the wars of the jews-µÚ45½Ú
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CHAPTER¡¡15¡£
Concerning¡¡Bernice's¡¡Petition¡¡To¡¡Florus£»¡¡To¡¡Spare¡¡The¡¡Jews£»¡¡But¡¡In¡¡Vain£»¡¡As¡¡Also¡¡How£»¡¡After¡¡The¡¡Seditious¡¡Flame¡¡Was¡¡Quenched£»¡¡It¡¡Was¡¡Kindled¡¡Again¡¡By¡¡Florus¡£
1¡£¡¡About¡¡this¡¡very¡¡time¡¡king¡¡Agrippa¡¡was¡¡going¡¡to¡¡Alexandria£»¡¡to¡¡congratulate¡¡Alexander¡¡upon¡¡his¡¡having¡¡obtained¡¡the¡¡government¡¡of¡¡Egypt¡¡from¡¡Nero£»¡¡but¡¡as¡¡his¡¡sister¡¡Bernice¡¡was¡¡come¡¡to¡¡Jerusalem£»¡¡and¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡wicked¡¡practices¡¡of¡¡the¡¡soldiers£»¡¡she¡¡was¡¡sorely¡¡affected¡¡at¡¡it£»¡¡and¡¡frequently¡¡sent¡¡the¡¡masters¡¡of¡¡her¡¡horse¡¡and¡¡her¡¡guards¡¡to¡¡Florus£»¡¡and¡¡begged¡¡of¡¡him¡¡to¡¡leave¡¡off¡¡these¡¡slaughters£»¡¡but¡¡he¡¡would¡¡not¡¡comply¡¡with¡¡her¡¡request£»¡¡nor¡¡have¡¡any¡¡regard¡¡either¡¡to¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡of¡¡those¡¡already¡¡slain£»¡¡or¡¡to¡¡the¡¡nobility¡¡of¡¡her¡¡that¡¡interceded£»¡¡but¡¡only¡¡to¡¡the¡¡advantage¡¡he¡¡should¡¡make¡¡by¡¡this¡¡plundering£»¡¡nay£»¡¡this¡¡violence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡soldiers¡¡brake¡¡out¡¡to¡¡such¡¡a¡¡degree¡¡of¡¡madness£»¡¡that¡¡it¡¡spent¡¡itself¡¡on¡¡the¡¡queen¡¡herself£»¡¡for¡¡they¡¡did¡¡not¡¡only¡¡torment¡¡and¡¡destroy¡¡those¡¡whom¡¡they¡¡had¡¡caught¡¡under¡¡her¡¡very¡¡eyes£»¡¡but¡¡indeed¡¡had¡¡killed¡¡herself¡¡also£»¡¡unless¡¡she¡¡had¡¡prevented¡¡them¡¡by¡¡flying¡¡to¡¡the¡¡palace£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡staid¡¡there¡¡all¡¡night¡¡with¡¡her¡¡guards£»¡¡which¡¡she¡¡had¡¡about¡¡her¡¡for¡¡fear¡¡of¡¡an¡¡insult¡¡from¡¡the¡¡soldiers¡£¡¡Now¡¡she¡¡dwelt¡¡then¡¡at¡¡Jerusalem£»¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡perform¡¡a¡¡vow¡¡£¨22£©¡¡which¡¡she¡¡had¡¡made¡¡to¡¡God£»¡¡for¡¡it¡¡is¡¡usual¡¡with¡¡those¡¡that¡¡had¡¡been¡¡either¡¡afflicted¡¡with¡¡a¡¡distemper£»¡¡or¡¡with¡¡any¡¡other¡¡distresses£»¡¡to¡¡make¡¡vows£»¡¡and¡¡for¡¡thirty¡¡days¡¡before¡¡they¡¡are¡¡to¡¡offer¡¡their¡¡sacrifices£»¡¡to¡¡abstain¡¡from¡¡wine£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡shave¡¡the¡¡hair¡¡of¡¡their¡¡head¡£¡¡Which¡¡things¡¡Bernice¡¡was¡¡now¡¡performing£»¡¡and¡¡stood¡¡barefoot¡¡before¡¡Florus's¡¡tribunal£»¡¡and¡¡besought¡¡him¡¡£§to¡¡spare¡¡the¡¡Jews£§¡£¡¡Yet¡¡could¡¡she¡¡neither¡¡have¡¡any¡¡reverence¡¡paid¡¡to¡¡her£»¡¡nor¡¡could¡¡she¡¡escape¡¡without¡¡some¡¡danger¡¡of¡¡being¡¡slain¡¡herself¡£
