the wars of the jews-µÚ48½Ú
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ens£»¡¡or¡¡by¡¡rivers£»¡¡or¡¡by¡¡lakes£»¡¡yet¡¡have¡¡none¡¡of¡¡these¡¡things¡¡been¡¡found¡¡too¡¡strong¡¡for¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡good¡¡fortune£»¡¡however£»¡¡two¡¡legions¡¡that¡¡lie¡¡in¡¡that¡¡city¡¡are¡¡a¡¡bridle¡¡both¡¡for¡¡the¡¡remoter¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡Egypt£»¡¡and¡¡for¡¡the¡¡parts¡¡inhabited¡¡by¡¡the¡¡more¡¡noble¡¡Macedonians¡£¡¡Where¡¡then¡¡are¡¡those¡¡people¡¡whom¡¡you¡¡are¡¡to¡¡have¡¡for¡¡your¡¡auxiliaries£¿¡¡Must¡¡they¡¡come¡¡from¡¡the¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡¡that¡¡are¡¡uninhabited£¿¡¡for¡¡all¡¡that¡¡are¡¡in¡¡the¡¡habitable¡¡earth¡¡are¡¡£§under¡¡the£§¡¡Romans¡£¡¡Unless¡¡any¡¡of¡¡you¡¡extend¡¡his¡¡hopes¡¡as¡¡far¡¡as¡¡beyond¡¡the¡¡Euphrates£»¡¡and¡¡suppose¡¡that¡¡those¡¡of¡¡your¡¡own¡¡nation¡¡that¡¡dwell¡¡in¡¡Adiabene¡¡will¡¡come¡¡to¡¡your¡¡assistance£»¡¡but¡¡certainly¡¡these¡¡will¡¡not¡¡embarrass¡¡themselves¡¡with¡¡an¡¡unjustifiable¡¡war£»¡¡nor£»¡¡if¡¡they¡¡should¡¡follow¡¡such¡¡ill¡¡advice£»¡¡will¡¡the¡¡Parthians¡¡permit¡¡them¡¡so¡¡to¡¡do£»¡¡for¡¡it¡¡is¡¡their¡¡concern¡¡to¡¡maintain¡¡the¡¡truce¡¡that¡¡is¡¡between¡¡them¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Romans£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡will¡¡be¡¡supposed¡¡to¡¡break¡¡the¡¡covenants¡¡between¡¡them£»¡¡if¡¡any¡¡under¡¡their¡¡government¡¡march¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Romans¡£¡¡What¡¡remains£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡is¡¡this£»¡¡that¡¡you¡¡have¡¡recourse¡¡to¡¡Divine¡¡assistance£»¡¡but¡¡this¡¡is¡¡already¡¡on¡¡the¡¡side¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Romans£»¡¡for¡¡it¡¡is¡¡impossible¡¡that¡¡so¡¡vast¡¡an¡¡empire¡¡should¡¡be¡¡settled¡¡without¡¡God's¡¡providence¡£¡¡Reflect¡¡upon¡¡it£»¡¡how¡¡impossible¡¡it¡¡is¡¡for¡¡your¡¡zealous¡¡observations¡¡of¡¡your¡¡religious¡¡customs¡¡to¡¡be¡¡here¡¡preserved£»¡¡which¡¡are¡¡hard¡¡to¡¡be¡¡observed¡¡even¡¡when¡¡you¡¡fight¡¡with¡¡those¡¡whom¡¡you¡¡are¡¡able¡¡to¡¡conquer£»¡¡and¡¡how¡¡can¡¡you¡¡then¡¡most¡¡of¡¡all¡¡hope¡¡for¡¡God's¡¡assistance£»¡¡when£»¡¡by¡¡being¡¡forced¡¡to¡¡transgress¡¡his¡¡law£»¡¡you¡¡will¡¡make¡¡him¡¡turn¡¡his¡¡face¡¡from¡¡you£¿¡¡and¡¡if¡¡you¡¡do¡¡observe¡¡the¡¡custom¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sabbath¡¡days£»¡¡and¡¡will¡¡not¡¡be¡¡revealed¡¡on¡¡to¡¡do¡¡any¡¡thing¡¡thereon£»¡¡you¡¡will¡¡easily¡¡be¡¡taken£»¡¡as¡¡were¡¡your¡¡forefathers¡¡by¡¡Pompey£»¡¡who¡¡was¡¡the¡¡busiest¡¡in¡¡his¡¡siege¡¡on¡¡those¡¡days¡¡on¡¡which¡¡the¡¡besieged¡¡rested¡£¡¡But¡¡if¡¡in¡¡time¡¡of¡¡war¡¡you¡¡transgress¡¡the¡¡law¡¡of¡¡your¡¡country£»¡¡I¡¡cannot¡¡tell¡¡on