the hunchback of notre dame-第28节
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ere were some everywhere。 The amusingly varied crests of these beautiful edifices were the product of the same art as the simple roofs which they overshot； and were； actually； only a multiplication of the square or the cube of the same geometrical figure。 Hence they complicated the whole effect； without disturbing it； completed； without overloading it。 Geometry is harmony。 Some fine mansions here and there made magnificent outlines against the picturesque attics of the left bank。 The house of Nevers； the house of Rome； the house of Reims； which have disappeared； the H？tel de Cluny； which still exists； for the consolation of the artist； and whose tower was so stupidly deprived of its crown a few years ago。 Close to Cluny； that Roman palace； with fine round arches； were once the hot baths of Julian。 There were a great many abbeys； of a beauty more devout； of a grandeur more solemn than the mansions； but not less beautiful； not less grand。 Those which first caught the eye were the Bernardins； with their three bell towers； Sainte…Geneviève； whose square tower； which still exists； makes us regret the rest； the Sorbonne； half college； half monastery； of which so admirable a nave survives； the fine quadrilateral cloister of the Mathurins； its neighbor； the cloister of Saint…Benoit； within whose walls they have had time to cobble up a theatre； between the seventh and eighth editions of this book； the Cordeliers； with their three enormous adjacent gables； the Augustins； whose graceful spire formed； after the Tour de Nesle； the second denticulation on this side of Paris； starting from the west。 The colleges； which are； in fact； the intermediate ring between the cloister and the world； hold the middle position in the monumental series between the H？tels and the abbeys； with a severity full of elegance； sculpture less giddy than the palaces； an architecture less severe than the convents。 Unfortunately； hardly anything remains of these monuments； where Gothic art combined with so just a balance； richness and economy。 The churches （and they were numerous and splendid in the University； and they were graded there also in all the ages of architecture； from the round arches of Saint…Julian to the pointed arches of Saint…Séverin）； the churches dominated the whole； and； like one harmony more in this mass of harmonies； they pierced in quick succession the multiple open work of the gables with slashed spires； with open…work bell towers； with slender pinnacles； whose line was also only a magnificent exaggeration of the acute angle of the roofs。
The ground of the University was hilly； Mount Sainte… Geneviève formed an enormous mound to the south； and it was a sight to see from the summit of Notre…Dame how that throng of narrow and tortuous streets （to…day the Latin Quarter）； those bunches of houses which； spread out in every direction from the top of this eminence； precipitated themselves in disorder； and almost perpendicularly down its flanks； nearly to the water's edge； having the air； some of falling； others of clambering up again； and all of holding to one another。 A continual flux of a thousand black points which passed each other on the pavements made everything move before the eyes； it was the populace seen thus from aloft and afar。
Lastly； in the intervals of these roofs； of these spires； of these accidents of numberless edifices； which bent and writhed； and jagged in so eccentric a manner the extreme line of the University； one caught a glimpse； here and there； of a great expanse of moss…grown wall； a thick； round tower； a crenellated city gate； shadowing forth the fortress； it was the wall of Philip Augustus。 Beyond； the fields gleamed green； beyond； fled the roads； along which were scattered a few more suburban houses； which became more infrequent as they became more distant。 Some of these faubourgs were important： there were； first； starting from la Tournelle； the Bourg Saint…Victor； with its one arch bridge over the Bièvre； its abbey where one could read the epitaph of Louis le Gros； ~epitaphium Ludovici Grossi~； and its church with an octagonal spire； flanked with four little bell towers of the eleventh century （a similar one can be seen at Etampes； it is not yet destroyed）； next； the Bourg Saint… Marceau； which already had three churches and one convent； then； leaving the mill of the Gobelins and its four white walls on the left； there was the Faubourg Saint…Jacques with the beautiful carved cross in its square； the church of Saint… Jacques du Haut…Pas； which was then Gothic； pointed； charming； Saint…Magloire； a fine nave of the fourteenth century； which Napoleon turned into a hayloft； Notre…Dame des Champs； where there were Byzantine mosaics； lastly； after having left behind； full in the country； the Monastery des Chartreux； a rich edifice contemporary with the Palais de Justice； with its little garden divided into compartments； and the haunted ruins of Vauvert； the eye fell； to the west； upon the three Roman spires of Saint…Germain des Prés。 