the bhagavad-gita(巴哥维得·吉它)-第15节
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Worship of gods Meriting worship； lowly reverence Of Twice…borns；
Teachers； Elders； Purity； Rectitude； and the Brahmacharya's vow； And not
to injure any helpless thing； These make a true religiousness of Act。
Words causing no man woe； words ever true； Gentle and pleasing
words； and those ye say In murmured reading of a Sacred Writ； These
make the true religiousness of Speech。
Serenity of soul； benignity； Sway of the silent Spirit； constant stress To
sanctify the Nature；these things make Good rite； and true religiousness
of Mind。
Such threefold faith； in highest piety Kept； with no hope of gain； by
hearts devote； Is perfect work of Sattwan； true belief。
Religion shown in act of proud display To win good entertainment；
worship； fame； Suchsay Iis of Rajas； rash and vain。
Religion followed by a witless will To torture self； or come at power to
hurt Another；'tis of Tamas； dark and ill。
The gift lovingly given； when one shall say 〃Now must I gladly give！〃
when he who takes Can render nothing back； made in due place； Due time；
and to a meet recipient； Is gift of Sattwan； fair and profitable。
The gift selfishly given； where to receive Is hoped again； or when
some end is sought； Or where the gift is proffered with a grudge； This is of
Rajas； stained with impulse； ill。
The gift churlishly flung； at evil time； In wrongful place； to base
recipient； Made in disdain or harsh unkindliness； Is gift of Tamas； dark； it
doth not bless！＇FN#37＇
HERE ENDETHCHAPTER XVII。 OF THE BHAGAVAD…GITA；
Entitled 〃Sraddhatrayavibhagayog；〃 Or 〃The Book of Religion by the
Threefold Kinds of Faith。〃
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The Bhagavad…Gita； translated
CHAPTER XVIII
Arjuna。 Fain would I better know； Thou Glorious One！ The very truth…
…Heart's Lord！of Sannyas； Abstention； and enunciation； Lord！ Tyaga；
and what separates these twain！
Krishna。 The poets rightly teach that Sannyas Is the foregoing of all
acts which spring Out of desire； and their wisest say Tyaga is renouncing
fruit of acts。
There be among the saints some who have held All action sinful； and
to be renounced； And some who answer； 〃Nay！ the goodly acts As
worship； penance； almsmust be performed！〃 Hear now My sentence；
Best of Bharatas！
'Tis well set forth； O Chaser of thy Foes！ Renunciation is of threefold
form； And Worship； Penance； Alms； not to be stayed； Nay； to be gladly
done； for all those three Are purifying waters for true souls！
Yet must be practised even those high works In yielding up attachment；
and all fruit Produced by works。 This is My judgment； Prince！ This My
insuperable and fixed decree！
Abstaining from a work by right prescribed Never is meet！ So to
abstain doth spring From 〃Darkness；〃 and Delusion teacheth it。 Abstaining
from a work grievous to flesh； When one saith 〃'Tisunpleasing！〃 this is
null！ Such an one acts from 〃passion；〃 nought of gain Wins his
Renunciation！ But； Arjun！ Abstaining from attachment to the work；
Abstaining from rewardment in the work； While yet one doeth it full
faithfully； Saying； 〃Tis right to do！〃 that is 〃true 〃 act And abstinence！
Who doeth duties so； Unvexed if his work fail； if it succeed Unflattered； in
his own heart justified； Quit of debates and doubts； his is 〃true〃 act： For；
being in the body； none may stand Wholly aloof from act； yet； who
abstains From profit of his acts is abstinent。
The fruit of labours； in the lives to come； Is threefold for all men；
Desirable； And Undesirable； and mixed of both； But no fruit is at all where
no work was。
Hear from me； Long…armed Lord！ the makings five Which go to every
act； in Sankhya taught As necessary。 First the force； and then The agent；
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The Bhagavad…Gita； translated
