the zincali-第68节
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extracts were given in the first edition of the present work。
（30） O Ali！ O Mahomet！ … God is God！ … A Turkish war…cry。
（31） Gen。 xlix。 22。
（32） In the original there is a play on words。 … It is not
necessary to enter into particulars farther than to observe that in
the Hebrew language 'ain' means a well； and likewise an eye。
（33） Gen。 xlviii。 16。 In the English version the exact sense of
the inspired original is not conveyed。 The descendants of Joseph
are to increase like fish。
（34） Exodus； chap。 xii。 v。 37； 38。
（35） Quinones； p。 11。
（36） The writer will by no means answer for the truth of these
statements respecting Gypsy marriages。
（37） This statement is incorrect。
（38） The Torlaquis （idle vagabonds）； Hadgies （saints）； and
Dervishes （mendicant friars） of the East； are Gypsies neither by
origin nor habits； but are in general people who support themselves
in idleness by practising upon the credulity and superstition of
the Moslems。
（39） In the Moorish Arabic； ＇Arabic text which cannot be
reproduced＇ … or reus al haramin； the literal meaning being； 'heads
or captains of thieves。'
（40） A favourite saying amongst this class of people is the
following： 'Es preciso que cada uno coma de su oficio'； I。E。 every
one must live by his trade。
（41） For the above well…drawn character of Charles the Third I am
indebted to the pen of Louis de Usoz y Rio； my coadjutor in the
editing of the New Testament in Spanish （Madrid； 1837）。 For a
further account of this gentleman； the reader is referred to THE
BIBLE IN SPAIN； preface； p。 xxii。
（42） Steal a horse。
（43） The lame devil： Asmodeus。
（44） Rinconete and Cortadillo。
（45） The great river； or Guadalquiver。
（46） A fountain in Paradise。
（47） A Gypsy word signifying 'exceeding much。'
（48） 'Lengua muy cerrada。'
（49） 'No camelo ser eray； es Calo mi nacimiento；
No camelo ser eray； eon ser Cale me contento。'
（50） Armed partisans； or guerillas on horseback： they waged a war
of extermination against the French； but at the same time plundered
their countrymen without scruple。
（51） The Basques speak a Tartar dialect which strikingly resembles
the Mongolian and the Mandchou。
（52） A small nation or rather sect of contrabandistas； who inhabit
the valley of Pas amidst the mountains of Santander； they carry
long sticks； in the handling of which they are unequalled。 Armed
with one of these sticks； a smuggler of Pas has been known to beat
off two mounted dragoons。
（53） The hostess； Maria Diaz； and her son Joan Jose Lopez； were
present when the outcast uttered these prophetic words。
（54） Eodem anno precipue fuit pestis seu mortalitas Forlivio。
（55） This work is styled HISTORIA DE LOS GITANOS； by J。 M…；
published at Barcelona in the year 1832； it consists of ninety…
three very small and scantily furnished pages。 Its chief； we might
say its only merit； is the style； which is fluent and easy。 The
writer is a theorist； and sacrifices truth and probability to the
shrine of one idea； and that one of the most absurd that ever
entered the head of an individual。 He endeavours to persuade his
readers that the Gitanos are the descendants of the Moors； and the
greatest part of his work is a history of those Africans； from the
time of their arrival in the Peninsula till their expatriation by
Philip the Third。 The Gitanos he supposes to be various tribes of
wandering Moors； who baffled pursuit amidst the fastnesses of the
hills； he denies that they are of the same origin as the Gypsies；
Bohemians； etc。； of other lands； though he does not back his denial
by any proofs； and is confessedly ignorant of the Gitano language；
the grand criterion。
（56） A Russian word signifying beans。
（57） The term for poisoning swine in English Gypsy is DRABBING
BAWLOR。
（58） Por medio de chalanerias。
（59） The English。
（60） These words are very ancient； and were； perhaps； used by the
earliest Spanish Gypsies； they differ much from the language of the
present day； and are quite unintelligible to the modern Gitanos。
（61） It was speedily prohibited； together with the Basque gospel；
