lectures14+15-第13节

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mix　it　with　some　worldly　temper。　It　has　always　found　good　men　who



could　follow　most　of　its　impulses；　but　who　stopped　short　when　it



came　to　non…resistance。　　Christ　himself　was　fierce　upon　occasion。　



Cromwells；　Stonewall　Jacksons；　Gordons；　show　that　Christians　can



be　strong　men　also。







＇223＇　We　all　know　DAFT　saints；　and　they　inspire　a　queer　kind　of



aversion。　But　in　comparing　saints　with　strong　men　we　must　choose



individuals　on　the　same　intellectual　level。　　The　under…witted



strong　man　homologous　in　his　sphere　with　the　under…witted　saint；



is　the　bully　of　the　slums；　the　hooligan　or　rowdy。　　Surely　on　this



level　also　the　saint　preserves　a　certain　superiority。















How　is　success　to　be　absolutely　measured　when　there　are　so　many



environments　and　so　many　ways　of　looking　at　the　adaptation？　　It



cannot　be　measured　absolutely；　the　verdict　will　vary　according　to



the　point　of　view　adopted。　　From　the　biological　point　of　view



Saint　Paul　was　a　failure；　because　he　was　beheaded。　　Yet　he　was



magnificently　adapted　to　the　larger　environment　of　history；　and



so　far　as　any　saint's　example　is　a　leaven　of　righteousness　in　the



world；　and　draws　it　in　the　direction　of　more　prevalent　habits　of



saintliness；　he　is　a　success；　no　matter　what　his　immediate　bad



fortune　may　be。　　The　greatest　saints；　the　spiritual　heroes　whom



every　one　acknowledges；　the　Francises；　Bernards；　Luthers；



Loyolas；　Wesleys；　Channings；　Moodys；　Gratrys；　the　Phillips



Brookses；　the　Agnes　Joneses；　Margaret　Hallahans；　and　Dora



Pattisons；　are　successes　from　the　outset。　　They　show　themselves；



and　there　is　no　question；　every　one　perceives　their　strength　and



stature。　　Their　sense　of　mystery　in　things；　their　passion；　their



goodness；　irradiate　about　them　and　enlarge　their　outlines　while



they　soften　them。　　They　are　like　pictures　with　an　atmosphere　and



background；　and；　placed　alongside　of　them；　the　strong　men　of　this



world　and　no　other　seem　as　dry　as　sticks；　as　hard　and　crude　as



blocks　of　stone　or　brick…bats。







In　a　general　way；　then；　and　〃on　the　whole；〃＇224＇　our　abandonment



of　theological　criteria；　and　our　testing　of　religion　by　practical



common　sense　and　the　empirical　method；　leave　it　in　possession　of



its　towering　place　in　history。　　Economically；　the　saintly　group



of　qualities　is　indispensable　to　the　world's　welfare。　　The　great



saints　are　immediate　successes；　the　smaller　ones　are　at　least



heralds　and　harbingers；　and　they　may　be　leavens　also；　of　a　better



mundane　order。　　Let　us　be　saints；　then；　if　we　can；　whether　or　not



we　succeed　visibly　and　temporally。　　But　in　our　Father's　house　are



many　mansions；　and　each　of　us　must　discover　for　himself　the　kind



of　religion　and　the　amount　of　saintship　which　best　comports　with



what　he　believes　to　be　his　powers　and　feels　to　be　his　truest



mission　and　vocation。　　There　are　no　successes　to　be　guaranteed



and　no　set　orders　to　be　given　to　individuals；　so　long　as　we



follow　the　methods　of　empirical　philosophy。







＇224＇　See　above；　p。　321。















This　is　my　conclusion　so　far。　　I　know　that　on　some　of　your　minds



it　leaves　a　feeling　of　wonder　that　such　a　method　should　have　been



applied　to　such　a　subject；　and　this　in　spite　of　all　those　remarks



about　empiricism　which　I　made　at　the　beginning　of　Lecture



XIII。＇225＇　How；　you　say；　can　religion；　which　believes　in　two



worlds　and　an　invisible　order；　be　estimated　by　the　adaptation　of



its　fruits　to　this　world's　order　alone？　　It　is　its　truth；　not　its



utility；　you　insist；　upon　which　our　verdict　ought　to　depend。　　If



religion　is　true；　its　fruits　are　good　fruits；　even　though　in　this



world　they　should　prove　uniformly　ill　adapted　and　full　of　naught



but　pathos。　　It　goes　back；　then；　after　all；　to　the　question　of



the　truth　of　theology。　The　plot　inevitably　thickens　upon　us；　we



cannot　escape　theoretical　considerations。　　I　propose；　then；　that



to　some　degree　we　face　the　responsibility。　　Religious　persons



have　often；　though　not　uniformly；　professed　to　see　truth　in　a



special　manner。　　That　manner　is　known　as　mysticism。　　I　will



consequently　now　proceed　to　treat　at　some　length　of　mystical



phenomena；　and　after　that；　though　more　briefly；　I　will　consider



religious　philosophy。







＇225＇　Above；　pp。　321…327