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(13) 'Dissertation on the Science of Method。'
(14) The following passage; from a recent article in the PALL MALL
GAZETTE; will commend itself to general aproval:… 〃There can be no
question nowadays; that application to work; absorption in
affairs; contact with men; and all the stress which business
imposes on us; gives a noble training to the intellect; and
splendid opportunity for discipline of character。 It is an
utterly low view of business which regards it as only a means of
getting a living。 A man's business is his part of the world's
work; his share of the great activities which render society
possible。 He may like it or dislike it; but it is work; and as
such requires application; self…denial; discipline。 It is his
drill; and he cannot be thorough in his occupation without putting
himself into it; checking his fancies; restraining his impulses;
and holding himself to the perpetual round of small details
without; in fact; submitting to his drill。 But the perpetual call
on a man's readiness; sell…control; and vigour which business
makes; the constant appeal to the intellect; the stress upon the
will; the necessity for rapid and responsible exercise of judgment
all these things constitute a high culture; though not the
highest。 It is a culture which strengthens and invigorates if it
does not refine; which gives force if not polishthe FORTITER IN
RE; if not the SUAVITER IN MODO。 It makes strong men and ready
men; and men of vast capacity for affairs; though it does not
necessarily make refined men or gentlemen。〃
(15) On the first publication of his 'Despatches;' one of his friends
said to him; on reading the records of his Indian campaigns: 〃It
seems to me; Duke; that your chief business in India was to
procure rice and bullocks。〃 〃And so it was;〃 replied Wellington:
〃for if I had rice and bullocks; I had men; and if I had men; I
knew I could beat the enemy。〃
(16) Maria Edgeworth; 'Memoirs of R。 L。 Edgeworth;' ii。 94。
(17) A friend of Lord Palmerston has communicated to us the following
anecdote。 Asking him one day when he considered a man to be in
the prime of life; his immediate reply was; 〃Seventy…nine!〃
〃But;〃 he added; with a twinkle in his eye; 〃as I have just
entered my eightieth year; perhaps I am myself a little past it。〃
(18) 'Reasons of Church Government;' Book II。
(19) Coleridge's advice to his young friends was much to the same
effect。 〃With the exception of one extraordinary man;〃 he says;
〃I have never known an individual; least of all an individual of
genius; healthy or happy without a profession: i。e。; some regular
employment which does not depend on the will of the moment; and
which can be carried on so far mechanically; that an average
quantum only of health; spirits; and intellectual exertion are
requisite to its faithful discharge。 Three hours of leisure;
unalloyed by any alien anxiety; and looked forward to with delight
as a change and recreation; will suffice to realise in literature
a larger product of what is truly genial; than weeks of
compulsion。。。。 If facts are required to prove the possibility of
combining weighty performances in literature with full and
independent employment; the works of Cicero and Xenophon; among
the ancientsof Sir Thomas More; Bacon; Baxter; or (to refer at
once to later and contemporary instances) Darwin and Roscoe; are
at once decisive of the question。〃
BIOGRAPHIA LITERARIA; Chap。 xi。
(20) Mr。 Ricardo published his celebrated 'Theory of Rent;' at the
urgent recommendation of James Mill (like his son; a chief clerk
in the India House); author of the 'History of British India。'
When the 'Theory of Rent' was written; Ricardo was so dissatisfied
with it that he wished to burn it; but Mr。 Mill urged him to
publish it; and the book was a great success。
(21) The late Sir John Lubbock; his father; was also eminent as a
mathematician and astronomer。
(22) Thales; once inveighing in discourse against the pains and care
men put themselves to; to become rich; was answered by one in the
company that he did like the fox; who found fault with what he
could not obtain。 Thereupon Thales had a mind; for the jest's
sake; to show them the contrary; and having upon this occasion for
once made a muster of all his wits; wholly to employ them in the
service of profit; he set a traffic on foot; which in one year
brought him in so great riches; that the most experienced in that
trade could hardly in their whole lives; with all their industry;
have raked so much together。
Montaignes ESSAYS; Book I。; chap。 24。
(23) 〃The understanding;〃 says Mr。 Bailey; 〃that is accustomed to
pursue a regular and connected train of ideas; becomes in some
measure incapacitated for those quick and versatile movements
which are learnt in the commerce of the world; and are
indispensable to those who act a part in it。 Deep thinking and
practical talents require indeed habits of mind so essentially
dissimilar; that while a man is striving after the one; he will be
unavoidably in danger of losing the other。〃 〃Thence;〃 he adds;
〃do we so often find men; who are 'giants in the closet;' prove
but 'children in the world。'〃'Essays on the Formation and
Publication of Opinions;' pp。251…3。
(24) Mr。 Gladstone is as great an enthusiast in literature as
Canning was。 It is related of him that; while he was waiting
in his committee…room at Liverpool for the returns coming in
on the day of the South Lancashire polling; he occupied himself
in proceeding with the translation of a work which he was then
preparing for the press。
CHAPTER V。COURAGE。
〃It is not but the tempest that doth show
The seaman's cunning; but the field that tries
The captain's courage; and we come to know
Best what men are; in their worst jeopardies。〃DANIEL。
〃If thou canst plan a noble deed;
And never flag till it succeed;
Though in the strife thy heart should bleed;
Whatever obstacles control;
Thine hour will comego on; true soul!
Thou'lt win the prize; thou'lt reach the goal。〃C。 MACKAY。
〃The heroic example of other days is in great part the source of
the courage of each generation; and men walk up composedly to the
most perilous enterprises; beckoned onwards by the shades of the
brave that were。〃HELPS。
〃That which we are; we are;
One equal temper of heroic hearts;
Made weak by time and fate; but strong in will
To strive; to seek; to find; and not to yield。〃TENNYSON。
THE world owes much to its men and women of courage。 We do not
mean physical courage; in which man is at least equalled by the
bulldog; nor is the bulldog considered the wisest of his species。
The courage that displays itself in silent effort and endeavour
that dares to endure all and suffer all for truth and dutyis
more truly heroic than the achievements of physical valour; which
are rewarded by honours and titles; or by laurels sometimes
steeped in blood。
It is moral courage that characterises the highest order of
manhood and womanhoodthe courage to seek and to speak the
truth; the courage to be just; the courage to be honest; the
courage to resist temptation; the courage to do one's duty。 If
men and women do not possess this virtue; they have no security
whatever for the preservation of any other。
Every step of progress in the history of our race has been made in
the face of opposition and difficulty; and been achieved and
secured by men of intrepidity and valourby leaders in the van
of thoughtby great discoverers; great patriots; and great
workers in all walks of life。 There is scarcely a great truth or
doctrine but has had to fight its way to public recognition in the
face of detraction; calumny; and persecution。 〃Everywhere;〃 says
Heine; 〃that a great soul gives utterance to its thoughts; there
also is a Golgotha。〃
〃Many loved Truth and lavished life's best oil;
Amid the dust of books to find her;
Content at last; for guerdon of their toil;
With the cast mantle she had left behind her。
Many in sad faith sought for her;
Many with crossed hands sighed for her;
But these; our brothers; fought for her;
At life's dear peril wrought for her;
So loved her that they died for her;
Tasting the raptured fleetness
Of her divine completeness。〃 (1)
Socrates was condemned to drink the hemlock at Athens in his
seventy…second year; because his lofty teaching ran counter to the
prejudices and party…spirit of his age。 He was charged by his
accusers with corrupting the youth of Athens by inciting them to
despise the tutelary deities of the state。 He had the moral
courage to brave not only the tyranny of the judges who condemned
him; but of the mob who could