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Uncle¡¡Remus£»¡¡His¡¡Songs¡¡and¡¡His¡¡Sayings

By¡¡Joel¡¡Chandler¡¡Harris




PREFACE¡¡AND¡¡DEDICATION¡¡TO¡¡THE¡¡NEW¡¡EDITION

To¡¡Arthur¡¡Barbette¡¡Frost£º

DEAR¡¡FROST£º¡¡

I¡¡am¡¡expected¡¡to¡¡supply¡¡a¡¡preface¡¡for¡¡this¡¡new¡¡edition¡¡of¡¡my¡¡first¡¡book¡­to¡¡advance¡¡from¡¡behind¡¡the¡¡curtain£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡were£»¡¡and¡¡make¡¡a¡¡fresh¡¡bow¡¡to¡¡the¡¡public¡¡that¡¡has¡¡dealt¡¡with¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus¡¡in¡¡so¡¡gentle¡¡and¡¡generous¡¡a¡¡fashion¡£¡¡For¡¡this¡¡event¡¡the¡¡lights¡¡are¡¡to¡¡be¡¡rekindled£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡am¡¡expected¡¡to¡¡respond¡¡in¡¡some¡¡formal¡¡way¡¡to¡¡an¡¡encore¡¡that¡¡marks¡¡the¡¡fifteenth¡¡anniversary¡¡of¡¡the¡¡book¡£¡¡There¡¡have¡¡been¡¡other¡¡editions¡­how¡¡many¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡remember¡­but¡¡this¡¡is¡¡to¡¡be¡¡an¡¡entirely¡¡new¡¡one£»¡¡except¡¡as¡¡to¡¡the¡¡matter£º¡¡new¡¡type£»¡¡new¡¡pictures£»¡¡and¡¡new¡¡binding¡£

But£»¡¡as¡¡frequently¡¡happens¡¡on¡¡such¡¡occasions£»¡¡I¡¡am¡¡at¡¡a¡¡loss¡¡for¡¡a¡¡word¡£¡¡I¡¡seem¡¡to¡¡see¡¡before¡¡me¡¡the¡¡smiling¡¡faces¡¡of¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡children¡­some¡¡young¡¡and¡¡fresh£»¡¡and¡¡some¡¡wearing¡¡the¡¡friendly¡¡marks¡¡of¡¡age£»¡¡but¡¡all¡¡children¡¡at¡¡heart¡­and¡¡not¡¡an¡¡unfriendly¡¡face¡¡among¡¡them¡£¡¡And¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡confusion£»¡¡and¡¡while¡¡I¡¡am¡¡trying¡¡hard¡¡to¡¡speak¡¡the¡¡right¡¡word£»¡¡I¡¡seem¡¡to¡¡hear¡¡a¡¡voice¡¡lifted¡¡above¡¡the¡¡rest£»¡¡saying¡¡¡¨You¡¡have¡¡made¡¡some¡¡of¡¡us¡¡happy¡£¡¨¡¡And¡¡so¡¡I¡¡feel¡¡my¡¡heart¡¡fluttering¡¡and¡¡my¡¡lips¡¡trembling£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡have¡¡to¡¡how¡¡silently¡¡and¡¡him¡¡away£»¡¡and¡¡hurry¡¡back¡¡into¡¡the¡¡obscurity¡¡that¡¡fits¡¡me¡¡best¡£

Phantoms£¡¡¡Children¡¡of¡¡dreams£¡¡¡True£»¡¡my¡¡dear¡¡Frost£»¡¡but¡¡if¡¡you¡¡could¡¡see¡¡the¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡letters¡¡that¡¡have¡¡come¡¡to¡¡me¡¡from¡¡far¡¡and¡¡near£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡fresh¡¡from¡¡the¡¡hearts¡¡and¡¡hands¡¡of¡¡children£»¡¡and¡¡from¡¡men¡¡and¡¡women¡¡who¡¡have¡¡not¡¡forgotten¡¡how¡¡to¡¡be¡¡children£»¡¡you¡¡would¡¡not¡¡wonder¡¡at¡¡the¡¡dream¡£¡¡And¡¡such¡¡a¡¡dream¡¡can¡¡do¡¡no¡¡harm¡£¡¡Insubstantial¡¡though¡¡it¡¡may¡¡be£»¡¡I¡¡would¡¡not¡¡at¡¡this¡¡hour¡¡exchange¡¡it¡¡for¡¡all¡¡the¡¡fame¡¡won¡¡by¡¡my¡¡mightier¡¡brethren¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pen¡­whom¡¡I¡¡most¡¡humbly¡¡salute¡£