next； the various instruments； Fourth； the especial effort； fifth； the God。
What work soever any mortal doth Of body； mind； or speech； evil or good；
By these five doth he that。 Which being thus； Whoso； for lack of
knowledge； seeth himself As the sole actor； knoweth nought at all And
seeth nought。 Therefore； I say； if one Holding aloof from selfwith
unstained mind Should slay all yonder host； being bid to slay； He doth not
slay； he is not bound thereby！
Knowledge； the thing known； and the mind which knows； These make
the threefold starting…ground of act。 The act； the actor； and the instrument；
These make the threefold total of the deed。 But knowledge； agent； act； are
differenced By three dividing qualities。 Hear now Which be the qualities
dividing them。
There is 〃true〃 Knowledge。 Learn thou it is this： To see one changeless
Life in all the Lives； And in the Separate； One Inseparable。 There is
imperfect Knowledge： that which sees The separate existences apart； And；
being separated； holds them real。 There is false Knowledge： that which
blindly clings To one as if 'twere all； seeking no Cause； Deprived of light；
narrow； and dull； and 〃dark。〃
There is 〃right〃 Action： that which being enjoined Is wrought
without attachment； passionlessly； For duty； not for love； nor hate； nor gain。
There is 〃vain〃 Action： that which men pursue Aching to satisfy desires；
impelled By sense of self； with all…absorbing stress： This is of Rajas
passionate and vain。 There is 〃dark〃 Action： when one doth a thing
Heedless of issues； heedless of the hurt Or wrong for others； heedless if he
harm His own soul'tis of Tamas； black and bad！
There is the 〃rightful〃doer。 He who acts Free from self…seeking；
humble； resolute； Steadfast； in good or evil hap the same； Content to do
aright…he 〃truly〃 acts。 There is th' 〃impassioned〃 doer。 He that works From
impulse； seeking profit； rude and bold To overcome； unchastened； slave by
turns Of sorrow and of joy： of Rajas he！ And there be evil doers； loose of
heart； Low…minded； stubborn； fraudulent； remiss； Dull； slow； despondent
children of the 〃dark。〃
Hear； too； of Intellect and Steadfastness The threefold separation；
Conqueror…Prince！ How these are set apart by Qualities。
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The Bhagavad…Gita； translated
Good is the Intellect which comprehends The coming forth and going
back of life； What must be done； and what must not be done； What should
be feared； and what should not be feared； What binds and what
emancipates the soul： That is of Sattwan； Prince！ of 〃soothfastness。〃
Marred is the Intellect which； knowing right And knowing wrong； and
what is well to do And what must not be done； yet understands Nought
with firm mind； nor as the calm truth is： This is of Rajas； Prince！ and
〃passionate！〃 Evil is Intellect which； wrapped in gloom； Looks upon
wrong as right； and sees all things Contrariwise of Truth。 O Pritha's Son！
That is of Tamas； 〃dark〃 and desperate！
Good is the steadfastness whereby a man Masters his beats of heart；
his very breath Of life； the action of his senses； fixed In never…shaken faith
and piety： That is of Sattwan； Prince！ 〃soothfast〃 and fair！ Stained is the
steadfastness whereby a man Holds to his duty； purpose； effort； end； For
life's sake； and the love of goods to gain； Arjuna！ 'tis of Rajas； passion…
stamped！ Sad is the steadfastness wherewith the fool Cleaves to his sloth；
his sorrow； and his fears； His folly and despair。 ThisPritha's Son！ Is
born of Tamas； 〃dark〃 and miserable！
Hear further； Chief of Bharatas！ from Me The threefold kinds of
Pleasure which there be。
Good Pleasure is the pleasure that endures； Banishing pain for aye；
bitter at first As poison to the soul； but afterward Sweet as the taste of
Amrit。 Drink of that！ It springeth in the Spirit's deep content。 And painful
Pleasure springeth from th
