the dominion of the air-第21节
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he words； 'Hold hard！' burst simultaneously from all the party。。。。 We were all directly thrown out of the car along the ground； and； incomprehensible as it now appears to me； nobody was seriously hurt。〃
But 〃not so incomprehensible； after all；〃 will be the verdict of all who compare the above narrative with the ascents given in a foregoing account of how Wise had fared more than once when his balloon had burst。 For； as will be readily guessed； the balloon had in this case also burst； owing to the release of the upper valve being delayed too long； and the balloon had in the natural way transformed itself into a true parachute。 Moreover； the fall； which； by Albert Smith's own showing； was that of about a mile in two minutes； was not more excessive than one which will presently be recorded of Mr。 Glaisher； who escaped with no material injury beyond a few bruises。
One fact has till now been omitted with regard to the above sensational voyage； namely； the name of the passenger who； sitting in the ring； was the first to point out the imminent danger of the balloon。 This individual was none other than Mr。 Henry Coxwell； the second； indeed； of the two who were mentioned in the opening paragraph of this chapter as marking the road of progress which it is the scope of these pages to trace； and to whom we must now formally introduce our readers。
This justly famous sky pilot； whose practical acquaintance with ballooning extends over more than forty years； was the son of a naval officer residing near Chatham； and in his autobiography he describes enthusiastically how； a lad of nine years old； he watched through a sea telescope a balloon； piloted by Charles Green； ascend from Rochester and； crossing the Thames； disappear in distance over the Essex flats。 He goes on to describe how the incident started him in those early days on boyish endeavours to construct fire balloons and paper parachutes。 Some years later his home； on the death of his father； being transferred to Eltham； he came within frequent view of such balloons as； starting from the neighbourhood of London； will through the summer drift with the prevailing winds over that part of Kent。 And it was here that； ere long； he came in at the death of another balloon of which Green was in charge。
And from this time onwards the schoolboy with the strange hobby was constantly able to witness the flights and even the inflations of those ships of the air； which； his family associations notwithstanding took precedence of all boyish diversions。
His elder brother； now a naval officer； entirely failed to divert his aspirations into other channels； and it was when the boy had completed sixteen summers that an aeronautic enterprise attracted not only his own； but public attention also。 It was the building of a mammoth balloon at Vauxhall under the superintendence of Mr。 Green。 The launching of this huge craft when completed was regarded as so great an occasion that the young Coxwell； who had by this time obtained a commercial opening abroad； was allowed； at his earnest entreaty； to stay till the event had come off； and fifty years after the hardened sky sailor is found describing with a boyish enthusiasm how thirty…six policemen were needed round that balloon； how enormous weights were attached to the cordage； only to be lifted feet above the ground； while the police were compelled to pass their staves through the meshes to prevent the cords cutting their hands。 At this ascent Mr。 Hollond was a passenger； and by the middle of the following November all Europe was ringing with the great Nassau venture。
Commercial business did not suit the young Coxwell； and at the age of one…and…twenty we find him trying his hand at the profession of surgeon…dentist； not； however； with any prospect of its keeping him from the longing of his soul； which grew stronger and stronger upon him。 It was not till the summer of 1844 that Mr。 Hampton； giving an exhibition from the White Conduit Gardens； Pentonville； offered the young man； then twenty…five years old； his first ascent。
In after years Coxwell referred to his first sensations in characteristic language； contrasting them with the experiences of the mountaineer。 〃In Alpine travels；〃 he says； 〃the process is so slow； and contact with the crust of the earth so palpable； that the traveller is gradually prepared for each successive phase of view as it presents itself。 But in the balloon survey； cities； villages； and vast tracts for observation spring almost magically before the eye； and change in aspect and size so pleasingly that bewilderment first and then unbounded admiration is sure to follow。〃
The ice was now fairly broken； and； not suffering professional duties to be any hindrance； Coxwell began to make a series of ascents under the leadership of two rival balloonists； Gale and Gypson。 One voyage made with the latter he describes as leading to the most perilous descent in the annals of aerostation。 This was the occasion； given above； on which Albert Smith was a passenger； and which that talented writer describes in his own fashion。 He does not； however； add the fact； worthy of being chronicled； that exactly a week after the appalling adventure Gypson and Coxwell； accompanied by a Captain whose name does not transpire； and loaded with twice the previous weight of fireworks； made a perfectly successful night ascent and descent in the same balloon。
It is very shortly after this that we find Coxwell seduced into undertaking for its owners the actual management of a balloon； the property of Gale； and now to be known as the 〃Sylph。〃 With this craft he practically began his career as a professional balloonist； and after a few preliminary ascents made in England； was told off to carry on engagements in Belgium。
A long series of ascents was now made on the Continent； and in the troubled state of affairs some stirring scenes were visited； not without some real adventure。 One occasion attended with imminent risk occurred at Berlin in 1851。 Coxwell relates that a Prussian labourer whom he had dismissed for bad conduct； and who almost too manifestly harboured revenge； nevertheless begged hard for a re…engagement； which； as the man was a handy fellow； Coxwell at length assented to。 He took up three passengers beside himself； and at an elevation of some 3；000 feet found it necessary to open the valve； when； on pulling the cord； one of the top shutters broke and remained open； leaving a free aperture of 26 inches by 12 inches； and occasioning such a copious discharge of gas that nothing short of a providential landing could save disaster。 But the providential landing came； the party falling into the embrace of a fruit tree in an orchard。 It transpired afterwards that the labourer had been seen to tamper with the valve； the connecting lines of which he had partially severed。
Returning to England in 1852 Coxwell； through the accidents inseparable from his profession； found himself virtually in possession of the field。 Green； now advanced in years； was retiring from the public life in which he had won so much fame and honour。 Gale was dead； killed in an ascent at Bordeaux。 Only one aspirant contested the place of public aeronautone Goulston； who had been Gale's patron。 Before many months； however； he too met with a balloonist's death； being dashed against some stone walls when ascending near Manchester。
It will not be difficult to form an estimate of how entirely the popularity of the balloon was now reestablished in England； from the mere fact that before the expiration of the year Coxwell had been called upon to make thirty…six voyages。 Some of these were from Glasgow； and here a certain coincidence took place which is too curious to be omitted。 A descent effected near Milngavie took place in the same field in which Sadler； twenty…nine years before； had also descended； and the same man who caught the rope of Mr。 Sadler's balloon performed the same service once again for a fresh visitor from the skies。
The following autumn Coxwell； in fulfilling one out of many engagements； found himself in a dilemma which bore resemblance in a slight degree to a far more serious predicament in which the writer became involved； and which must be told in due place。 The preparations for the ascent； which was from the Mile End Road； had been hurried； and after finally getting away at a late hour in the evening； it was found that the valve line had got caught in a fold of the silk； and could not be operated。 In consequence； the balloon was； of necessity； left to take its own chance through the night； and； after rising to a considerable height； it slowly lost buoyancy during the chilly hours； and； gradually settling； came to earth near Basingstoke； where the voyager； failing to get help or shelter； made his bed within his own car； lying in an open field； as other aeronauts have had to do in like circumstances。
Coxwell tells of a striking phenomenon seen during that voyage。 〃A splendid meteor was below the car； and apparently about 600 feet distant。 It was blue and yellow； moving rapidly in a N。E。 direction； and became extinguished without noise or sparks。〃
CHAPTER XI。 THE BALLOON IN THE SERVICE OF SCIENCE。
At this point we must； fo