Measured¡¡by¡¡the¡¡material¡¡developments¡¡that¡¡have¡¡compressed¡¡years¡¡of¡¡experience¡¡into¡¡the¡¡space¡¡of¡¡a¡¡day£»¡¡thus¡¡increasing¡¡the¡¡possibilities¡¡of¡¡life£»¡¡if¡¡not¡¡its¡¡beauty£»¡¡fifteen¡¡years¡¡constitute¡¡the¡¡old¡¡age¡¡of¡¡a¡¡book¡£¡¡Such¡¡a¡¡survival¡¡might¡¡almost¡¡be¡¡said¡¡to¡¡be¡¡due¡¡to¡¡a¡¡tiny¡¡sluice¡¡of¡¡green¡¡sap¡¡under¡¡the¡¡gray¡¡bark¡£¡¡where¡¡it¡¡lies¡¡in¡¡the¡¡matter¡¡of¡¡this¡¡book£»¡¡or¡¡what¡¡its¡¡source¡¡if£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡it¡¡be¡¡really¡¡there¡­is¡¡more¡¡of¡¡a¡¡mystery¡¡to¡¡my¡¡middle¡¡age¡¡than¡¡it¡¡was¡¡to¡¡my¡¡prime¡£

But¡¡it¡¡would¡¡be¡¡no¡¡mystery¡¡at¡¡all¡¡if¡¡this¡¡new¡¡edition¡¡were¡¡to¡¡be¡¡more¡¡popular¡¡than¡¡the¡¡old¡¡one¡£¡¡Do¡¡you¡¡know¡¡why£¿¡¡Because¡¡you¡¡have¡¡taken¡¡it¡¡under¡¡your¡¡hand¡¡and¡¡made¡¡it¡¡yours¡£¡¡Because¡¡you¡¡have¡¡breathed¡¡the¡¡breath¡¡of¡¡life¡¡into¡¡these¡¡amiable¡¡brethern¡¡of¡¡wood¡¡and¡¡field¡£¡¡Because£»¡¡by¡¡a¡¡stroke¡¡here¡¡and¡¡a¡¡touch¡¡there£»¡¡you¡¡have¡¡conveyed¡¡into¡¡their¡¡quaint¡¡antics¡¡the¡¡illumination¡¡of¡¡your¡¡own¡¡inimitable¡¡humor£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡as¡¡true¡¡to¡¡our¡¡sun¡¡and¡¡soil¡¡as¡¡it¡¡is¡¡to¡¡the¡¡spirit¡¡and¡¡essence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡matter¡¡set¡¡forth¡£

The¡¡book¡¡was¡¡mine£»¡¡but¡¡now¡¡you¡¡have¡¡made¡¡it¡¡yours£»¡¡both¡¡sap¡¡and¡¡pith¡£¡¡Take¡¡it£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡my¡¡dear¡¡Frost£»¡¡and¡¡believe¡¡me£»¡¡faithfully¡¡yours£»

Joel¡¡Chandler¡¡Harris




INTRODUCTION

I¡¡am¡¡advised¡¡by¡¡my¡¡publishers¡¡that¡¡this¡¡book¡¡is¡¡to¡¡be¡¡included¡¡in¡¡their¡¡catalogue¡¡of¡¡humorous¡¡publications£»¡¡and¡¡this¡¡friendly¡¡warning¡¡gives¡¡me¡¡an¡¡opportunity¡¡to¡¡say¡¡that¡¡however¡¡humorous¡¡it¡¡may¡¡be¡¡in¡¡effect£»¡¡its¡¡intention¡¡is¡¡perfectly¡¡serious£»¡¡and£»¡¡even¡¡if¡¡it¡¡were¡¡otherwise£»¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡me¡¡that¡¡a¡¡volume¡¡written¡¡wholly¡¡in¡¡dialect¡¡must¡¡have¡¡its¡¡solemn£»¡¡not¡¡to¡¡say¡¡melancholy£»¡¡features¡£¡¡With¡¡respect¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Folk¡­Lore¡¡scenes£»¡¡my¡¡purpose¡¡has¡¡been¡¡to¡¡preserve¡¡the¡¡legends¡¡themselves¡¡in¡¡their¡¡original¡¡simplicity£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡wed¡¡them¡¡permanently¡¡to¡¡the¡¡quaint¡¡dialect¡­if£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡it¡¡can¡¡be¡¡called¡¡a¡¡dialect¡­through¡¡the¡¡medium¡¡of¡¡which¡¡they¡¡have¡¡become¡¡a¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡domestic¡¡history¡¡of¡¡every¡¡Southern¡¡family£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡have¡¡endeavored¡¡to¡¡give¡¡to¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡a¡¡genuine¡¡flavor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡plantation¡£

