the wars of the jews-第71节

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2。　In　the　mean　time；　there　were　gathered　together　as　well　such　as　had　seditiously　got　out　from　among　their　enemies；　as　those　that　had　escaped　out　of　the　demolished　cities；　which　were　in　all　a　great　number；　and　repaired　Joppa；　which　had　been　left　desolate　by　Cestius；　that　it　might　serve　them　for　a　place　of　refuge；　and　because　the　adjoining　region　had　been　laid　waste　in　the　war；　and　was　not　capable　of　supporting　them；　they　determined　to　go　off　to　sea。　They　also　built　themselves　a　great　many　piratical　ships；　and　turned　pirates　upon　the　seas　near　to　Syria；　and　Phoenicia；　and　Egypt；　and　made　those　seas　unnavigable　to　all　men。　Now　as　soon　as　Vespasian　knew　of　their　conspiracy；　he　sent　both　footmen　and　horsemen　to　Joppa；　which　was　unguarded　in　the　night　time；　however；　those　that　were　in　it　perceived　that　they　should　be　attacked；　and　were　afraid　of　it；　yet　did　they　not　endeavor　to　keep　the　Romans　out；　but　fled　to　their　ships；　and　lay　at　sea　all　night；　out　of　the　reach　of　their　darts。　

3。　Now　Joppa　is　not　naturally　a　haven；　for　it　ends　in　a　rough　shore；　where　all　the　rest　of　it　is　straight；　but　the　two　ends　bend　towards　each　other；　where　there　are　deep　precipices；　and　great　stones　that　jut　out　into　the　sea；　and　where　the　chains　wherewith　Andromeda　was　bound　have　left　their　footsteps；　which　attest　to　the　antiquity　of　that　fable。　But　the　north　wind　opposes　and　beats　upon　the　shore；　and　dashes　mighty　waves　against　the　rocks　which　receive　them；　and　renders　the　haven　more　dangerous　than　the　country　they　had　deserted。　Now　as　those　people　of　Joppa　were　floating　about　in　this　sea；　in　the　morning　there　fell　a　violent　wind　upon　them；　it　is　called　by　those　that　sail　there　〃the　black　north　wind；〃　and　there　dashed　their　ships　one　against　another；　and　dashed　some　of　them　against　the　rocks；　and　carried　many　of　them　by　force；　while　they　strove　against　the　opposite　waves；　into　the　main　sea；　for　the　shore　was　so　rocky；　and　had　so　many　of　the　enemy　upon　it；　that　they　were　afraid　to　come　to　land；　nay；　the　waves　rose　so　very　high；　that　they　drowned　them；　nor　was　there　any　place　whither　they　could　fly；　nor　any　way　to　save　themselves；　while　they　were　thrust　out　of　the　sea；　by　the　violence　of　the　wind；　if　they　staid　where　they　were；　and　out　of　the　city　by　the　violence　of　the　Romans。　And　much　lamentation　there　was　when　the　ships　were　dashed　against　one　another；　and　a　terrible　noise　when　they　were　broken　to　pieces；　and　some　of　the　multitude　that　were　in　them　were　covered　with　waves；　and　so　perished；　and　a　great　many　were　embarrassed　with　shipwrecks。　But　some　of　them　thought　that　to　die　by　their　own　swords　was　lighter　than　by　the　sea；　and　so　they　killed　themselves　before　they　were　drowned；　although　the　greatest　part　of　them　were　carried　by　the　waves；　and　dashed　to　pieces　against　the　abrupt　parts　of　the　rocks；　insomuch　that　the　sea　was　bloody　a　long　way；　and　the　maritime　parts　were　full　of　dead　bodies；　for　the　Romans　came　upon　those　that　were　carried　to　the　shore；　and　destroyed　them；　and　the　number　of　the　bodies　that　were　thus　thrown　out　of　the　sea　was　four　thousand　and　two　hundred。　The　Romans　also　took　the　city　without　opposition；　and　utterly　demolished　it。

4。　And　thus　was　Joppa　taken　twice　by　the　Romans　in　a　little　time；　but　Vespasian；　in　order　to　prevent　these　pirates　from　coming　thither　any　more；　erected　a　camp　there；　where　the　citadel　of　Joppa　had　been；　and　left　a　body　of　horse　in　it；　with　a　few　footmen；　that　these　last　might　stay　there　and　guard　the　camp；　and　the　horsemen　might　spoil　the　country　that　lay　round　it；　and　might　destroy　the　neighboring　villages　and　smaller　cities。　So　these　troops　overran　the　country；　as　they　were　ordered　to　do；　and　every　day　cut　to　pieces　and　laid　desolate　the　whole　region。

5。　But　now；　when　the　fate　of　Jotapata　was　related　at　Jerusalem；　a　great　many　at　the　first　disbelieved　it；　on　account　of　the　vastness　of　the　calamity；　and　because　they　had　no　eye…witness　to　attest　the　truth　of　what　was　related　about　it；　for　not　one　person　was　saved　to　be　a　messenger　of　that　news；　but　a　fame　was　spread　abroad　at　random　that　the　city　was　taken；　as　such　fame　usually　spreads　bad　news　about。　However；　the　truth　was　known　by　degrees；　from　the　places　near　Jotapata；　and　appeared　to　all　to　be　too　true。　Yet　were　there　fictitious　stories　added　to　what　was　really　done；　for　it　was　reported　that　Josephus　was　slain　at　the　taking　of　the　city；　which　piece　of　news　filled　Jerusalem　full　of　sorrow。　In　every　house　also；　and　among　all　to　whom　any　of　the　slain　were　allied；　there　was　a　lamentation　for　them；　but　the　mourning　for　the　commander　was　a　public　one；　and　some　mourned　for　those　that　had　lived　with　them；　others　for　their　kindred；　others　for　their　friends；　and　others　for　their　brethren；　but　all　mourned　for　Josephus；　insomuch　that　the　lamentation　did　not　cease　in　the　city　before　the　thirtieth　day；　and　a　great　many　hired　mourners；（5）　with　their　pipes；　who　should　begin　the　melancholy　ditties　for　them。