by a royal ordonnance； however； which appeared in the Gazette of
Madrid； in August 1838； every public library in the kingdom was
empowered to purchase two copies in both languages； as the works in
question were allowed to possess some merit IN A LITERARY POINT OF
VIEW。 For a particular account of the Basque translation； and also
some remarks on the Euscarra language； the reader is referred to
THE BIBLE IN SPAIN； vol。 ii。 p。 385…398。
（62） Steal me； Gypsy。
（63） A species of gendarme or armed policeman。 The Miquelets have
existed in Spain for upwards of two hundred years。 They are called
Miquelets； from the name of their original leader。 They are
generally Aragonese by nation； and reclaimed robbers。
（64） Those who may be desirous of perusing the originals of the
following rhymes should consult former editions of this work。
（65） For the original； see other editions。
（66） For this information concerning Palmireno； and also for a
sight of the somewhat rare volume written by him； the author was
indebted to a kind friend； a native of Spain。
（67） A very unfair inference； that some of the Gypsies did not
understand the author when he spoke Romaic； was no proof that their
own private language was a feigned one； invented for thievish
purposes。
（68） Of all these； the most terrible； and whose sway endured for
the longest period； were the Mongols； as they were called： few；
however； of his original Mongolian warriors followed Timour in the
invasion of India。 His armies latterly appear to have consisted
chiefly of Turcomans and Persians。 It was to obtain popularity
amongst these soldiery that he abandoned his old religion； a kind
of fetish； or sorcery； and became a Mahometan。
（69） As quoted by Adelung； MITHRIDATES； vol。 i。
（70） Mithridates。
（70） For example； in the HISTORIA DE LOS GITANOS； of which we have
had occasion to speak in the first part of the present work：
amongst other things the author says； p。 95； 'If there exist any
similitude of customs between the Gitanos and the Gypsies； the
Zigeuners； the Zingari； and the Bohemians； they （the Gitanos）
cannot； however； be confounded with these nomad castes； nor the
same origin be attributed to them； 。 。 。 all that we shall find in
common between these people will be； that the one （the Gypsies；
etc。） arrived fugitives from the heart of Asia by the steppes of
Tartary； at the beginning of the fifteenth century； while the
Gitanos； descended from the Arab or Morisco tribes； came from the
coast of Africa as conquerors at the beginning of the eighth。'
He gets rid of any evidence with respect to the origin of the
Gitanos which their language might be capable of affording in the
following summary manner： 'As to the particular jargon which they
use； any investigation which people might pretend to make would be
quite useless； in the first place； on account of the reserve which
they exhibit on this point； and secondly； because； in the event of
some being found sufficiently communicative； the information which
they could impart would lead to no advantageous result； owing to
their extreme ignorance。'
It is scarcely worth while to offer a remark on reasoning which
could only emanate from an understanding of the very lowest order；
… so the Gitanos are so extremely ignorant； that however frank they
might wish to be； they would be unable to tell the curious inquirer
the names for bread and water； meat and salt； in their own peculiar
tongue … for； assuredly； had they sense enough to afford that
slight quantum of information； it would lead to two very
advantageous results； by proving； first； that they spoke the same
language as the Gypsies； etc。； and were consequently the same
people … and secondly； that they came not from the coast of
Northern Africa； where only Arabic and Shillah are spoken； but from
the heart of Asia； three words of the four being pure Sanscrit。
（72） As given in the MITHRIDATES of Adelung。
（73） Possibly from the Russian BOLOSS； which has the same
signification。
（74） Basque； BURUA。
（75） Sanscrit； SCHIRRA。
（76） These two words； which Hervas supposes to be Italian used in
an improper sense； are probably of quite another origin。 LEN； i