2¡£¡¡This¡¡happened¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡sixteenth¡¡day¡¡of¡¡the¡¡month¡¡Artemisius¡¡£§Jyar£§¡£¡¡Now£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡next¡¡day£»¡¡the¡¡multitude£»¡¡who¡¡were¡¡in¡¡a¡¡great¡¡agony£»¡¡ran¡¡together¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Upper¡¡Market¡place£»¡¡and¡¡made¡¡the¡¡loudest¡¡lamentations¡¡for¡¡those¡¡that¡¡had¡¡perished£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡greatest¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡cries¡¡were¡¡such¡¡as¡¡reflected¡¡on¡¡Florus£»¡¡at¡¡which¡¡the¡¡men¡¡of¡¡power¡¡were¡¡aftrighted£»¡¡together¡¡with¡¡the¡¡high¡¡priests£»¡¡and¡¡rent¡¡their¡¡garments£»¡¡and¡¡fell¡¡down¡¡before¡¡each¡¡of¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡besought¡¡them¡¡to¡¡leave¡¡off£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡to¡¡provoke¡¡Florus¡¡to¡¡some¡¡incurable¡¡procedure£»¡¡besides¡¡what¡¡they¡¡had¡¡already¡¡suffered¡£¡¡Accordingly£»¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡complied¡¡immediately£»¡¡out¡¡of¡¡reverence¡¡to¡¡those¡¡that¡¡had¡¡desired¡¡it¡¡of¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡hope¡¡they¡¡had¡¡that¡¡Florus¡¡would¡¡do¡¡them¡¡no¡¡more¡¡injuries¡£
3¡£¡¡So¡¡Florus¡¡was¡¡troubled¡¡that¡¡the¡¡disturbances¡¡were¡¡over£»¡¡and¡¡endeavored¡¡to¡¡kindle¡¡that¡¡flame¡¡again£»¡¡and¡¡sent¡¡for¡¡the¡¡high¡¡priests£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡other¡¡eminent¡¡persons£»¡¡and¡¡said¡¡the¡¡only¡¡demonstration¡¡that¡¡the¡¡people¡¡would¡¡not¡¡make¡¡any¡¡other¡¡innovations¡¡should¡¡be¡¡this£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡must¡¡go¡¡out¡¡and¡¡meet¡¡the¡¡soldiers¡¡that¡¡were¡¡ascending¡¡from¡¡Cesarea£»¡¡whence¡¡two¡¡cohorts¡¡were¡¡coming£»¡¡and¡¡while¡¡these¡¡men¡¡were¡¡exhorting¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡so¡¡to¡¡do£»¡¡he¡¡sent¡¡beforehand£»¡¡and¡¡gave¡¡directions¡¡to¡¡the¡¡centurions¡¡of¡¡the¡¡cohorts£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡should¡¡give¡¡notice¡¡to¡¡those¡¡that¡¡were¡¡under¡¡them¡¡not¡¡to¡¡return¡¡the¡¡Jews'¡¡salutations£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡if¡¡they¡¡made¡¡any¡¡reply¡¡to¡¡his¡¡disadvantage£»¡¡they¡¡should¡¡make¡¡use¡¡of¡¡their¡¡weapons¡£¡¡Now¡¡the¡¡high¡¡priests¡¡assembled¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡in¡¡the¡¡temple£»¡¡and¡¡desired¡¡them¡¡to¡¡go¡¡and¡¡meet¡¡the¡¡Romans£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡salute¡¡the¡¡cohorts¡¡very¡¡civilly£»¡¡before¡¡their¡¡miserable¡¡case¡¡should¡¡become¡¡incurable¡£¡¡Now¡¡the¡¡seditious¡¡part¡¡would¡¡not¡¡comply¡¡with¡¡these¡¡persuasions£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡consideration¡¡of¡¡those¡¡that¡¡had¡¡been¡¡destroyed¡¡made¡¡them¡¡incline¡¡to¡¡those¡¡that¡¡were¡¡the¡¡boldest¡¡for¡¡action¡£
