phocion-第6节

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persuade　the　people　to　spare　him　at　this　time；　and　reserve　him　（with
whom　none　could　compare）　for　a　more　pressing　occasion；　and　now　to　give
Antiphilus　the　command　of　the　army。　This　pleased　the　generality；　but
Phocion　made　it　appear　he　was　so　far　from　having　any　friendship　with
him　of　old　standing；　that　he　had　not　so　much　as　the　least
familiarity　with　him；　〃Yet　now；　sir；〃　says　he；　〃give　me　leave　to　put
you　down　among　the　number　of　my　friends　and　well…wishers；　as　you
have　given　a　piece　of　advice　so　much　to　my　advantage。〃
　　When　the　people　were　eager　to　make　an　expedition　against　the
Boeotians；　he　at　first　opposed　it；　and　on　his　friends　telling　him
the　people　would　kill　him　for　always　running　counter　to　them；　〃That
will　be　unjust　of　them；〃　he　said；　〃if　I　give　them　honest　advice；　if
not；　it　will　be　just　of　them。〃　But　when　he　found　them　persisting　and
shouting　to　him　to　lead　them　out；　he　commanded　the　crier　to　make
proclamation；　that　all　the　Athenians　under　sixty　should　instantly
provide　themselves　with　five　days'　provision；　and　follow　him　from
the　assembly。　This　caused　a　great　tumult。　Those　in　years　were
startled；　and　clamoured　against　the　order；　he　demanded　wherein　he
injured　them；　〃For　I；〃　says　he；　〃am　now　fourscore；　and　am　ready　to
lead　you。〃　This　succeeded　in　pacifying　them　for　the　present。
　　But　when　Micion；　with　a　large　force　of　Macedonians　and
mercenaries；　began　to　pillage　the　sea…coast；　having　made　a　descent
upon　Rhamnus；　and　overrun　the　neighbouring　country；　Phocion　led　out
the　Athenians　to　attack　him。　And　when　sundry　private　persons　came；
intermeddling　with　his　dispositions；　and　telling　him　that　he　ought
to　occupy　such　or　such　a　hill；　detach　the　cavalry　in　this　or　that
direction；　engage　the　enemy　on　this　point　or　that；　〃Oh　Hercules；〃　said
he；　〃how　many　generals　have　we　here；　and　how　few　soldiers！〃
Afterwards；　having　formed　the　battle；　one　who　wished　to　show　his
bravery　advanced　out　of　his　post　before　the　rest；　but　on　the　enemy's
approaching；　lost　heart；　and　retired　back　into　his　rank。　〃Young
man；〃　said　Phocion；　〃are　you　not　ashamed　twice　in　one　day　to　desert
your　station；　first　that　on　which　I　had　placed　you；　and　secondly
that　on　which　you　had　placed　yourself？〃　However；　he　entirely　routed
the　enemy；　killing　Micion　and　many　more　on　the　spot。　The　Grecian　army；
also；　in　Thessaly；　after　Leonnatus　and　the　Macedonians　who　came　with
him　out　of　Asia　had　arrived　and　joined　Antipater；　fought　and　beat　them
in　a　battle。　Leonnatus　was　killed　in　the　fight；　Antiphilus
commanding　the　foot；　and　Menon；　the　Thessalian；　the　horse。
　　But　not　long　after；　Craterus　crossed　from　Asia　with　numerous　forces；
a　pitched　battle　was　fought　at　Cranon；　the　Greeks　were　beaten；
though　not；　indeed；　in　a　signal　defeat；　nor　with　any　great　loss　of
men。　But　what　with　their　want　of　obedience　to　their　commanders；　who
were　young　and　over…indulgent　with　them；　and　what　with　Antipater's
tampering　and　treating　with　their　separate　cities；　one　by　one；　the　end
of　it　was　that　the　army　was　dissolved；　and　the　Greeks　shamefully
surrendered　the　liberty　of　their　country。
　　Upon　the　news　of　Antipater's　now　advancing　at　once　against　Athens；
with　all　his　force；　Demosthenes　and　Hyperides　deserted　the　city；　and
Demades；　who　was　altogether　insolvent　for　any　part　of　the　fines　that
had　been　laid　upon　him　by　the　city；　for　he　had　been　condemned　no
less　than　seven　times　for　introducing　bills　contrary　to　the　laws；
and　who　had　been　disfranchised；　and　was　no　longer　competent　to　vote　in
the　assembly；　laid　hold　of　this　season　of　impunity　to　bring　in　a
bill　for　sending　ambassadors　with　plenipotentiary　power　to
Antipater；　to　treat　about　a　peace。　But　the　people　distrusted　him；
and　called　upon　Phocion　to　give　his　opinion；　as　the　person　they　only
and　entirely　confided　in。　He　told　them；　〃If　my　former　counsels　had
been　prevalent　with　you；　we　had　not　been　reduced　to　deliberate　the
question　at　all。〃　However；　the　vote　passed；　and　a　decree　was　made；　and
he　with　others　deputed　to　go　to　Antipater；　who　lay　now　encamped　in　the
Theban　territories；　but　intended　to　dislodge　immediately；　and　pass
into　Attica。　Phocion's　first　request　was；　that　he　would　make　the
treaty　without　moving　his　camp。　And　when　Craterus　declared　that　it　was
not　fair　to　ask　them　to　be　burdensome　to　the　country　of　their
friends　and　allies　by　their　stay；　when　they　might　rather　use　that　of
their　enemies　for　provisions　and　the　support　of　their　army；　Antipater；
taking　him　by　the　hand；　said；　〃We　must　grant　this　favour　to
Phocion。〃　For　the　rest　he　bade　them　return　to　their　principals；　and
