history of friedrich ii of prussia v 16-第53节
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e third； in 1753； proved otherwise。
March 12th； 1753； wind of him being had； and the slot…hounds uncoupled and put on his trail； poor Cameron was unearthed 〃at the Laird of Glenbucket's；〃 and there laid hold of； locked in Edinburgh Castle；thence to the Tower； and to Trial for High Treason。 Which went against him； in spite of his fine pleadings； and manful conciliatory appearances and manners。 Executed 7th June； 1753。 His poor Wife had twice squeezed her way into the Royal Levee at Kensington； with Petition for mercy；fainted； the first time； owing to the press and the agitation； but did； the second time； fall on her knees before Royal George； and supplicate；who had to turn a deaf ear； royal gentleman； I hope； not without pain。
The truth is； poor Cameron…though； I believe； he had some vague Jacobite errands withalnever would have harmed anybody in the rebel way； and might with all safety have been let live。 But his Grace of Newcastle； and the English generally； had got the strangest notion into their head。 Those appointments of Earl Marischal to Paris； of Tyrconnel to Berlin； Friedrich's nefarious spoiling of that salutary Romish…King Project； and now simultaneous with that； his nefarious oonduct in our Privateer Business： all this； does it not prove himas the Hanburys； Demon Newswriters and well…informed persons have taught usto be one of the worst men living； and a King bent upon our ruin？ What is certain； though now well…nigh inconceivable； it was then； in the upper Classes and Political Circles； universally believed； That this Dr。 Cameron was properly an 〃Emissary of the King of Prussia's；〃 that Cameron's errand here was to rally the Jacobite embers into new flame；and that； at the first clear sputter； Friedrich had 15；000 men； of his best Prussian…Spartan troops； ready to ferry over； and help Jacobitism to do the matter this time！ ＇Walpole； George the Second； i。 333； 353； and Letters to Horace Mann （Summer； 1753）； for the belief held。 Adelung； vii。 338…341； for the poor Cameron tragedy itself。＇
About as likely as that the Cham of Tartary had interfered in the 〃Bangorian Controversy〃 （raging； I believe； some time since；in Cremorne Gardens fist of all； which was Bishop Hoadly's Place；to the terror of mitres and wigs）； or that； the Emperor of China was concerned in Meux's Porter…Brewery； with an eye to sale of NUX VOMICA。 Among all the Kings that then were； or that ever were； King Friedrich distinguished himself by the grand human virtue （one of the most important for Kings and for men） of keeping well at home； of always minding his own affairs。 These were； in fact； the one thing he minded； and he did that well。 He was vigilant； observant all round； for weather…symptoms； thoroughly well informed of what his neighbors had on hand； ready to interfere； generally in some judicious soft way； at any moment； if his own Countries or their interests came to be concerned； certain； till then； to continue a speculative observer merely。 He had knowledge； to an extent of accuracy which often surprised his neighbors： but there is no instance in which he meddled where he had no business；and few； I believe； in which he did not meddle； and to the purpose； when he had。
Later in his Reign； in the time of the American War （1777）； there is； on the English part； in regard to Friedrich； an equally distracted notion of the same kind brought to light。 Again； a conviction； namely； or moral…certainty； that Friedrich is about assisting the American Insurgents against us；and a very strange and indubitable step is ordered to be taken in consequence。 ＇ OEuvres de Frederic； xxvi。 394 （Friedrich to Prince Henri； 29th June； 1777。）＇ As shall be noticed； if we have time。 No enlightened Public； gazing for forty or fifty years into an important Neighbor Gentleman； with intent for practical knowledge of him； could well； though assisted by the cleverest Hanburys； and Demon and Angel Newswriters； have achieved less！
Question THIRD is But Question Third； so extremely important was it in the sequel； will deserve a Chapter to itself。
Chapter XIV。
THERE IS LIKE TO BE ANOTHER WAR AHEAD。
Question Third； French…English Canada Question； is no other than； under a new form； our old friend the inexorable JENKINS'S…EAR QUESTION； soul of all these Controversies； andexcept Silesia and Friedrich's Questionthe one meaning they have！ Huddled together it had been； at the Peace of Aix…la…Chapelle； and left for closed under 〃New Spanish Assiento Treaty；〃 or I know not what：you thought to close it by Diplomatic putty and varnish in that manner： and here； by law of Nature； it comes welling up on you anew。 For IT springs from the Centre； as we often say； and is the fountain and determining element of very large Sections of Human History； still hidden in the unseen Time。