4¡£¡¡At¡¡this¡¡time¡¡it¡¡was¡¡that¡¡every¡¡priest£»¡¡and¡¡every¡¡servant¡¡of¡¡God£»¡¡brought¡¡out¡¡the¡¡holy¡¡vessels£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡ornamental¡¡garments¡¡wherein¡¡they¡¡used¡¡to¡¡minister¡¡in¡¡sacred¡¡things¡£¡¡The¡¡harpers¡¡also£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡singers¡¡of¡¡hymns£»¡¡came¡¡out¡¡with¡¡their¡¡instruments¡¡of¡¡music£»¡¡and¡¡fell¡¡down¡¡before¡¡the¡¡multitude£»¡¡and¡¡begged¡¡of¡¡them¡¡that¡¡they¡¡would¡¡preserve¡¡those¡¡holy¡¡ornaments¡¡to¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡provoke¡¡the¡¡Romans¡¡to¡¡carry¡¡off¡¡those¡¡sacred¡¡treasures¡£¡¡You¡¡might¡¡also¡¡see¡¡then¡¡the¡¡high¡¡priests¡¡themselves£»¡¡with¡¡dust¡¡sprinkled¡¡in¡¡great¡¡plenty¡¡upon¡¡their¡¡heads£»¡¡with¡¡bosoms¡¡deprived¡¡of¡¡any¡¡covering¡¡but¡¡what¡¡was¡¡rent£»¡¡these¡¡besought¡¡every¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡eminent¡¡men¡¡by¡¡name£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡in¡¡common£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡would¡¡not¡¡for¡¡a¡¡small¡¡offense¡¡betray¡¡their¡¡country¡¡to¡¡those¡¡that¡¡were¡¡desirous¡¡to¡¡have¡¡it¡¡laid¡¡waste£»¡¡saying£»¡¡¡¨What¡¡benefit¡¡will¡¡it¡¡bring¡¡to¡¡the¡¡soldiers¡¡to¡¡have¡¡a¡¡salutation¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Jews£¿¡¡or¡¡what¡¡amendment¡¡of¡¡your¡¡affairs¡¡will¡¡it¡¡bring¡¡you£»¡¡if¡¡you¡¡do¡¡not¡¡now¡¡go¡¡out¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡them£¿¡¡and¡¡that¡¡if¡¡they¡¡saluted¡¡them¡¡civilly£»¡¡all¡¡handle¡¡would¡¡be¡¡cut¡¡off¡¡from¡¡Florus¡¡to¡¡begin¡¡a¡¡war£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡should¡¡thereby¡¡gain¡¡their¡¡country£»¡¡and¡¡freedom¡¡from¡¡all¡¡further¡¡sufferings£»¡¡and¡¡that£»¡¡besides£»¡¡it¡¡would¡¡be¡¡a¡¡sign¡¡of¡¡great¡¡want¡¡of¡¡command¡¡of¡¡themselves£»¡¡if¡¡they¡¡should¡¡yield¡¡to¡¡a¡¡few¡¡seditious¡¡persons£»¡¡while¡¡it¡¡was¡¡fitter¡¡for¡¡them¡¡who¡¡were¡¡so¡¡great¡¡a¡¡people¡¡to¡¡force¡¡the¡¡others¡¡to¡¡act¡¡soberly¡£¡¨
5¡£¡¡By¡¡these¡¡persuasions£»¡¡which¡¡they¡¡used¡¡to¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡and¡¡to¡¡the¡¡seditious£»¡¡they¡¡restrained¡¡some¡¡by¡¡threatenings£»¡¡and¡¡others¡¡by¡¡the¡¡reverence¡¡that¡¡was¡¡paid¡¡them¡£¡¡After¡¡this¡¡they¡¡led¡¡them¡¡out£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡met¡¡the¡¡soldiers¡¡quietly£»¡¡and¡¡after¡¡a¡¡composed¡¡manner£