¡¡whose¡¡account¡¡you¡¡will¡¡afterward¡¡go¡¡to¡¡war£»¡¡for¡¡your¡¡concern¡¡is¡¡but¡¡one£»¡¡that¡¡you¡¡do¡¡nothing¡¡against¡¡any¡¡of¡¡your¡¡forefathers£»¡¡and¡¡how¡¡will¡¡you¡¡call¡¡upon¡¡God¡¡to¡¡assist¡¡you£»¡¡when¡¡you¡¡are¡¡voluntarily¡¡transgressing¡¡against¡¡his¡¡religion£¿¡¡Now¡¡all¡¡men¡¡that¡¡go¡¡to¡¡war¡¡do¡¡it¡¡either¡¡as¡¡depending¡¡on¡¡Divine¡¡or¡¡on¡¡human¡¡assistance£»¡¡but¡¡since¡¡your¡¡going¡¡to¡¡war¡¡will¡¡cut¡¡off¡¡both¡¡those¡¡assistances£»¡¡those¡¡that¡¡are¡¡for¡¡going¡¡to¡¡war¡¡choose¡¡evident¡¡destruction¡£¡¡What¡¡hinders¡¡you¡¡from¡¡slaying¡¡your¡¡children¡¡and¡¡wives¡¡with¡¡your¡¡own¡¡hands£»¡¡and¡¡burning¡¡this¡¡most¡¡excellent¡¡native¡¡city¡¡of¡¡yours£¿¡¡for¡¡by¡¡this¡¡mad¡¡prank¡¡you¡¡will£»¡¡however£»¡¡escape¡¡the¡¡reproach¡¡of¡¡being¡¡beaten¡£¡¡But¡¡it¡¡were¡¡best£»¡¡O¡¡my¡¡friends£»¡¡it¡¡were¡¡best£»¡¡while¡¡the¡¡vessel¡¡is¡¡still¡¡in¡¡the¡¡haven£»¡¡to¡¡foresee¡¡the¡¡impending¡¡storm£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡to¡¡set¡¡sail¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡port¡¡into¡¡the¡¡middle¡¡of¡¡the¡¡hurricanes£»¡¡for¡¡we¡¡justly¡¡pity¡¡those¡¡who¡¡fall¡¡into¡¡great¡¡misfortunes¡¡without¡¡fore¡seeing¡¡them£»¡¡but¡¡for¡¡him¡¡who¡¡rushes¡¡into¡¡manifest¡¡ruin£»¡¡he¡¡gains¡¡reproaches¡¡£§instead¡¡of¡¡commiseration£§¡£¡¡But¡¡certainly¡¡no¡¡one¡¡can¡¡imagine¡¡that¡¡you¡¡can¡¡enter¡¡into¡¡a¡¡war¡¡as¡¡by¡¡agreement£»¡¡or¡¡that¡¡when¡¡the¡¡Romans¡¡have¡¡got¡¡you¡¡under¡¡their¡¡power£»¡¡they¡¡will¡¡use¡¡you¡¡with¡¡moderation£»¡¡or¡¡will¡¡not¡¡rather£»¡¡for¡¡an¡¡example¡¡to¡¡other¡¡nations£»¡¡burn¡¡your¡¡holy¡¡city£»¡¡and¡¡utterly¡¡destroy¡¡your¡¡whole¡¡nation£»¡¡for¡¡those¡¡of¡¡you¡¡who¡¡shall¡¡survive¡¡the¡¡war¡¡will¡¡not¡¡be¡¡able¡¡to¡¡find¡¡a¡¡place¡¡whither¡¡to¡¡flee£»¡¡since¡¡all¡¡men¡¡have¡¡the¡¡Romans¡¡for¡¡their¡¡lords¡¡already£»¡¡or¡¡are¡¡afraid¡¡they¡¡shall¡¡have¡¡hereafter¡£¡¡Nay£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡the¡¡danger¡¡concerns¡¡not¡¡those¡¡Jews¡¡that¡¡dwell¡¡here¡¡only£»¡¡but¡¡those¡¡of¡¡them¡¡which¡¡dwell¡¡in¡¡other¡¡cities¡¡also£»¡¡for¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡people¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡habitable¡¡earth¡¡which¡¡have¡¡not¡¡some¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡you¡¡among¡¡them£»¡¡whom¡¡your¡¡enemies¡¡will¡¡slay£»¡¡in¡¡case¡¡you¡¡go¡¡to¡¡war£»¡¡and¡¡on¡¡that¡¡account¡¡also£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡every¡¡city¡¡which¡¡hath¡¡Jews¡¡in¡¡it¡¡will¡¡be¡¡filled¡¡with¡¡slaughter¡¡for¡¡the¡¡sake¡¡of¡¡a¡¡few¡¡men£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡who¡¡slay¡¡them¡¡will¡¡be¡¡pardoned£»¡¡but¡¡if¡¡that¡¡slaughter¡¡be¡¡not¡¡made¡¡by¡¡them£»¡¡consider