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(13) 'Dissertation on the Science of Method。'



(14) The following passage; from a recent article in the PALL MALL

GAZETTE; will commend itself to general aproval:… 〃There can be no

question nowadays; that application to work; absorption in

affairs; contact with men; and all the stress which business

imposes on us; gives a noble training to the intellect; and

splendid opportunity for discipline of character。  It is an

utterly low view of business which regards it as only a means of

getting a living。  A man's business is his part of the world's

work; his share of the great activities which render society

possible。  He may like it or dislike it; but it is work; and as

such requires application; self…denial; discipline。  It is his

drill; and he cannot be thorough in his occupation without putting

himself into it; checking his fancies; restraining his impulses;

and holding himself to the perpetual round of small details

without; in fact; submitting to his drill。  But the perpetual call

on a man's readiness; sell…control; and vigour which business

makes; the constant appeal to the intellect; the stress upon the

will; the necessity for rapid and responsible exercise of judgment

all these things constitute a high culture; though not the

highest。 It is a culture which strengthens and invigorates if it

does not refine; which gives force if not polishthe FORTITER IN

RE; if not the SUAVITER IN MODO。  It makes strong men and ready

men; and men of vast capacity for affairs; though it does not

necessarily make refined men or gentlemen。〃



(15) On the first publication of his 'Despatches;' one of his friends

said to him; on reading the records of his Indian campaigns: 〃It

seems to me; Duke; that your chief business in India was to

procure rice and bullocks。〃  〃And so it was;〃 replied Wellington:

〃for if I had rice and bullocks; I had men; and if I had men; I

knew I could beat the enemy。〃



(16) Maria Edgeworth; 'Memoirs of R。 L。 Edgeworth;' ii。 94。



(17) A friend of Lord Palmerston has communicated to us the following

anecdote。  Asking him one day when he considered a man to be in

the prime of life; his immediate reply was; 〃Seventy…nine!〃

〃But;〃 he added; with a twinkle in his eye; 〃as I have just

entered my eightieth year; perhaps I am myself a little past it。〃



(18) 'Reasons of Church Government;' Book II。



(19) Coleridge's advice to his young friends was much to the same

effect。  〃With the exception of one extraordinary man;〃 he says;

〃I have never known an individual; least of all an individual of

genius; healthy or happy without a profession: i。e。; some regular

employment which does not depend on the will of the moment; and

which can be carried on so far mechanically; that an average

quantum only of health; spirits; and intellectual exertion are

requisite to its faithful discharge。  Three hours of leisure;

unalloyed by any alien anxiety; and looked forward to with delight

as a change and recreation; will suffice to realise in literature

a larger product of what is truly genial; than weeks of

compulsion。。。。  If facts are required to prove the possibility of

combining weighty performances in literature with full and

independent employment; the works of Cicero and Xenophon; among

the ancientsof Sir Thomas More; Bacon; Baxter; or (to refer at

once to later and contemporary instances) Darwin and Roscoe; are

at once decisive of the question。〃

                               BIOGRAPHIA LITERARIA; Chap。 xi。



(20) Mr。 Ricardo published his celebrated 'Theory of Rent;' at the

urgent recommendation of James Mill (like his son; a chief clerk

in the India House); author of the 'History of British India。'

When the 'Theory of Rent' was written; Ricardo was so dissatisfied

with it that he wished to burn it; but Mr。 Mill urged him to

publish it; and the book was a great success。



(21) The late Sir John Lubbock; his father; was also eminent as a

mathematician and astronomer。



(22) Thales; once inveighing in discourse against the pains and care

men put themselves to; to become rich; was answered by one in the

company that he did like the fox; who found fault with what he

could not obtain。  Thereupon Thales had a mind; for the jest's

sake; to show them the contrary; and having upon this occasion for

once made a muster of all his wits; wholly to employ them in the

service of profit; he set a traffic on foot; which in one year

brought him in so great riches; that the most experienced in that

trade could hardly in their whole lives; with all their industry;

