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第12节

beowulf-第12节

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after the care…billows cooler grows。

〃So'5' I hold not high the Heathobards' faith

due to the Danes; or their during love

and pact of peace。  But I pass from that;

turning to Grendel; O giver…of…treasure;

and saying in full how the fight resulted;

hand…fray of heroes。 When heaven's jewel

had fled o'er far fields; that fierce sprite came;

night…foe savage; to seek us out

where safe and sound we sentried the hall。

To Hondscio then was that harassing deadly;

his fall there was fated。 He first was slain;

girded warrior。 Grendel on him

turned murderous mouth; on our mighty kinsman;

and all of the brave man's body devoured。

Yet none the earlier; empty…handed;

would the bloody…toothed murderer; mindful of bale;

outward go from the gold…decked hall:

but me he attacked in his terror of might;

with greedy hand grasped me。 A glove hung by him'6'

wide and wondrous; wound with bands;

and in artful wise it all was wrought;

by devilish craft; of dragon…skins。

Me therein; an innocent man;

the fiendish foe was fain to thrust

with many another。 He might not so;

when I all angrily upright stood。

'Twere long to relate how that land…destroyer

I paid in kind for his cruel deeds;

yet there; my prince; this people of thine

got fame by my fighting。 He fled away;

and a little space his life preserved;

but there staid behind him his stronger hand

left in Heorot; heartsick thence

on the floor of the ocean that outcast fell。

Me for this struggle the Scyldings'…friend

paid in plenty with plates of gold;

with many a treasure; when morn had come

and we all at the banquet…board sat down。

Then was song and glee。 The gray…haired Scylding;

much tested; told of the times of yore。

Whiles the hero his harp bestirred;

wood…of…delight; now lays he chanted

of sooth and sadness; or said aright

legends of wonder; the wide…hearted king;

or for years of his youth he would yearn at times;

for strength of old struggles; now stricken with age;

hoary hero: his heart surged full

when; wise with winters; he wailed their flight。

Thus in the hall the whole of that day

at ease we feasted; till fell o'er earth

another night。 Anon full ready

in greed of vengeance; Grendel's mother

set forth all doleful。 Dead was her son

through war…hate of Weders; now; woman monstrous

with fury fell a foeman she slew;

avenged her offspring。 From Aeschere old;

loyal councillor; life was gone;

nor might they e'en; when morning broke;

those Danish people; their death…done comrade

burn with brands; on balefire lay

the man they mourned。 Under mountain stream

she had carried the corpse with cruel hands。

For Hrothgar that was the heaviest sorrow

of all that had laden the lord of his folk。

The leader then; by thy life; besought me

(sad was his soul) in the sea…waves' coil

to play the hero and hazard my being

for glory of prowess: my guerdon he pledged。

I then in the waters  'tis widely known 

that sea…floor…guardian savage found。

Hand…to…hand there a while we struggled;

billows welled blood; in the briny hall

her head I hewed with a hardy blade

from Grendel's mother;  and gained my life;

though not without danger。 My doom was not yet。

Then the haven…of…heroes; Healfdene's son;

gave me in guerdon great gifts of price。



Note: '1' Beowulf gives his uncle the king not mere gossip of his

journey; but a statesmanlike forecast of the outcome of certain

policies at the Danish court。 Talk of interpolation here is

absurd。 As both Beowulf and Hygelac know;  and the folk for

whom the Beowulf was put together also knew;  Froda was king of

the Heathobards (probably the Langobards; once near neighbors of

Angle and Saxon tribes on the continent); and had fallen

in fight with the Danes。 Hrothgar will set aside this feud by

giving his daughter as 〃peace…weaver〃 and wife to the young king

Ingeld; son of the slain Froda。 But Beowulf; on general

principles and from his observation of the particular case;

foretells trouble。 Note: '2' Play of shields; battle。 A Danish

warrior cuts down Froda in the fight; and takes his sword and

armor; leaving them to a son。 This son is selected to accompany

his mistress; the young princess Freawaru; to her new home when

she is Ingeld's queen。 Heedlessly he wears the sword of Froda in

hall。 An old warrior points it out to Ingeld; and eggs him on to

vengeance。 At his instigation the Dane is killed; but the

murderer; afraid of results; and knowing the land; escapes。 So

the old feud must break out again。 '3' That is; their disastrous

battle and the slaying of their king。 '4' The sword。 '5' Beowulf

returns to his forecast。 Things might well go somewhat as

follows; he says; sketches a little tragic story; and with this

prophecy by illustration returns to the tale of his adventure。

'6' Not an actual glove; but a sort of bag。







XXXI



〃So held this king to the customs old;

that I wanted for nought in the wage I gained;

the meed of my might; he made me gifts;