Each¡¡legend¡¡has¡¡its¡¡variants£»¡¡but¡¡in¡¡every¡¡instance¡¡I¡¡have¡¡retained¡¡that¡¡particular¡¡version¡¡which¡¡seemed¡¡to¡¡me¡¡to¡¡be¡¡the¡¡most¡¡characteristic£»¡¡and¡¡have¡¡given¡¡it¡¡without¡¡embellishment¡¡and¡¡without¡¡exaggeration¡£

The¡¡dialect£»¡¡it¡¡will¡¡be¡¡observed£»¡¡is¡¡wholly¡¡different¡¡from¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Hon¡£¡¡Pompey¡¡Smash¡¡and¡¡his¡¡literary¡¡descendants£»¡¡and¡¡different¡¡also¡¡from¡¡the¡¡intolerable¡¡misrepresentations¡¡of¡¡the¡¡minstrel¡¡stage£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡at¡¡least¡¡phonetically¡¡genuine¡£¡¡Nevertheless£»¡¡if¡¡the¡¡language¡¡of¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus¡¡fails¡¡to¡¡give¡¡vivid¡¡hints¡¡of¡¡the¡¡really¡¡poetic¡¡imagination¡¡of¡¡the¡¡negro£»¡¡if¡¡it¡¡fails¡¡to¡¡embody¡¡the¡¡quaint¡¡and¡¡homely¡¡humor¡¡which¡¡was¡¡his¡¡most¡¡prominent¡¡characteristic£»¡¡if¡¡it¡¡does¡¡not¡¡suggest¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡picturesque¡¡sensitiveness¡­a¡¡curious¡¡exaltation¡¡of¡¡mind¡¡and¡¡temperament¡¡not¡¡to¡¡be¡¡defined¡¡by¡¡words¡¡¡­then¡¡I¡¡have¡¡reproduced¡¡the¡¡form¡¡of¡¡the¡¡dialect¡¡merely£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡the¡¡essence£»¡¡and¡¡my¡¡attempt¡¡may¡¡be¡¡accounted¡¡a¡¡failure¡£¡¡At¡¡any¡¡rate£»¡¡I¡¡trust¡¡I¡¡have¡¡been¡¡successful¡¡in¡¡presenting¡¡what¡¡must¡¡be£»¡¡at¡¡least¡¡to¡¡a¡¡large¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡American¡¡readers£»¡¡a¡¡new¡¡and¡¡by¡¡no¡¡means¡¡unattractive¡¡phase¡¡of¡¡negro¡¡character¡­a¡¡phase¡¡which¡¡may¡¡be¡¡considered¡¡a¡¡curiously¡¡sympathetic¡¡supplement¡¡to¡¡Mrs¡£¡¡Stowe's¡¡wonderful¡¡defense¡¡of¡¡slavery¡¡as¡¡it¡¡existed¡¡in¡¡the¡¡South¡£¡¡Mrs¡£¡¡Stowe£»¡¡let¡¡me¡¡hasten¡¡to¡¡say£»¡¡attacked¡¡the¡¡possibilities¡¡of¡¡slavery¡¡with¡¡all¡¡the¡¡eloquence¡¡of¡¡genius£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡same¡¡genius¡¡painted¡¡the¡¡portrait¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Southern¡¡slave¡­owner£»¡¡and¡¡defended¡¡him¡£