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡they¡¡were¡¡come¡¡up¡¡with¡¡them£»¡¡they¡¡saluted¡¡them£»¡¡but¡¡when¡¡they¡¡made¡¡no¡¡answer£»¡¡the¡¡seditious¡¡exclaimed¡¡against¡¡Florus£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡the¡¡signal¡¡given¡¡for¡¡falling¡¡upon¡¡them¡£¡¡The¡¡soldiers¡¡therefore¡¡encompassed¡¡them¡¡presently£»¡¡and¡¡struck¡¡them¡¡with¡¡their¡¡clubs£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡they¡¡fled¡¡away£»¡¡the¡¡horsemen¡¡trampled¡¡them¡¡down£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡a¡¡great¡¡many¡¡fell¡¡down¡¡dead¡¡by¡¡the¡¡strokes¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Romans£»¡¡and¡¡more¡¡by¡¡their¡¡own¡¡violence¡¡in¡¡crushing¡¡one¡¡another¡£¡¡Now¡¡there¡¡was¡¡a¡¡terrible¡¡crowding¡¡about¡¡the¡¡gates£»¡¡and¡¡while¡¡every¡¡body¡¡was¡¡making¡¡haste¡¡to¡¡get¡¡before¡¡another£»¡¡the¡¡flight¡¡of¡¡them¡¡all¡¡was¡¡retarded£»¡¡and¡¡a¡¡terrible¡¡destruction¡¡there¡¡was¡¡among¡¡those¡¡that¡¡fell¡¡down£»¡¡for¡¡they¡¡were¡¡suffocated£»¡¡an¡¡broken¡¡to¡¡pieces¡¡by¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡of¡¡those¡¡that¡¡were¡¡uppermost£»¡¡nor¡¡could¡¡any¡¡of¡¡them¡¡be¡¡distinguished¡¡by¡¡his¡¡relations¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡the¡¡care¡¡of¡¡his¡¡funeral£»¡¡the¡¡soldiers¡¡also¡¡who¡¡beat¡¡them£»¡¡fell¡¡upon¡¡those¡¡whom¡¡they¡¡overtook£»¡¡without¡¡showing¡¡them¡¡any¡¡mercy£»¡¡and¡¡thrust¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡through¡¡the¡¡place¡¡called¡¡Bezetha£»¡¡£¨23£©¡¡as¡¡they¡¡forced¡¡their¡¡way£»¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡get¡¡in¡¡and¡¡seize¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡temple£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡tower¡¡Antonia¡£¡¡Florus¡¡also¡¡being¡¡desirous¡¡to¡¡get¡¡those¡¡places¡¡into¡¡his¡¡possession£»¡¡brought¡¡such¡¡as¡¡were¡¡with¡¡him¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡king's¡¡palace£»¡¡and¡¡would¡¡have¡¡compelled¡¡them¡¡to¡¡get¡¡as¡¡far¡¡as¡¡the¡¡citadel¡¡£§Antonia£»£§¡¡but¡¡his¡¡attempt¡¡failed£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡people¡¡immediately¡¡turned¡¡back¡¡upon¡¡him£»¡¡and¡¡stopped¡¡the¡¡violence¡¡of¡¡his¡¡attempt£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡they¡¡stood¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡tops¡¡of¡¡their¡¡houses£»¡¡they¡¡threw¡¡their¡¡darts¡¡at¡¡the¡¡Romans£»¡¡who£»¡¡as¡¡they¡¡were¡¡sorely¡¡galled¡¡thereby£»¡¡because¡¡those¡¡weapons¡¡came¡¡from¡¡above£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡were¡¡not¡¡able¡¡to¡¡make¡¡a¡¡passage¡¡through¡¡the¡¡multitude£»¡¡which¡¡stopped¡¡up¡¡the¡¡narrow¡¡passages£»¡¡they¡¡retired¡¡to¡¡the¡¡camp¡¡which¡¡was¡¡at¡¡the¡¡palace¡£