Healfdene's heir; for my own disposal。

Now to thee; my prince; I proffer them all;

gladly give them。 Thy grace alone

can find me favor。 Few indeed

have I of kinsmen; save; Hygelac; thee!〃

Then he bade them bear him the boar…head standard;

the battle…helm high; and breastplate gray;

the splendid sword; then spake in form: 

〃Me this war…gear the wise old prince;

Hrothgar; gave; and his hest he added;

that its story be straightway said to thee。 

A while it was held by Heorogar king;

for long time lord of the land of Scyldings;

yet not to his son the sovran left it;

to daring Heoroweard;  dear as he was to him;

his harness of battle。  Well hold thou it all!〃

And I heard that soon passed o'er the path of this treasure;

all apple…fallow; four good steeds;

each like the others; arms and horses

he gave to the king。 So should kinsmen be;

not weave one another the net of wiles;

or with deep…hid treachery death contrive

for neighbor and comrade。 His nephew was ever

by hardy Hygelac held full dear;

and each kept watch o'er the other's weal。

I heard; too; the necklace to Hygd he presented;

wonder…wrought treasure; which Wealhtheow gave him

sovran's daughter: three steeds he added;

slender and saddle…gay。 Since such gift

the gem gleamed bright on the breast of the queen。

Thus showed his strain the son of Ecgtheow

as a man remarked for mighty deeds

and acts of honor。 At ale he slew not

comrade or kin; nor cruel his mood;

though of sons of earth his strength was greatest;

a glorious gift that God had sent

the splendid leader。 Long was he spurned;

and worthless by Geatish warriors held;

him at mead the master…of…clans

failed full oft to favor at all。

Slack and shiftless the strong men deemed him;

profitless prince; but payment came;

to the warrior honored; for all his woes。 

Then the bulwark…of…earls'1' bade bring within;

hardy chieftain; Hrethel's heirloom

garnished with gold: no Geat e'er knew

in shape of a sword a statelier prize。

The brand he laid in Beowulf's lap;

and of hides assigned him seven thousand;'2'

with house and high…seat。 They held in common

land alike by their line of birth;

inheritance; home: but higher the king

because of his rule o'er the realm itself。



Now further it fell with the flight of years;

with harryings horrid; that Hygelac perished;'3'

and Heardred; too; by hewing of swords

under the shield…wall slaughtered lay;

when him at the van of his victor…folk

sought hardy heroes; Heatho…Scilfings;

in arms o'erwhelming Hereric's nephew。

Then Beowulf came as king this broad

realm to wield; and he ruled it well

fifty winters;'4' a wise old prince;

warding his land; until One began

in the dark of night; a Dragon; to rage。

In the grave on the hill a hoard it guarded;

in the stone…barrow steep。 A strait path reached it;

unknown to mortals。 Some man; however;

came by chance that cave within

to the heathen hoard。'5' In hand he took

a golden goblet; nor gave he it back;

stole with it away; while the watcher slept;

by thievish wiles: for the warden's wrath

prince and people must pay betimes!



'1' Hygelac。 '2' This is generally assumed to mean hides; though

the text simply says 〃seven thousand。〃 A hide in England meant

about 120 acres; though 〃the size of the acre varied。〃 '3' On the

historical raid into Frankish territory between 512 and 520 A。D。

The subsequent course of events; as gathered from hints of this

epic; is partly told in Scandinavian legend。 '4' The chronology

of this epic; as scholars have worked it out; would make Beowulf

well over ninety years of age when he fights the dragon。 But the

fifty years of his reign need not be taken as historical fact。

'5' The text is here hopelessly illegible; and only the general

drift of the meaning can be rescued。 For one thing; we have the

old myth of a dragon who guards hidden treasure。 But with this

runs the story of some nob

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