A¡¡number¡¡of¡¡the¡¡plantation¡¡legends¡¡originally¡¡appeared¡¡in¡¡the¡¡columns¡¡of¡¡a¡¡daily¡¡newspaper¡­The¡¡Atlanta¡¡Constitution¡¡and¡¡in¡¡that¡¡shape¡¡they¡¡attracted¡¡the¡¡attention¡¡of¡¡various¡¡gentlemen¡¡who¡¡were¡¡kind¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡suggest¡¡that¡¡they¡¡would¡¡prove¡¡to¡¡be¡¡valuable¡¡contributions¡¡to¡¡myth¡­literature¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡but¡¡fair¡¡to¡¡say¡¡that¡¡ethnological¡¡considerations¡¡formed¡¡no¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡undertaking¡¡which¡¡has¡¡resulted¡¡in¡¡the¡¡publication¡¡of¡¡this¡¡volume¡£¡¡Professor¡¡J¡£¡¡W¡£¡¡Powell£»¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Smithsonian¡¡Institution£»¡¡who¡¡is¡¡engaged¡¡in¡¡an¡¡investigation¡¡of¡¡the¡¡mythology¡¡of¡¡the¡¡North¡¡American¡¡Indians£»¡¡informs¡¡me¡¡that¡¡some¡¡of¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus's¡¡stories¡¡appear¡¡in¡¡a¡¡number¡¡of¡¡different¡¡languages£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡various¡¡modified¡¡forms£»¡¡among¡¡the¡¡Indians£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡is¡¡of¡¡the¡¡opinion¡¡that¡¡they¡¡are¡¡borrowed¡¡by¡¡the¡¡negroes¡¡from¡¡the¡¡red¡­men¡£¡¡But¡¡this£»¡¡to¡¡say¡¡the¡¡least£»¡¡is¡¡extremely¡¡doubtful£»¡¡since¡¡another¡¡investigator¡¡£¨Mr¡£¡¡Herbert¡¡H¡£¡¡Smith£»¡¡author¡¡of¡¡Brazil¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Amazons£©¡¡has¡¡met¡¡with¡¡some¡¡of¡¡these¡¡stories¡¡among¡¡tribes¡¡of¡¡South¡¡American¡¡Indians£»¡¡and¡¡one¡¡in¡¡particular¡¡he¡¡has¡¡traced¡¡to¡¡India£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡far¡¡east¡¡as¡¡Siam¡£¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Smith¡¡has¡¡been¡¡kind¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡send¡¡me¡¡the¡¡proof¡­sheets¡¡of¡¡his¡¡chapter¡¡on¡¡The¡¡Myths¡¡and¡¡Folk¡­Lore¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Amazonian¡¡Indians£»¡¡in¡¡which¡¡he¡¡reproduces¡¡some¡¡of¡¡the¡¡stories¡¡which¡¡he¡¡gathered¡¡while¡¡exploring¡¡the¡¡Amazons¡£