6。　But　as　the　truth　came　out　in　time；　it　appeared　how　the　affairs　of　Jotapata　really　stood；　yet　was　it　found　that　the　death　of　Josephus　was　a　fiction；　and　when　they　understood　that　he　was　alive；　and　was　among　the　Romans；　and　that　the　commanders　treated　him　at　another　rate　than　they　treated　captives；　they　were　as　vehemently　angry　at　him　now　as　they　had　showed　their　good…will　before；　when　he　appeared　to　have　been　dead。　He　was　also　abused　by　some　as　having　been　a　coward；　and　by　others　as　a　deserter；　and　the　city　was　full　of　indignation　at　him；　and　of　reproaches　cast　upon　him；　their　rage　was　also　aggravated　by　their　afflictions；　and　more　inflamed　by　their　ill　success；　and　what　usually　becomes　an　occasion　of　caution　to　wise　men；　I　mean　affliction；　became　a　spur　to　them　to　venture　on　further　calamities；　and　the　end　of　one　misery　became　still　the　beginning　of　another；　they　therefore　resolved　to　fall　on　the　Romans　the　more　vehemently；　as　resolving　to　be　revenged　on　him　in　revenging　themselves　on　the　Romans。　And　this　was　the　state　of　Jerusalem　as　to　the　troubles　which　now　came　upon　it。

7。　But　Vespasian；　in　order　to　see　the　kingdom　of　Agrippa；　while　the　king　persuaded　himself　so　to　do；　（partly　in　order　to　his　treating　the　general　and　his　army　in　the　best　and　most　splendid　manner　his　private　affairs　would　enable　him　to　do；　and　partly　that　he　might；　by　their　means；　correct　such　things　as　were　amiss　in　his　government；）　he　removed　from　that　Cesarea　which　was　by　the　sea…side；　and　went　to　that　which　is　called　Cesarea　Philippi　（6）　and　there　he　refreshed　his　army　for　twenty　days；　and　was　himself　feasted　by　king　Agrippa；　where　he　also　returned　public　thanks　to　God　for　the　good　success　he　had　had　in　his　undertakings。　But　as　soon　as　he　was　informed　that　Tiberias　was　fond　of　innovations；　and　that　Tarichere　had　revolted；　both　which　cities　were　parts　of　the　kingdom　of　Agrippa；　and　was　satisfied　within　himself　that　the　Jews　were　every　where　perverted　＇from　their　obedience　to　their　governors＇；　he　thought　it　seasonable　to　make　an　expedition　against　these　cities；　and　that　for　the　sake　of　Agrippa；　and　in　order　to　bring　his　cities　to　reason。　So　he　sent　away　his　son　Titus　to　＇the　other＇　Cesarea；　that　he　might　bring　the　army　that　lay　there　to　Seythopous；　which　is　the　largest　city　of　Decapolis；　and　in　the　neighborhood　of　Tiberias；　whither　he　came；　and　where　he　waited　for　his　son。　He　then　came　with　three　legions；　and　pitched　his　camp　thirty　furlongs　off　Tiberias；　at　a　certain　station　easily　seen　by　the　innovators；　it　is　named　Sennabris。　He　also　sent　Valerian；　a　decurion；　with　fifty　horsemen；　to　speak　peaceably　to　those　that　were　in　the　city；　and　to　exhort　them　to　give　him　assurances　of　their　fidelity；　for　he　had　heard　that　the　people　were　desirous　of　peace；　but　were　obliged　by　some　of　the　seditious　part　to　join　with　them；　and　so　were　forced　to　fight　for　them。　When　Valerian　had　marched　up　to　the　place；　and　was　near　the　wall；　he　alighted　off　his　horse；　and　made　those　that　were　with　him　to　do　the　same；　that　they　might　not　be　thought　to　come　to　skirmish　with　them；　but　before　they　could　come　to　a　discourse　one　with　another；　the　most　potent　men　among　the　seditious　made　a　sally　upon　them　armed；　their　leader　was　one　whose　name　was　Jesus；　the　son　of　Shaphat；　the　principal　head　of　a　band　of　robbers。　Now　Valerian；　neither　thinking　it　safe　to　fight　contrary　to　the　commands　of　the　general；　though　he　were　secure　of　a　victory；　and　knowing　that　it　was　a　very　hazardous　undertaking　for　a　few　to　fight　with　many；　for　those　that　were　unprovided　to　fight　those　that　were　ready；　and　being　on　other　accounts　surprised　at　this　unexpected　onset　of　the　Jews；　he　ran　away　on　foot；　as　did　five　of　the　rest　in　like　manner；　and　left　their　horses　behind　them；　which　horses　Jesus　led　away　into　the　city；　and　rejoiced　as　if　they　had　taken　them　in　battle；　and　not　by　treachery。

8。　Now　the　seniors　of　the　people；　and　such　as　were　of　principal　authority　among　them；　fearing　what　would　be　the　issue　of　this　matter；　fled　to　the　camp　of　the　Romans；　they　then　took　their　king　along　with　them；　and　fell　down　before　Vespasian；　to　supplicate　his　favor；　and　besought　him　not　to　overlook　them；　nor　to　impute　the　madness　of　a　few　to　the　whole　city；　to　spare　a　people　that　have　been　ever　civil　and　obliging　to　the　Romans；　but　to　bring　the　authors　of　this　r