¡¡how¡¡wicked¡¡a¡¡thing¡¡it¡¡is¡¡to¡¡take¡¡arms¡¡against¡¡those¡¡that¡¡are¡¡so¡¡kind¡¡to¡¡you¡£¡¡Have¡¡pity£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡if¡¡not¡¡on¡¡your¡¡children¡¡and¡¡wives£»¡¡yet¡¡upon¡¡this¡¡your¡¡metropolis£»¡¡and¡¡its¡¡sacred¡¡walls£»¡¡spare¡¡the¡¡temple£»¡¡and¡¡preserve¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡house£»¡¡with¡¡its¡¡holy¡¡furniture£»¡¡for¡¡yourselves£»¡¡for¡¡if¡¡the¡¡Romans¡¡get¡¡you¡¡under¡¡their¡¡power£»¡¡they¡¡will¡¡no¡¡longer¡¡abstain¡¡from¡¡them£»¡¡when¡¡their¡¡former¡¡abstinence¡¡shall¡¡have¡¡been¡¡so¡¡ungratefully¡¡requited¡£¡¡I¡¡call¡¡to¡¡witness¡¡your¡¡sanctuary£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡angels¡¡of¡¡God£»¡¡and¡¡this¡¡country¡¡common¡¡to¡¡us¡¡all£»¡¡that¡¡I¡¡have¡¡not¡¡kept¡¡back¡¡any¡¡thing¡¡that¡¡is¡¡for¡¡your¡¡preservation£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡you¡¡will¡¡follow¡¡that¡¡advice¡¡which¡¡you¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡do£»¡¡you¡¡will¡¡have¡¡that¡¡peace¡¡which¡¡will¡¡be¡¡common¡¡to¡¡you¡¡and¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡but¡¡if¡¡you¡¡indulge¡¡four¡¡passions£»¡¡you¡¡will¡¡run¡¡those¡¡hazards¡¡which¡¡I¡¡shall¡¡be¡¡free¡¡from¡£¡¨
5¡£¡¡When¡¡Agrippa¡¡had¡¡spoken¡¡thus£»¡¡both¡¡he¡¡and¡¡his¡¡sister¡¡wept£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡their¡¡tears¡¡repressed¡¡a¡¡great¡¡deal¡¡of¡¡the¡¡violence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people£»¡¡but¡¡still¡¡they¡¡cried¡¡out£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡would¡¡not¡¡fight¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Romans£»¡¡but¡¡against¡¡Florus£»¡¡on¡¡account¡¡of¡¡what¡¡they¡¡had¡¡suffered¡¡by¡¡his¡¡means¡£¡¡To¡¡which¡¡Agrippa¡¡replied£»¡¡that¡¡what¡¡they¡¡had¡¡already¡¡done¡¡was¡¡like¡¡such¡¡as¡¡make¡¡war¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Romans£»¡¡¡¨for¡¡you¡¡have¡¡not¡¡paid¡¡the¡¡tribute¡¡which¡¡is¡¡due¡¡to¡¡Caesar¡¡£¨25£©¡¡and¡¡you¡¡have¡¡cut¡¡off¡¡the¡¡cloisters¡¡£§of¡¡the¡¡temple£§¡¡from¡¡joining¡¡to¡¡the¡¡tower¡¡Antonia¡£¡¡You¡¡will¡¡therefore¡¡prevent¡¡any¡¡occasion¡¡of¡¡revolt¡¡if¡¡you¡¡will¡¡but¡¡join¡¡these¡¡together¡¡again£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡you¡¡will¡¡but¡¡pay¡¡your¡¡tribute£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡citadel¡¡does¡¡not¡¡now¡¡belong¡¡to¡¡Florus£»¡¡nor¡¡are¡¡you¡¡to¡¡pay¡¡the¡¡tribute¡¡money¡¡to¡¡Florus¡£¡¨
CHAPTER¡¡17¡£
How¡¡The¡¡War¡¡Of¡¡The¡¡Jews¡¡With¡¡The¡¡Romans¡¡Began£»¡¡And¡¡Concerning¡¡Manahem¡£
