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when it is hardly capable of knowing anything else。〃  T。 C。



Upham:  The Life and Religious Experiences of Madame de la Mothe



Guyon; New York; 1877; vol。 i。 p。 260。







'160' I have considerably abridged the words of the original;



which is given in Edwards's Narrative of the Revival in New



England。















The annals of Catholic saintship abound in records as ecstatic or



more ecstatic than this。  〃Often the assaults of the divine



love;〃 it is said of the Sister Seraphique de la Martiniere;



〃reduced her almost to the point of death。  She used tenderly to



complain of this to God。  'I cannot support it;' she used to say。







'Bear gently with my weakness; or I shall expire under the



violence of your love。'〃'161'







'161' Bougaud:  Hist。 de la Bienheureuse Marguerite Marie; 1894;



p。 125。















Let me pass next to the Charity and Brotherly Love which are a



usual fruit of saintliness; and have always been reckoned



essential theological virtues; however limited may have been the



kinds of service which the particular theology enjoined。



Brotherly love would follow logically from the assurance of God's



friendly presence; the notion of our brotherhood as men being an



immediate inference from that of God's fatherhood of us all。 



When Christ utters the precepts:  〃Love your enemies; bless them



that curse you; do good to them that hate you; and pray for them



which despitefully use you; and persecute you;〃 he gives for a



reason:  〃That ye may be the children of your Father which is in



heaven:  for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the



good; and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust。〃  One



might therefore be tempted to explain both the humility as to



one's self and the charity towards others which characterize



spiritual excitement; as results of the all…leveling character of



theistic belief。  But these affections are certainly not mere



derivatives of theism。  We find them in Stoicism; in Hinduism;



and in Buddhism in the highest possible degree。 They HARMONIZE



with paternal theism beautifully; but they harmonize with all



reflection whatever upon the dependence of mankind on general



causes; and we must; I think; consider them not subordinate but



coordinate parts of that great complex excitement in the study of



which we are engaged。 Religious rapture; moral enthusiasm;



ontological wonder; cosmic emotion; are all unifying states of



mind; in which the sand and grit of the selfhood incline to



disappear; and tenderness to rule。  The best thing is to describe



the condition integrally as a characteristic affection to which



our nature is liable; a region in which we find ourselves at



home; a sea in which we swim; but not to pretend to explain its



parts by deriving them too cleverly from one another。  Like love



or fear; the faith…state is a natural psychic complex; and



carries charity with it by organic consequence。  Jubilation is an



expansive affection; and all expansive affections are



self…forgetful and kindly so long as they endure。







We find this the case even when they are pathological in origin。 



In his instructive work; la Tristesse et la Joie;'162' M。 Georges



Dumas compares together the melancholy and the joyous phase of



circular insanity; and shows that; while selfishness



characterizes the one; the other is marked by altruistic



impulses。  No human being so stingy and useless as was Marie in



her melancholy period!  But the moment the happy period begins;



〃sympathy and kindness become her characteristic sentiments。  She



displays a universal goodwill; not only of intention; but in act。



。 。 。  She becomes solicitous of the health of other patients;



interested in getting them out; desirous to procure wool to knit



socks for some of them。 Never since she has been under my



observation have I heard her in her joyous period utter any but



charitable opinions。〃'163'  And later; Dr。 Dumas says of all such



joyous conditions that 〃unselfish sentiments and tender emotions



are the only affective states to be found in them。  The subject's



mind is closed against envy; hatred; and vindictiveness; and



wholly transformed into benevolence; indulgence; and mercy。〃'164'







'162' Paris; 1900。







'163' Page 130。







'164' Page 167。















There is thus an organic affinity between joyousness and



tenderness; and their companionship in the saintly life need in



no way occasion surprise。  Along with the happiness; this



increase of tenderness is often noted in narratives of



conversion。 〃I began to work for others〃;〃I had more tender



feeling for my family and friends〃;〃I spoke at once to a person



with whom I had been angry〃;〃I felt for every one; and loved my



friends better〃;〃I felt every one to be my friend〃;these are



so many expressions from the records collected by Professor



Starbuck。'165'







'165' Op。 cit。; p。 127。















〃When;〃 says Mrs。 Edwards; continuing the narrative from which I



made quotation a moment ago; 〃I arose on the morning of the



Sabbath; I felt a love to all mankind; wholly peculiar in its



strength and sweetness; far beyond all that I had ever felt



before。  The power of that love seemed inexpressible。  I thought;



if I were surrounded by enemies; who were venting their malice



and cruelty upon me; in tormenting me; it would still be



impossible that I should cherish any feelings towards them but



those of love; and pity; and ardent desires for their happiness。 



I never before felt so far from a disposition to judge and



censure others; as I did that morning。  I realized also; in an



unusual and very lively manner; how great a part of Christianity



lies in the performance of our social and relative duties to one



another。  The same joyful sense continued throughout the daya



sweet love to God and all mankind。〃















Whatever be the explanation of the charity; it may efface all



usual human barriers。'166'







'166' The barrier between men and animals also。  We read of



Towianski; an eminent Polish patriot and mystic; that 〃one day



one of his friends met him in the rain; caressing a big dog which



was jumping upon him and covering him horribly with mud。  On



being asked why he permitted the animal thus to dirty his



clothes; Towianski replied:  'This dog; whom I am now meeting for



the first time; has shown a great fellow…feeling for me; and a



great joy in my recognition and acceptance of his greetings。 



Were I to drive him off; I should wound his feelings and do him a



moral injury。  It would be an offense not only to him; but to all



the spirits of the other world who are on the same level with



him。  The damage which he does to my coat is as nothing in



comparison with the wrong which I should inflict upon him; in



case I were to remain indifferent to the manifestations of his



friendship。  We ought;' he added; 'both to lighten the condition



of animals; whenever we can; and at the same time to facilitate



in ourselves that union of the world of all spirits; which the



sacrifice of Christ has made possible。'〃 Andre Towianski;



Traduction de l'Italien; Turin; 1897 (privately printed)。  I owe



my knowledge of this book and of Towianski to my friend Professor



W。 Lutoslawski; author of 〃Plato's Logic。〃















Here; for instance; is an example of Christian non…resistance



from Richard Weaver's autobiography。  Weaver was a collier; a



semi…professional pugilist in his younger days; who became a much



beloved evangelist。  Fighting; after drinking; seems to have been



the sin to which he originally felt his flesh most perversely



inclined。  After his first conversion he had a backsliding; which



consisted in pounding a man who had insulted a girl。  Feeling



that; having once fallen; he might as well be hanged for a sheep



as for a lamb; he got drunk and went and broke the jaw of another



man who had lately challenged him to fight and taunted him with



cowardice for refusing as a Christian man;I mention these



incidents to show how genuine a change of heart is implied in the



later conduct which he describes as follows:







〃I went down the drift and found the boy crying because a



fellow…workman was trying to take the wagon from him by force。  I



said to him:







〃'Tom; you mustn't take that wagon。'







〃He swore at me; and called me a Methodist devil。  I told him



that God did not tell me to let

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