a footnote to history-第4节
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these reside。 Here and there; in the back yards of European
establishments; he may have had a glimpse of a native house elbowed
in a corner; but since he left Mulinuu; none on the beach where
islanders prefer to live; scarce one on the line of street。 The
handful of whites have everything; the natives walk in a foreign
town。 A year ago; on a knoll behind a bar…room; he might have
observed a native house guarded by sentries and flown over by the
standard of Samoa。 He would then have been told it was the seat of
government; driven (as I have to relate) over the Mulivai and from
beyond the German town into the Anglo…Saxon。 To…day; he will learn
it has been carted back again to its old quarters。 And he will
think it significant that the king of the islands should be thus
shuttled to and fro in his chief city at the nod of aliens。 And
then he will observe a feature more significant still: a house
with some concourse of affairs; policemen and idlers hanging by; a
man at a bank…counter overhauling manifests; perhaps a trial
proceeding in the front verandah; or perhaps the council breaking
up in knots after a stormy sitting。 And he will remember that he
is in the ELEELE SA; the 〃Forbidden Soil;〃 or Neutral Territory of
the treaties; that the magistrate whom he has just seen trying
native criminals is no officer of the native king's; and that this;
the only port and place of business in the kingdom; collects and
administers its own revenue for its own behoof by the hands of
white councillors and under the supervision of white consuls。 Let
him go further afield。 He will find the roads almost everywhere to
cease or to be made impassable by native pig…fences; bridges to be
quite unknown; and houses of the whites to become at once a rare
exception。 Set aside the German plantations; and the frontier is
sharp。 At the boundary of the ELEELE SA; Europe ends; Samoa
begins。 Here; then; is a singular state of affairs: all the
money; luxury; and business of the kingdom centred in one place;
that place excepted from the native government and administered by
whites for whites; and the whites themselves holding it not in
common but in hostile camps; so that it lies between them like a
bone between two dogs; each growling; each clutching his own end。
Should Apia ever choose a coat of arms; I have a motto ready:
〃Enter Rumour painted full of tongues。〃 The majority of the
natives do extremely little; the majority of the whites are
merchants with some four mails in the month; shopkeepers with some
ten or twenty customers a day; and gossip is the common resource of
all。 The town hums to the day's news; and the bars are crowded
with amateur politicians。 Some are office…seekers; and earwig king
and consul; and compass the fall of officials; with an eye to
salary。 Some are humorists; delighted with the pleasure of faction
for itself。 〃I never saw so good a place as this Apia;〃 said one
of these; 〃you can be in a new conspiracy every day!〃 Many; on the
other hand; are sincerely concerned for the future of the country。
The quarters are so close and the scale is so small; that perhaps
not any one can be trusted always to preserve his temper。 Every
one tells everything he knows; that is our country sickness。
Nearly every one has been betrayed at times; and told a trifle
more; the way our sickness takes the predisposed。 And the news
flies; and the tongues wag; and fists are shaken。 Pot boil and
caldron bubble!
Within the memory of man; the white people of Apia lay in the worst
squalor of degradation。 They are now unspeakably improved; both
men and women。 To…day they must be called a more than fairly
respectable population; and a much more than fairly intelligent。
The whole would probably not fill the ranks of even an English
half…battalion; yet there are a surprising number above the average
in sense; knowledge; and manners。 The trouble (for Samoa) is that
they are all here after a livelihood。 Some are sharp
practitioners; some are famous (justly or not) for foul play in
business。 Tales fly。 One merchant warns you against his
neighbour; the neighbour on the first occasion is found to return
the compliment: each with a good circumstantial story to the
proof。 There is so much copra in the islands; and no more; a man's
share of it is his share of bread; and commerce; like politics; is
here narrowed to a focus; shows its ugly side; and becomes as
personal as fisticuffs。 Close at their elbows; in all this
contention; stands the native looking on。 Like a child; his true
analogue; he observes; apprehends; misapprehends; and is usually
silent。 As in a child; a considerable intemperance of speech is
accompanied by some power of secrecy。 News he publishes; his
thoughts have often to be dug for。 He looks on at the rude career
of the dollar…hunt; and wonders。 He sees these men rolling in a
luxury beyond the ambition of native kings; he hears them accused
by each other of the meanest trickery; he knows some of them to be
guilty; and what is he to think? He is strongly conscious of his
own position as the common milk…cow; and what is he to do? 〃Surely
these white men on the beach are not great chiefs?〃 is a common
question; perhaps asked with some design of flattering the person
questioned。 And one; stung by the last incident into an unusual
flow of English; remarked to me: 〃I begin to be weary of white men
on the beach。〃
But the true centre of trouble; the head of the boil of which Samoa
languishes; is the German firm。 From the conditions of business; a
great island house must ever be an inheritance of care; and it
chances that the greatest still afoot has its chief seat in Apia
bay; and has sunk the main part of its capital in the island of
Upolu。 When its founder; John Caesar Godeffroy; went bankrupt over
Russian paper and Westphalian iron; his most considerable asset was
found to be the South Sea business。 This passed (I understand)
through the hands of Baring Brothers in London; and is now run by a
company rejoicing in the Gargantuan name of the DEUTSCHE HANDELS
UND PLANTAGEN GESELLSCHAFT FUR SUD…SEE INSELN ZU HAMBURG。 This
piece of literature is (in practice) shortened to the D。 H。 and P。
G。; the Old Firm; the German Firm; the Firm; and (among humorists)
the Long Handle Firm。 Even from the deck of an approaching ship;
the island is seen to bear its signature … zones of cultivation
showing in a more vivid tint of green on the dark vest of forest。
The total area in use is near ten thousand acres。 Hedges of
fragrant lime enclose; broad avenues intersect them。 You shall
walk for hours in parks of palm…tree alleys; regular; like soldiers
on parade; in the recesses of the hills you may stumble on a mill…
house; tolling and trembling there; fathoms deep in superincumbent
forest。 On the carpet of clean sward; troops of horses and herds
of handsome cattle may be seen to browse; and to one accustomed to
the rough luxuriance of the tropics; the appearance is of
fairyland。 The managers; many of them German sea…captains; are
enthusiastic in their new employment。 Experiment is continually
afoot: coffee and cacao; both of excellent quality; are among the
more recent outputs; and from one plantation quantities of
pineapples are sent at a particular season to the Sydney markets。
A hundred and fifty thousand pounds of English money; perhaps two
hundred thousand; lie sunk in these magnificent estates。 In
estimating the expense of maintenance quite a fleet of ships must
be remembered; and a strong staff of captains; supercargoes;
overseers; and clerks。 These last mess together at a liberal
board; the wages are high; and the staff is inspired with a strong
and pleasing sentiment of loyalty to their employers。
Seven or eight hundred imported men and women toil for the company
on contracts of three or of five years; and at a hypothetical wage
of a few dollars in the month。 I am now on a burning question:
the labour traffic; and I shall ask permission in this place only
to touch it with the tongs。 Suffice it to say that in Queensland;
Fiji; New Caledonia; and Hawaii it has been either suppressed or
placed under close public supervision。 In Samoa; where it still
flourishes; there is no regulation of which the public receives any
evidence; and the dirty linen of the firm; if there be any dirty;
and if it be ever washed at all; is washed in private。 This is
unfortunate; if Germans would believe it。 But they have no idea of
publicity; keep their business to themselves; rather affect to
〃move in a mysterious way;〃 and are naturally incensed by
criticisms; which they consider hypocritical; from men who would
import 〃labour〃 for themselves; if they could afford it; and would
probably maltreat them if t