6¡£¡¡But¡¡for¡¡the¡¡seditious£»¡¡they¡¡were¡¡afraid¡¡lest¡¡Florus¡¡should¡¡come¡¡again£»¡¡and¡¡get¡¡possession¡¡of¡¡the¡¡temple£»¡¡through¡¡Antonia£»¡¡so¡¡they¡¡got¡¡immediately¡¡upon¡¡those¡¡cloisters¡¡of¡¡the¡¡temple¡¡that¡¡joined¡¡to¡¡Antonia£»¡¡and¡¡cut¡¡them¡¡down¡£¡¡This¡¡cooled¡¡the¡¡avarice¡¡of¡¡Florus£»¡¡for¡¡whereas¡¡he¡¡was¡¡eager¡¡to¡¡obtain¡¡the¡¡treasures¡¡of¡¡God¡¡£§in¡¡the¡¡temple£§£»¡¡and¡¡on¡¡that¡¡account¡¡was¡¡desirous¡¡of¡¡getting¡¡into¡¡Antonia£»¡¡as¡¡soon¡¡as¡¡the¡¡cloisters¡¡were¡¡broken¡¡down£»¡¡he¡¡left¡¡off¡¡his¡¡attempt£»¡¡he¡¡then¡¡sent¡¡for¡¡the¡¡high¡¡priests¡¡and¡¡the¡¡sanhedrim£»¡¡and¡¡told¡¡them¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡indeed¡¡himself¡¡going¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡but¡¡that¡¡he¡¡would¡¡leave¡¡them¡¡as¡¡large¡¡a¡¡garrison¡¡as¡¡they¡¡should¡¡desire¡£¡¡Hereupon¡¡they¡¡promised¡¡that¡¡they¡¡would¡¡make¡¡no¡¡innovations£»¡¡in¡¡case¡¡he¡¡would¡¡leave¡¡them¡¡one¡¡band£»¡¡but¡¡not¡¡that¡¡which¡¡had¡¡fought¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Jews£»¡¡because¡¡the¡¡multitude¡¡bore¡¡ill¡will¡¡against¡¡that¡¡band¡¡on¡¡account¡¡of¡¡what¡¡they¡¡had¡¡suffered¡¡from¡¡it£»¡¡so¡¡he¡¡changed¡¡the¡¡band¡¡as¡¡they¡¡desired£»¡¡and£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡rest¡¡of¡¡his¡¡forces£»¡¡returned¡¡to¡¡Cesarea¡£
CHAPTER¡¡16¡£
Cestius¡¡Sends¡¡Neopolitanus¡¡The¡¡Tribune¡¡To¡¡See¡¡In¡¡What¡¡Condition¡¡The¡¡Affairs¡¡Of¡¡The¡¡Jews¡¡Were¡£¡¡Agrippa¡¡Makes¡¡A¡¡Speech¡¡To¡¡The¡¡People¡¡Of¡¡The¡¡Jews¡¡That¡¡He¡¡May¡¡Divert¡¡Them¡¡From¡¡Their¡¡Intentions¡¡Of¡¡Making¡¡War¡¡With¡¡The¡¡Romans¡£
1¡£¡¡However£»¡¡Florus¡¡contrived¡¡another¡¡way¡¡to¡¡oblige¡¡the¡¡Jews¡¡to¡¡begin¡¡the¡¡war£»¡¡and¡¡sent¡¡to¡¡Cestius£»¡¡and¡¡accused¡¡the¡¡Jews¡¡falsely¡¡of¡¡revolting¡¡£§from¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡government£§£»¡¡and¡¡imputed¡¡the¡¡beginning¡¡of¡¡the¡¡former¡¡fight¡¡to¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡pretended¡¡they¡¡had¡¡been¡¡the¡¡authors¡¡of¡¡that¡¡disturbance£»¡¡wherein¡¡they¡¡were¡¡only¡¡the¡¡sufferers¡£¡¡Yet¡¡were¡¡not¡¡the¡¡governors¡¡of¡¡Jerusalem¡¡silent¡¡upon¡¡this¡¡occasion£»¡¡but¡¡did¡¡themselves¡¡write¡¡to¡¡Cestius£»¡¡as¡¡did¡¡Bernice¡¡also£»¡¡about¡¡the¡¡illegal¡¡practices¡¡of¡¡which¡¡Florus¡¡had¡¡been¡¡guilty¡¡against¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡who£»¡¡upon¡¡reading¡¡both¡¡accounts£»¡¡consulted¡¡with¡¡his¡¡capt