1¡£¡¡This¡¡advice¡¡the¡¡people¡¡hearkened¡¡to£»¡¡and¡¡went¡¡up¡¡into¡¡the¡¡temple¡¡with¡¡the¡¡king¡¡and¡¡Bernice£»¡¡and¡¡began¡¡to¡¡rebuild¡¡the¡¡cloisters£»¡¡the¡¡rulers¡¡also¡¡and¡¡senators¡¡divided¡¡themselves¡¡into¡¡the¡¡villages£»¡¡and¡¡collected¡¡the¡¡tributes£»¡¡and¡¡soon¡¡got¡¡together¡¡forty¡¡talents£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡the¡¡sum¡¡that¡¡was¡¡deficient¡£¡¡And¡¡thus¡¡did¡¡Agrippa¡¡then¡¡put¡¡a¡¡stop¡¡to¡¡that¡¡war¡¡which¡¡was¡¡threatened¡£¡¡Moreover£»¡¡he¡¡attempted¡¡to¡¡persuade¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡to¡¡obey¡¡Florus£»¡¡until¡¡Caesar¡¡should¡¡send¡¡one¡¡to¡¡succeed¡¡him£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡were¡¡hereby¡¡more¡¡provoked£»¡¡and¡¡cast¡¡reproaches¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡king£»¡¡and¡¡got¡¡him¡¡excluded¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡nay£»¡¡some¡¡of¡¡the¡¡seditious¡¡had¡¡the¡¡impudence¡¡to¡¡throw¡¡stones¡¡at¡¡him¡£¡¡So¡¡when¡¡the¡¡king¡¡saw¡¡that¡¡the¡¡violence¡¡of¡¡those¡¡that¡¡were¡¡for¡¡innovations¡¡was¡¡not¡¡to¡¡be¡¡restrained£»¡¡and¡¡being¡¡very¡¡angry¡¡at¡¡the¡¡contumelies¡¡he¡¡had¡¡received£»¡¡he¡¡sent¡¡their¡¡rulers£»¡¡together¡¡with¡¡their¡¡men¡¡of¡¡power£»¡¡to¡¡Florus£»¡¡to¡¡Cesarea£»¡¡that¡¡he¡¡might¡¡appoint¡¡whom¡¡he¡¡thought¡¡fit¡¡to¡¡collect¡¡the¡¡tribute¡¡in¡¡the¡¡country£»¡¡while¡¡he¡¡retired¡¡into¡¡his¡¡own¡¡kingdom¡£
2¡£¡¡And¡¡at¡¡this¡¡time¡¡it¡¡was¡¡that¡¡some¡¡of¡¡those¡¡that¡¡principally¡¡excited¡¡the¡¡people¡¡to¡¡go¡¡to¡¡war¡¡made¡¡an¡¡assault¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡fortress¡¡called¡¡Masada¡£¡¡They¡¡took¡¡it¡¡by¡¡treachery£»¡¡and¡¡slew¡¡the¡¡Romans¡¡that¡¡were¡¡there£»¡¡and¡¡put¡¡others¡¡of¡¡their¡¡own¡¡party¡¡to¡¡keep¡¡it¡£¡¡At¡¡the¡¡same¡¡time¡¡Eleazar£»¡¡the¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Ananias¡¡the¡¡high¡¡priest£»¡¡a¡¡very¡¡bold¡¡youth£»¡¡who¡¡was¡¡at¡¡that¡¡time¡¡governor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡temple£»¡¡persuaded¡¡those¡¡that¡¡officiated¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Divine¡¡service¡¡to¡¡receive¡¡no¡¡gift¡¡or¡¡sacrifice¡¡for¡¡any¡¡foreigner¡£¡¡And¡¡this¡¡was¡¡the¡¡true¡¡beginning¡¡of¡¡our¡¡war¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Romans£»¡¡for¡¡they¡¡rejected¡¡the¡¡sacrifice¡¡of¡¡Caesar¡¡on¡¡this¡¡account£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡many¡¡of¡¡the¡¡high¡¡priests¡¡and¡¡principal¡¡men¡¡besought¡¡them¡¡not¡¡to¡¡omit¡¡the¡¡sacrifice£»¡¡which¡¡it¡¡was¡¡customary¡¡for¡¡them¡¡to¡¡offer¡¡for¡¡their¡¡princes£»¡¡they¡¡would¡¡not¡¡be¡¡prevailed¡¡upon¡£¡¡These¡¡relied¡¡much¡¡upon¡¡their¡¡multitude£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡most¡¡flourishing¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡innovators¡¡assisted¡¡them£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡had¡¡the¡¡chief¡¡regard¡¡to¡¡Eleazar£»¡¡the¡¡governor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡temple¡£
