character-第46节
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Sir Walter Scott also was hooted and pelted at Hawick by 〃the
people;〃 amidst cries of 〃Burke Sir Walter!〃
(6) Robertson's 'Life and Letters;' ii。 157。
(7) We select the following passages from this remarkable report of
Baron Stoffel; as being of more than merely temporary interest:…
Who that has lived here (Berlin) will deny that the Prussians are
energetic; patriotic; and teeming with youthful vigour; that they
are not corrupted by sensual pleasures; but are manly; have
earnest convictions; do not think it beneath them to reverence
sincerely what is noble and lofty? What a melancholy contrast
does France offer in all this? Having sneered at everything; she
has lost the faculty of respecting anything。 Virtue; family life;
patriotism; honour; religion; are represented to a frivolous
generation as fitting subjects of ridicule。 The theatres have
become schools of shamelessness and obscenity。 Drop by drop;
poison is instilled into the very core of an ignorant and
enervated society; which has neither the insight nor the energy
left to amend its institutions; norwhich would be the most
necessary step to takebecome better informed or more moral。
One after the other the fine qualities of the nation are dying
out。 Where is the generosity; the loyalty; the charm of our
ESPRIT; and our former elevation of soul? If this goes on; the
time will come when this noble race of France will be known only
by its faults。 And France has no idea that while she is sinking;
more earnest nations are stealing the march upon her; are
distancing her on the road to progress; and are preparing for her
a secondary position in the world。
〃I am afraid that these opinions will not be relished in France。
However correct; they differ too much from what is usually said
and asserted at home。 I should wish some enlightened and
unprejudiced Frenchmen to come to Prussia and make this country
their study。 They would soon discover that they were living in
the midst of a strong; earnest; and intelligent nation; entirely
destitute; it is true; of noble and delicate feelings; of all
fascinating charms; but endowed with every solid virtue; and alike
distinguished for untiring industry; order; and economy; as well
as for patriotism; a strong sense of duty; and that consciousness
of personal dignity which in their case is so happily blended with
respect for authority and obedience to the law。 They would see a
country with firm; sound; and moral institutions; whose upper
classes are worthy of their rank; and; by possessing the highest
degree of culture; devoting themselves to the service of the
State; setting an example of patriotism; and knowing how to
preserve the influence legitimately their own。 They would find a
State with an excellent administration where everything is in its
right place; and where the most admirable order prevails in every
branch of the social and political system。 Prussia may be well
compared to a massive structure of lofty proportions and
astounding solidity; which; though it has nothing to delight the
eye or speak to the heart; cannot but impress us with its grand
symmetry; equally observable in its broad foundations as in its
strong and sheltering roof。
〃And what is France? What is French society in these latter days?
A hurly…burly of disorderly elements; all mixed and jumbled
together; a country in which everybody claims the right to occupy
the highest posts; yet few remember that a man to be employed in a
responsible position ought to have a well…balanced mind; ought to
be strictly moral; to know something of the world; and possess
certain intellectual powers; a country in which the highest
offices are frequently held by ignorant and uneducated persons;
who either boast some special talent; or whose only claim is
social position and some versatility and address。 What a baneful
and degrading state of things! And how natural that; while it
lasts; France should be full of a people without a position;
without a calling; who do not know what to do with themselves; but
are none the less eager to envy and malign every one who does。。。。
〃The French do not possess in any very marked degree the qualities
required to render general conscription acceptable; or to turn it
to account。 Conceited and egotistic as they are; the people would
object to an innovation whose invigorating force they are unable
to comprehend; and which cannot be carried out without virtues
which they do not possessself…abnegation; conscientious
recognition of duty; and a willingness to sacrifice personal
interests to the loftier demands of the country。 As the character
of individuals is only improved by experience; most nations
require a chastisement before they set about reorganising their
political institutions。 So Prussia wanted a Jena to make her the
strong and healthy country she is。〃
(8) Yet even in De Tocqueville's benevolent nature; there was a
pervading element of impatience。 In the very letter in which the
above passage occurs; he says: 〃Some persons try to be of use to
men while they despise them; and others because they love them。
In the services rendered by the first; there is always something
incomplete; rough; and contemptuous; that inspires neither
confidence nor gratitude。 I should like to belong to the second
class; but often I cannot。 I love mankind in general; but I
constantly meet with individuals whose baseness revolts me。 I
struggle daily against a universal contempt for my fellow;
creatures。〃MEMOIRS AND REMAINS OF DE TOCQUEVILLE; vol。 i。 p。
813。 (Letter to Kergorlay; Nov。 13th; 1833)。
(9) Gleig's 'Life of Wellington;' pp。 314; 315。
(10) 'Life of Arnold;' i。 94。
(11) See the 'Memoir of George Wilson; M。D。; F。R。S。E。' By his sister
(Edinburgh; 1860)。
(12) Such cases are not unusual。 We personally knew a young lady; a
countrywoman of Professor Wilson; afflicted by cancer in the
breast; who concealed the disease from her parents lest it should
occasion them distress。 An operation became necessary; and when
the surgeons called for the purpose of performing it; she herself
answered the door; received them with a cheerful countenance; led
them upstairs to her room; and submitted to the knife; and her
parents knew nothing of the operation until it was all over。
But the disease had become too deeply seated for recovery;
and the noble self…denying girl died; cheerful and uncomplaining
to the end。
(13) 〃One night; about eleven o'clock; Keats returned home in a state
of strange physical excitementit might have appeared; to those
who did not know him; one of fierce intoxication。 He told his
friend he had been outside the stage…coach; had received a severe
chill; was a little fevered; but added; 'I don't feel it now。' He
was easily persuaded to go to bed; and as he leapt into the cold
sheets; before his head was on the pillow; he slightly coughed and
said; 'That is blood from my mouth; bring me the candle; let me
see this blood' He gazed steadfastly for some moments at the ruddy
stain; and then; looking in his friend's face with an expression
of sudden calmness never to be forgotten; said; 'I know the colour
of that bloodit is arterial blood。 I cannot be deceived in
that colour; that drop is my death…warrant。 I must die!'〃
Houghton's LIFE OF KEATS; Ed。 1867; p。 289。
In the case of George Wilson; the bleeding was in the first
instance from the stomach; though he afterwards suffered from lung
haemorrhage like Keats。 Wilson afterwards; speaking of the Lives
of Lamb and Keats; which had just appeared; said he had been
reading them with great sadness。 〃There is;〃 said he; 〃something
in the noble brotherly love of Charles to brighten; and hallow;
and relieve that sadness; but Keats's deathbed is the blackness of
midnight; unmitigated by one ray of light!〃
(14) On the doctors; who attended him in his first attack; mistaking
the haemorrhage from the stomach for haemorrhage from the lungs;
he wrote: 〃It would have been but poor consolation to have had
as an epitaph:…
〃Here lies George Wilson;
Overtaken by Nemesis;
He died not of Haemoptysis;
But of Haematemesis。〃
(15) 'Memoir;' p。 427。
CHAPTER VIII。TEMPER。
〃Temper is nine…tenths of Christianity。〃BISHOP WILSON。
〃Heaven is a temper; not a place。〃DR。 CHALMERS。
〃And should my youth; as youth is apt I know;
Some harshness show;
All vain asperities I day by day
Would wear away;
Till the smooth temper of my age should be
Like the high leaves upon the Holly Tree〃SOUTHEY。
Even Power itself hath not one…half the might of Gentleness〃
LEIGH HUNT。
It has been said that men succeed in life quite as much by their
temper as by t