have raked so much together。

                            Montaignes ESSAYS; Book I。; chap。 24。



(23) 〃The understanding;〃 says Mr。 Bailey; 〃that is accustomed to

pursue a regular and connected train of ideas; becomes in some

measure incapacitated for those quick and versatile movements

which are learnt in the commerce of the world; and are

indispensable to those who act a part in it。  Deep thinking and

practical talents require indeed habits of mind so essentially

dissimilar; that while a man is striving after the one; he will be

unavoidably in danger of losing the other。〃  〃Thence;〃 he adds;

〃do we so often find men; who are 'giants in the closet;' prove

but 'children in the world。'〃'Essays on the Formation and

Publication of Opinions;' pp。251…3。



(24) Mr。 Gladstone is as great an enthusiast in literature as

Canning was。  It is related of him that; while he was waiting

in his committee…room at Liverpool for the returns coming in

on the day of the South Lancashire polling; he occupied himself

in proceeding with the translation of a work which he was then

preparing for the press。







CHAPTER V。COURAGE。







        〃It is not but the tempest that doth show

         The seaman's cunning; but the field that tries

         The captain's courage; and we come to know

         Best what men are; in their worst jeopardies。〃DANIEL。



    〃If thou canst plan a noble deed;

     And never flag till it succeed;

     Though in the strife thy heart should bleed;

     Whatever obstacles control;

     Thine hour will comego on; true soul!

     Thou'lt win the prize; thou'lt reach the goal。〃C。 MACKAY。



〃The heroic example of other days is in great part the source of

the courage of each generation; and men walk up composedly to the

most perilous enterprises; beckoned onwards by the shades of the

brave that were。〃HELPS。



            〃That which we are; we are;

      One equal temper of heroic hearts;

      Made weak by time and fate; but strong in will

      To strive; to seek; to find; and not to yield。〃TENNYSON。





THE world owes much to its men and women of courage。  We do not

mean physical courage; in which man is at least equalled by the

bulldog; nor is the bulldog considered the wisest of his species。



The courage that displays itself in silent effort and endeavour

that dares to endure all and suffer all for truth and dutyis

more truly heroic than the achievements of physical valour; which

are rewarded by honours and titles; or by laurels sometimes

steeped in blood。



It is moral courage that characterises the highest order of

manhood and womanhoodthe courage to seek and to speak the

truth; the courage to be just; the courage to be honest; the

courage to resist temptation; the courage to do one's duty。  If

men and women do not possess this virtue; they have no security

whatever for the preservation of any other。



Every step of progress in the history of our race has been made in

the face of opposition and difficulty; and been achieved and

secured by men of intrepidity and valourby leaders in the van

of thoughtby great discoverers; great patriots; and great

workers in all walks of life。  There is scarcely a great truth or

doctrine but has had to fight its way to public recognition in the

face of detraction; calumny; and persecution。  〃Everywhere;〃 says

Heine; 〃that a great soul gives utterance to its thoughts; there

also is a Golgotha。〃



    〃Many loved Truth and lavished life's best oil;

       Amid the dust of books to find her;

    Content at last; for guerdon of their toil;

       With the cast mantle she had left behind her。

    Many in sad faith sought for her;

    Many with crossed hands sighed for her;

    But these; our brothers; fought for her;

    At life's dear peril wrought for her;

    So loved her that they died for her;

    Tasting the raptured fleetness

    Of her divine completeness。〃 (1)



Socrates was condemned to drink the hemlock at Athens in his

seventy…second year; because his lofty teaching ran counter to the

prejudices and party…spirit of his age。  He was charged by his

accusers with corrupting the youth of Athens by inciting them to

despise the tutelary deities of the state。  He had the moral

courage to brave not only the tyranny of the judges who condemned

him; but of the mob who could

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