　1836

REVD。　AND　DEAR　SIR；　…　I　have　received　your　letter　of　the　6th　inst。；　　in　which　you　request　me　to　write　to　you　a　little　more　frequently；　　on　the　ground　that　my　letters　are　not　destitute　of　interest；　your　　request；　however；　is　not　the　principal　reason　which　incites　me　to　　take　up　the　pen　at　the　present　moment。　　Though　I　hope　that　I　shall　　be　able　to　communicate　matter　which　will　afford　yourself　and　our　　friends　at　home　subject　for　some　congratulation；　my　more　immediate　　object　is　to　inform　you　of　my　situation；　of　which　I　am　sure　you　　have　not　the　slightest　conception。

For　the　last　three　weeks　I　have　been　without　money；　literally　　without　a　farthing。　　About　a　month　ago　I　received　fifteen　pounds　　from　Mr。　Wilby；　and　returned　him　an　order　for　twenty；　he　having；　　when　I　left　Lisbon；　lent　me　five　pounds；　on　account；　above　what　I　　drew　for；　as　he　was　apprehensive　of　my　being　short　of　money　before　　I　reached　Madrid。　　12　pounds；　5s。　of　this　I　instantly　expended　for　　a　suit　of　clothes；　my　own　being　so　worn；　that　it　was　impossible　to　　appear　longer　in　public　with　them。　　At　the　time　of　sending　him　the　　receipt　I　informed　him　that　I　was　in　need　of　money；　and　begged　that　　he　would　send　the　remaining　30　pounds　by　return　of　post。　　I　have　　never　heard　from　him　from　that　moment；　though　I　have　written　twice。　　　Perhaps　he　never　received　my　letters；　or　I　may　not　have　received　　his；　the　post　of　Estremadura　having　been　three　times　robbed；　I　can　　imagine　no　other　reason。　　The　money　may　still　come；　but　I　have　　given　up　all　hopes　of　it；　and　am　compelled　to　write　home；　though　　what　I　am　to　do　till　I　can　receive　your　answer　I　am　at　a　loss　to　　conceive。　　But　God　is　above　all；　and　I　am　far　from　complaining；　but　　you　would　oblige　me；　upon　receiving　this；　to　procure　me　instantly　a　　letter　of　credit　on　some　house　in　Madrid。　　I　believe　Messrs。　　Hammersley　of　London　have　correspondents　here。　　Whatever　I　undergo；　　I　shall　tell　nobody　my　situation：　　it　might　hurt　the　Society　and　　our　projects　here。　　I　know　enough　of　the　world　to　be　aware　that　it　　is　considered　as　the　worst　of　crimes　to　be　without　money。　　Above　　all；　let　me　intreat　you　never　to　hint　of　this　affair　in　any　　communication　to　Mr。　Wilby；　he　is　a　most　invaluable　man；　and　he　　might　take　offence。

A　week　ago；　after　having　spent　much　time　in　drawing　up　a　petition；　　I　presented　it　to　the　Ecclesiastical　Committee　of　Censors。　　It　was　　strongly　backed　by　the　Civil　Governor　of　Madrid；　within　whose　　department　the　Censorship　is。　　In　this　petition；　after　a　preamble　　on　the　religious　state　of　Spain；　I　requested　permission　to　print　　the　New　Testament　without　note　or　comment；　according　to　the　version　　of　Father　Scio；　and　in　the　same　form　and　size　as　the　small　edition　　of　Paris；　in　order　that　the　book　might　be　'AL　ALCANCE　ASI　DE　LOS　　POBRES　COMO　DE　LOS　RICOS'　（within　the　reach　of　the　poor　as　well　as　　of　the　wealthy）。　　The　Ecclesiastical　Board　are　at　present　　consulting　about　it；　as　I　was　informed　to…day；　upon　my　repairing　to　　their　house　for　the　purpose　of　knowing　how　matters　were　going　on。　　　I　have　hopes　of　success；　having　done　all　in　my　power　to　prevent　a　　failure　by　making　important　friends　since　the　moment　of　my　arrival。　　　I　was　introduced　to　the　Governor　by　his　most　intimate　acquaintance　　Synudi；　the　Deputy　of　Huelba；　to　whom　I　was　introduced　by　the　　celebrated　Alcala　de　Galiano；　the　Deputy　of　Cadiz；　who　will　sooner　　or　later　be　Prime　Minister；　and　to　him　I　was　introduced　by　…　but　I　　will　not　continue；　as　I　might　run　on　for　ever；　much　after　the　　fashion　as