In¡¡the¡¡first¡¡of¡¡his¡¡series£»¡¡a¡¡tortoise¡¡falls¡¡from¡¡a¡¡tree¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡head¡¡of¡¡a¡¡jaguar¡¡and¡¡kills¡¡him£»¡¡in¡¡one¡¡of¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus's¡¡stories£»¡¡the¡¡terrapin¡¡falls¡¡from¡¡a¡¡shelf¡¡in¡¡Miss¡¡Meadows's¡¡house¡¡and¡¡stuns¡¡the¡¡fox£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡the¡¡latter¡¡fails¡¡to¡¡catch¡¡the¡¡rabbit¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡next£»¡¡a¡¡jaguar¡¡catches¡¡a¡¡tortoise¡¡by¡¡the¡¡hind¡­leg¡¡as¡¡he¡¡is¡¡disappearing¡¡in¡¡his¡¡hole£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡tortoise¡¡convinces¡¡him¡¡he¡¡is¡¡holding¡¡a¡¡root£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡escapes£»¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus¡¡tells¡¡how¡¡the¡¡fox¡¡endeavored¡¡to¡¡drown¡¡the¡¡terrapin£»¡¡but¡¡turned¡¡him¡¡loose¡¡because¡¡the¡¡terrapin¡¡declared¡¡his¡¡tail¡¡to¡¡be¡¡only¡¡a¡¡stump¡­root¡£¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Smith¡¡also¡¡gives¡¡the¡¡story¡¡of¡¡how¡¡the¡¡tortoise¡¡outran¡¡the¡¡deer£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡identical¡¡as¡¡to¡¡incident¡¡with¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus's¡¡story¡¡of¡¡how¡¡Brer¡¡Tarrypin¡¡outran¡¡Brer¡¡Rabbit¡£¡¡Then¡¡there¡¡is¡¡the¡¡story¡¡of¡¡how¡¡the¡¡tortoise¡¡pretended¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡stronger¡¡than¡¡the¡¡tapir¡£¡¡He¡¡tells¡¡the¡¡latter¡¡he¡¡can¡¡drag¡¡him¡¡into¡¡the¡¡sea£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡tapir¡¡retorts¡¡that¡¡he¡¡will¡¡pull¡¡the¡¡tortoise¡¡into¡¡the¡¡forest¡¡and¡¡kill¡¡him¡¡besides¡£¡¡The¡¡tortoise¡¡thereupon¡¡gets¡¡a¡¡vine¡­stem£»¡¡ties¡¡one¡¡end¡¡around¡¡the¡¡body¡¡of¡¡the¡¡tapir£»¡¡and¡¡goes¡¡to¡¡the¡¡sea£»¡¡where¡¡he¡¡ties¡¡the¡¡other¡¡end¡¡to¡¡the¡¡tail¡¡of¡¡a¡¡whale¡£¡¡He¡¡then¡¡goes¡¡into¡¡the¡¡wood£»¡¡midway¡¡between¡¡them¡¡both£»¡¡and¡¡gives¡¡the¡¡vine¡¡a¡¡shake¡¡as¡¡a¡¡signal¡¡for¡¡the¡¡pulling¡¡to¡¡begin¡£¡¡The¡¡struggle¡¡between¡¡the¡¡whale¡¡and¡¡tapir¡¡goes¡¡on¡¡until¡¡each¡¡thinks¡¡the¡¡tortoise¡¡is¡¡the¡¡strongest¡¡of¡¡animals¡£¡¡Compare¡¡this¡¡with¡¡the¡¡story¡¡of¡¡the¡¡terrapin's¡¡contest¡¡with¡¡the¡¡bear£»¡¡in¡¡which¡¡Miss¡¡Meadows's¡¡bed¡­cord¡¡is¡¡used¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡a¡¡vine¡­stem¡£¡¡One¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡characteristic¡¡of¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus's¡¡stories¡¡is¡¡that¡¡in¡¡which¡¡the¡¡rabbit¡¡proves¡¡to¡¡Miss¡¡Meadows¡¡and¡¡the¡¡girls¡¡that¡¡the¡¡fox¡¡is¡¡his¡¡riding¡­horse¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡almost¡¡identical¡¡with¡¡a¡¡story¡¡quoted¡¡by¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Smith£»¡¡where¡¡the¡¡jaguar¡¡is¡¡about¡¡to¡¡marry¡¡the¡¡deer's¡¡daughter¡£¡¡The¡¡cotia¡­a¡¡species¡¡of¡¡rodent¡­is¡¡also¡¡in¡¡love¡¡with¡¡her£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡tells¡¡the¡¡deer¡¡that¡¡he¡¡can¡¡make¡¡a¡¡riding¡­horse¡¡of¡¡the¡¡jaguar¡£¡¡¡¨Well£»¡¨¡¡says¡¡the¡¡deer£»¡¡¡¨if¡¡you¡¡can¡¡make¡¡the¡¡jaguar¡¡carry¡¡you£»¡¡you¡¡shall¡¡have¡¡my¡¡daughter¡£¡¨¡¡Thereupon¡¡the¡¡story¡¡proceeds¡¡pretty¡¡much¡¡as¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus¡¡tells¡¡it¡¡of¡¡the¡¡fox¡¡and¡¡rabbit¡£¡¡The¡¡cotia¡¡finally¡¡jumps¡¡from¡¡the¡¡jaguar¡¡and¡¡takes¡¡refuge¡¡in¡¡a¡¡hole£»¡¡where¡¡an¡¡owl¡¡is¡¡set¡¡to¡¡watch¡¡him£»¡¡but¡¡he¡¡flings¡¡sand¡¡in¡¡the¡¡owl's¡¡eyes¡¡and¡¡escapes¡£¡¡In¡¡another¡¡story¡¡given¡¡by¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Smith£»¡¡the¡¡cotia¡¡is¡¡very¡¡thirsty£»¡¡and£»¡¡seeing¡¡a¡¡man¡¡coming¡¡with¡¡a¡¡jar¡¡on¡¡his¡¡head£»¡¡lies¡¡down¡¡in¡¡the¡¡road¡¡in¡¡front¡¡of¡¡him£»¡¡and¡¡repeats¡¡this¡¡until¡¡the¡¡man¡¡puts¡¡down¡¡his¡¡jar¡¡to¡¡go¡¡back¡¡after¡¡all¡¡the¡¡dead¡¡cotias¡¡he¡¡has¡¡seen¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡almost¡¡identical¡¡with¡¡Uncle¡¡Remus's¡¡story¡¡of¡¡how¡¡the¡¡rabbit¡¡robbed¡¡the¡¡fox¡¡of¡¡his¡¡game¡£¡¡In¡¡a¡¡story¡¡from¡¡Upper¡¡Egypt£»¡¡a¡¡fox¡¡lies¡¡down¡¡in¡¡the¡¡road¡¡in¡¡front¡¡of¡¡a¡¡man¡¡who¡¡is¡¡carrying¡¡fowls¡¡to¡¡market£»¡¡and¡¡finally¡¡succeeds¡¡in¡¡securing¡¡them¡£

This¡¡similarity¡¡extends¡¡to¡¡almost¡¡every¡¡story¡¡quoted¡¡by¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Smith£»¡¡and¡¡some¡¡are¡¡so¡¡nearly¡¡identical¡¡as¡¡to¡¡point¡¡unmistakably¡¡to¡¡a¡¡common¡¡origin£»¡¡but¡¡when¡¡an

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