The Bourg Saint…Germain； already a large community； formed fifteen or twenty streets in the rear； the pointed bell tower of Saint… Sulpice marked one corner of the town。 Close beside it one descried the quadrilateral enclosure of the fair of Saint… Germain； where the market is situated to…day； then the abbot's pillory； a pretty little round tower； well capped with a leaden cone； the brickyard was further on； and the Rue du Four； which led to the common bakehouse； and the mill on its hillock； and the lazar house； a tiny house； isolated and half seen。
But that which attracted the eye most of all； and fixed it for a long time on that point； was the abbey itself。 It is certain that this monastery； which had a grand air； both as a church and as a seignory； that abbatial palace； where the bishops of Paris counted themselves happy if they could pass the night； that refectory； upon which the architect had bestowed the air； the beauty； and the rose window of a cathedral； that elegant chapel of the Virgin； that monumental dormitory； those vast gardens； that portcullis； that drawbridge； that envelope of battlements which notched to the eye the verdure of the surrounding meadows； those courtyards； where gleamed men at arms； intermingled with golden copes；the whole grouped and clustered about three lofty spires； with round arches； well planted upon a Gothic apse； made a magnificent figure against the horizon。
When； at length； after having contemplated the University for a long time； you turned towards the right bank； towards the Town； the character of the spectacle was abruptly altered。 The Town； in fact much larger than the University； was also less of a unit。 At the first glance； one saw that it was divided into many masses； singularly distinct。 First； to the eastward； in that part of the town which still takes its name from the marsh where Camulogènes entangled Caesar； was a pile of palaces。 The block extended to the very water's edge。 Four almost contiguous H？tels； Jouy； Sens； Barbeau； the house of the Queen； mirrored their slate peaks； broken with slender turrets； in the Seine。
These four edifices filled the space from the Rue des Nonaindières； to the abbey of the Celestins； whose spire gracefully relieved their line of gables and battlements。 A few miserable； greenish hovels； hanging over the water in front of these sumptuous H？tels； did not prevent one from seeing the fine angles of their fa？ades； their large； square windows with stone mullions； their pointed porches overloaded with statues； the vivid outlines of their walls； always clear cut； and all those charming accidents of architecture； which cause Gothic art to have the air of beginning its combinations afresh with every monument。
Behind these palaces； extended in all directions； now broken； fenced in； battlemented like a citadel； now veiled by great trees like a Carthusian convent； the immense and multiform enclosure of that miraculous H？tel de Saint…Pol； where the King of France possessed the means of lodging superbly two and twenty princes of the rank of the dauphin and the Duke of Burgundy； with their domestics and their suites； without counting the great lords； and the emperor when he came to view Paris； and the lions； who had their separate H？tel at the royal H？tel。 Let us say here that a prince's apartment was then composed of never less than eleven large rooms； from the chamber of state to the oratory； not to mention the galleries； baths； vapor…baths； and other 〃superfluous places；〃 with which each apartment was provided； not to mention the private gardens for each of the king's guests； not to mention the kitchens； the cellars； the domestic offices； the general refectories of the house； the poultry…yards； where there were twenty…two general laboratories； from the bakehouses to the wine…cellars； games of a thousand sorts； malls； tennis； and riding at the ring； aviaries； fishponds； menageries； stables； barns； libraries； arsenals and foundries。 This was what a king's palace； a Louvre； a H？tel de Saint…Pol was then。 A city within a city。
From the tower where we are placed； the H？tel Saint…Pol； almost half hidden by the four great houses of which we have just spoken； was still very considerable and very ma