acquaint　them　that　he　could　only　offer　them　the　same　terms；　namely；　to
surrender　at　discretion；　which　Leosthenes　had　offered　to　him　when　he
was　shut　up　in　Lamia。
　　When　Phocion　had　returned　to　the　city　and　acquainted　them　with
this　answer；　they　made　a　virtue　of　necessity　and　complied；　since　it
would　be　no　better。　So　Phocion　returned　to　Thebes　with　the　other
ambassadors；　and　among　the　rest　Xenocrates；　the　philosopher；　the
reputation　of　whose　virtue　and　wisdom　was　so　great　and　famous
everywhere；　that　they　conceived　there　could　not　be　any　pride；　cruelty；
or　anger　arising　in　the　heart　of　man；　which　would　not　at　the　mere
sight　of　him　be　subdued　into　something　of　reverence　and　admiration。
But　the　result；　as　it　happened；　was　the　very　opposite；　Antipater
showed　such　a　want　of　feeling；　and　such　a　dislike　of　goodness。　He
saluted　every　one　else；　but　would　not　so　much　as　notice　Xenocrates。
Xenocrates；　they　tell　us；　observed　upon　it；　that　Antipater；　when
meditating　such　cruelty　to　Athens；　did　well　to　be　ashamed　of　seeing
him。　When　he　began　to　speak；　he　would　not　hear　him；　but　broke　in　and
rudely　interrupted　him；　until　at　last　he　was　obliged　to　be　silent。　But
when　Phocion　had　declared　the　purport　of　their　embassy；　he　replied
shortly；　that　he　would　make　peace　with　the　Athenians　on　these
conditions；　and　no　others；　that　Demosthenes　and　Hyperides　should　be
delivered　up　to　him；　that　they　should　retain　their　ancient　form　of
government；　the　franchise　being　determined　by　a　property
qualification；　that　they　should　receive　a　garrison　into　Munychia；
and　pay　a　certain　sum　of　the　cost　of　the　war。　As　things　stood；　these
terms　were　judged　tolerable　by　the　rest　of　the　ambassadors；　Xenocrates
only　said；　that　if　Antipater　considered　the　Athenians　slaves；　he　was
treating　them　fairly；　but　if　free；　severely。　Phocion　pressed　him
only　to　spare　them　the　garrison；　and　used　many　arguments　and
entreaties。　Antipater　replied；　〃Phocion；　we　are　ready　to　do　you　any
favour；　which　will　not　bring　ruin　both　on　ourselves　and　on　you。〃
Others　report　it　differently；　that　Antipater　asked　Phocion；
supposing　he　remitted　the　garrison　to　the　Athenians；　would　he；
Phocion；　stand　surety　for　the　city's　observing　the　terms　and
attempting　no　revolution？　And　when　he　hesitated；　and　did　not　at　once
reply；　Callimedon；　the　Carabus；　a　hot　partisan　and　professed　enemy
of　free　states；　cried　out；　〃And　if　he　should　talk　so　idly；
Antipater；　will　you　be　so　much　abused　as　to　believe　him　and　not
carry　out　your　own　purpose？〃　So　the　Athenians　received　the　garrison；
and　Menyllus　for　the　governor；　a　fair…dealing　man；　and　one　of
Phocion's　acquaintance。
　　But　the　proceeding　seemed　sufficiently　imperious　and　arbitrary；
indeed　rather　a　spiteful　and　insulting　ostentation　of　power；　than　that
the　possession　of　the　fortress　would　be　of　any　great　importance。　The
resentment　felt　upon　it　was　heightened　by　the　time　it　happened　in；　for
the　garrison　was　brought　in　on　the　twentieth　of　the　month　of
Boedromion。　Just　at　the　time　of　the　great　festival；　when　they　carry
forth　Iacchus　with　solemn　pomp　from　the　city　to　Eleusis；　so　that　the
solemnity　being　disturbed；　many　began　to　call　to　mind　instances；
both　ancient　and　modern；　of　divine　interventions　and　intimations。
For　in　old　time；　upon　the　occasions　of　their　happiest　successes；　the
presence　of　the　shapes　and　voices　of　the　mystic　ceremonies　had　been
vouchsafed　to　them；　striking　terror　and　amazement　into　their
enemies；　but　now；　at　the　very　season　of　their　celebration；　the　gods
themselves　stood　witnesses　of　the　saddest　oppressions　of　Greece；　the
most　holy　time　being　profaned；　and　their　greatest　jubilee　made　the
unlucky　date　of　their　most　extreme　calamity。　Not　many　years　before；
they　had　a　warning　from　the　oracle　at　Dodona；　that　they　should
carefully　guard　the　summits　of　Diana；　lest　haply　strangers　should
seize　them。　And　about　this　very　time；　when　they　dyed　the　ribbons　and
garlands　with　which　they　adorn　the　couches　and　cars　of　the　procession；
instead　of　a　purple；　they　received　only　a　faint　yellow　colour；　and
to　make　the　omen　yet　greater；　all　the　things　that　were　dyed　for　common
use；　took　the　natural　colour。　While　a　candidate　for　initiation　was
washing　a　young　pig　in　the　haven　of　Cantharus；　a　shark　seized　him；　bit
off　his　lower　parts　up　to　the　belly；　and　devoured　them；　by　which　the
god　gave　them　manifestly　to　understand；　that　having　lost　the　lower
town　and　sea…coast；　they　should　keep　only　the　upper　city。
　　Menyllus　was　sufficient　security　that　the　garrison　should　behave
itself　inoffensively。　But　those　who　were　now　excluded　from　the
franchise　by　property　amounted　to　more　than　twelve　thousand；