'This　is　the　house　which　Jack　built。'

And　now　I　have　something　to　tell　you　which　I　think　will　surprise　　you；　and　which；　strange　as　it　may　sound；　is　nevertheless　true。　　The　　authority　of　the　Pope　in　this　country　is　in　so　very　feeble　and　　precarious　a　situation；　that　little　more　than　a　breath　is　required　　to　destroy　it；　and　I　am　almost　confident　that　in　less　than　a　year　　it　will　be　disowned。　　I　am　doing　whatever　I　can　in　Madrid　to　　prepare　the　way　for　an　event　so　desirable。　　I　mix　with　the　people；　　and　inform　them　who　and　what　the　Pope　is；　and　how　disastrous　to　　Spain　his　influence　has　been。　　I　tell　them　that　the　indulgences；　　which　they　are　in　the　habit　of　purchasing；　are　of　no　more　intrinsic　　value　than　so　many　pieces　of　paper；　and　were　merely　invented　with　　the　view　of　plundering　them。　　I　frequently　ask：　　'Is　it　possible　　that　God；　who　is　good；　would　sanction　the　sale　of　sin？'　and；　　'Supposing　certain　things　are　sinful；　do　you　think　that　God；　for　　the　sake　of　your　money；　would　permit　you　to　perform　them？'　　In　many　　instances　my　hearers　have　been　satisfied　with　this　simple　　reasoning；　and　have　said　that　they　would　buy　no　more　indulgences。　　　Moreover；　the　newspapers　have；　in　two　or　three　instances；　taken　up　　the　subject　of　Rome　upon　national　and　political　grounds。　　The　Pope　　is　an　avowed　friend　of　Carlos；　and　an　enemy　of　the　present　　Government；　and　in　every　instance　has　refused　to　acknowledge　the　　Bishops　who　have　been　nominated　to　vacant　sees　by　the　Queen。　　　Therefore　the　editors　say；　and　very　naturally；　if　the　Pope　does　　everything　in　his　power　to　impede　the　progress　of　Spanish　　regeneration；　it　is　high　time　to　cut　the　ties　which　still　link　　Spain　to　the　papal　chair。　　It　is　my　sincere　prayer；　and　the　prayer　　of　many　of　those　who　have　the　interest　of　Spain　at　heart；　that　The　　Man　of　Rome　will　continue　in　the　course　which　he　is　at　present　　pursuing；　for　by　so　doing　he　loses　Spain；　and　then　he　is　nothing。　　　He　is　already　laughed　at　throughout　Italy　…　Ireland　will　alone　　remain　to　him　…　much　good　it　may　do　him！

In　respect　to　the　Apocrypha；　let　me　be　permitted　to　observe　that　an　　anticipation　of　that　difficulty　was　one　of　my　motives　for　　forbearing　to　request　permission　to　print　the　entire　Bible；　and　　here　I　will　hint　that　in　these　countries；　until　the　inhabitants　　become　Christian；　it　would　be　expedient　to　drop　the　Old　Testament　　altogether；　for　if　the　Old　accompany　the　New　the　latter　will　be　　little　read；　as　the　former　is　so　infinitely　more　entertaining　to　　the　carnal　man。　　Mr。　Wilby　in　his　＇last＇　letter　informs　me　that　30　　Bibles　have　been　sold　in　Lisbon　within　a　short　time；　but　that　the　　demand　for　Testaments　has　not　amounted　to　half　that　number。　　My　　best　respects　to　Mr。　Jowett。

G。　B。



LETTER：　22nd　May；　1836



To　the　Rev。　A。　Brandram　（ENDORSED：　recd。　June　1；　1836）　MADRID；　MAY　22；　1836。

REVD。　AND　DEAR　SIR；　…　I　write　in　the　greatest　hurry。　　I　shall　　receive　the　permission；　the　Lord　willing；　in　a