〃Ocean Highway to be free； for the English and others who have business on it？〃 The English have a real and weighty errand there。 〃English to trade and navigate； as the Law of Nature orders； on those Seas； and to ponderate or preponderate there； according to the real amount of weight they and their errand have？ OR； English to have their ears torn off； and imperious French…Spanish Bourbons； grounding on extinct Pope's…meridians； GLOIRE and other imaginary bases； to take command？〃 The incalculable Yankee Nations； shall they be in effect YANGKEE （〃English〃 with a difference）； or FRANGCEE （〃French〃 with a difference）？ A Question not to be closed by Diplomatic putty； try as you will！
By Treaty of Utrecht （1713）； 〃all Nova Scotia ＇ACADIE as then called＇； with Newfoundland and the adjacent Islands；〃 was ceded to the English； and has ever since been possessed by them accordingly。 Unluckily that Treaty omitted to settle a Line of Boundary to landward； or westward； for their 〃NOVA SCOTIA；〃 or generally； a Boundary from NORTH TO SOUTH between the British Colonies and the French in those parts。
The Treaty of Aix…la…Chapelle； eager to conclude itself； stipulated； with great distinctness； that Cape Breton； all its guns and furnishings entire； should be restored at once （France extremely anxious on that point）； but for the rest had； being in such haste； flung itself altogether into the principle of STATUS… QUO…ANTE； as the short way for getting through。 The boundary in America was vaguely defined； as 〃now to be what it had been before the War。〃 It had； for many years before the War； been a subject of constant altercation。 ACADIE； for instance； the NOVA SCOTIA of the English since Utrecht time； the French maintained to mean only 〃the Peninsula〃； or Nook included between the Ocean Waters and the Bay of Fundy。 And； more emphatic still； on the 〃Isthmus〃 （or narrow space； at northwest； between said Bay and the Ocean or the Gulf of St。 Lawrence） they had built 〃Forts：〃 〃Stockades；〃 or I know not what； 〃on the Missaquish〃 （HODIE Missiquash）； a winding difficult river； northmost of the Bay of Fundy's rivers； which the French affirm to be the real limit in that quarter。 The sparse French Colonists of the interior； subjects of England； are not to be conciliated by perfect toleration of religion and the like； but have an invincible proclivity to join their Countrymen outside； and wish well to those Stockades on the Missiquash。 It must be owned； too； the French Official People are far from scrupulous or squeamish； show energy of management； and are very skilful with the Indians； who are an important item。 Canada is all French； has its Quebecs； Montreals； a St。 Lawrence River occupied at all the good military points； and serving at once as bulwark and highway。
Southward and westward； France； in its exuberant humor； claims for itself The whole Basin of the St。 Lawrence； and the whole Basin of the Mississippi as well： 〃Have not we Stockades； Castles； at the military points； Fortified Places in Louisiana itself？〃 Yes；and how many Ploughed Fields bearing Crop have you？ It is to the good Plougher； not ultimately to the good Cannonier； that those portions of Creation will belong？ The exuberant intention of the French is； after getting back Cape Breton； 〃To restrict those aspiring English Colonies；〃 mere Ploughers and Traders； hardly numbering above one million； 〃to the Space eastward of the Alleghany Mountains；〃 over which they are beginning to climb； 〃and southward of that Missiquash； or； at farthest； of the Penobscot and Kennebunk〃 （rivers HODIE in the State of Maine）。 ＇La Gallisonniere； Governor of Canada's DESPATCH； 〃Quebec； 15th January； 1749〃 （cited in Bancroft； History of the United States； Boston； 1839； et seq。）。 〃The English Inhabitants are computed at 1；051；000； French （in Canada 45；000； in Louisiana 7；000）； in all 52；000：〃 History of British Dominions in North America （London； 1773）； p。 13。 Bancroft （i。 154） counts the English Colonists in 〃1754 about 1；200；000。〃＇ That will be a very pretty Parallelogram for them and their ploughs and trade…packs： we； who are 50；000 odd； expert with the rifle far beyond them； will occupy the rest of the world。 Such is the French exuberant notion： and； October； 1745； before signature at Aix…la…Chapelle； much more before Delivery of Cape Breton；