3¡£¡¡Hereupon¡¡the¡¡men¡¡of¡¡power¡¡got¡¡together£»¡¡and¡¡conferred¡¡with¡¡the¡¡high¡¡priests£»¡¡as¡¡did¡¡also¡¡the¡¡principal¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Pharisees£»¡¡and¡¡thinking¡¡all¡¡was¡¡at¡¡stake£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡their¡¡calamities¡¡were¡¡becoming¡¡incurable£»¡¡took¡¡counsel¡¡what¡¡was¡¡to¡¡be¡¡done¡£¡¡Accordingly£»¡¡they¡¡determined¡¡to¡¡try¡¡what¡¡they¡¡could¡¡do¡¡with¡¡the¡¡seditious¡¡by¡¡words£»¡¡and¡¡assembled¡¡the¡¡people¡¡before¡¡the¡¡brazen¡¡gate£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡that¡¡gate¡¡of¡¡the¡¡inner¡¡temple¡¡£§court¡¡of¡¡the¡¡priests£§¡¡which¡¡looked¡¡toward¡¡the¡¡sun¡rising¡£¡¡And£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡first¡¡place£»¡¡they¡¡showed¡¡the¡¡great¡¡indignation¡¡they¡¡had¡¡at¡¡this¡¡attempt¡¡for¡¡a¡¡revolt£»¡¡and¡¡for¡¡their¡¡bringing¡¡so¡¡great¡¡a¡¡war¡¡upon¡¡their¡¡country£»¡¡after¡¡which¡¡they¡¡confuted¡¡their¡¡pretense¡¡as¡¡unjustifiable£»¡¡and¡¡told¡¡them¡¡that¡¡their¡¡forefathers¡¡had¡¡adorned¡¡their¡¡temple¡¡in¡¡great¡¡part¡¡with¡¡donations¡¡bestowed¡¡on¡¡them¡¡by¡¡foreigners£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡always¡¡received¡¡what¡¡had¡¡been¡¡presented¡¡to¡¡them¡¡from¡¡foreign¡¡nations£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡they¡¡had¡¡been¡¡so¡¡far¡¡from¡¡rejecting¡¡any¡¡person's¡¡sacrifice¡¡£¨which¡¡would¡¡be¡¡the¡¡highest¡¡instance¡¡of¡¡impiety£»£©¡¡that¡¡they¡¡had¡¡themselves¡¡placed¡¡those¡¡donation¡¡about¡¡the¡¡temple¡¡which¡¡were¡¡still¡¡visible£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡remained¡¡there¡¡so¡¡long¡¡a¡¡time£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡did¡¡now¡¡irritate¡¡the¡¡Romans¡¡to¡¡take¡¡arms¡¡against¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡invited¡¡them¡¡to¡¡make¡¡war¡¡upon¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡brought¡¡up¡¡novel¡¡rules¡¡of¡¡a¡¡strange¡¡Divine¡¡worship£»¡¡and¡¡determined¡¡to¡¡run¡¡the¡¡hazard¡¡of¡¡having¡¡their¡¡city¡¡condemned¡¡for¡¡impiety£»¡¡while¡¡they¡¡would¡¡not¡¡allow¡¡any¡¡foreigner£»¡¡but¡¡Jews¡¡only£»¡¡either¡¡to¡¡sacrifice¡¡or¡¡to¡¡worship¡¡therein¡£¡¡And¡¡if¡¡such¡¡a¡¡law¡¡should¡¡be¡¡introduced¡¡in¡¡the¡¡case¡¡of¡¡a¡¡single¡¡private¡¡person¡¡only£»¡¡he¡¡would¡¡have¡¡indignation¡¡at¡¡it£»¡¡as¡¡an¡¡instance¡¡of¡¡inhumanity¡¡determined¡¡against¡¡him£»¡¡while¡¡they¡¡have¡¡no¡¡regard¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Romans¡¡or¡¡to¡¡Caesar£»¡¡and¡¡forbid¡¡even¡¡their¡¡oblations¡¡to¡¡be¡¡received¡¡also£»¡¡that¡¡however¡¡they¡¡cannot¡¡but¡¡fear£»¡¡lest£»¡¡by¡¡thus¡¡rejecting¡¡