sunday under three heads-µÚ1½Ú
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
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Sunday¡¡Under¡¡Three¡¡Heads
by¡¡Charles¡¡Dickens
DEDICATION
To¡¡The¡¡Right¡¡Reverend
THE¡¡BISHOP¡¡OF¡¡LONDON
MY¡¡LORD£»
You¡¡were¡¡among¡¡the¡¡first£»¡¡some¡¡years¡¡ago£»¡¡to¡¡expatiate¡¡on¡¡the
vicious¡¡addiction¡¡of¡¡the¡¡lower¡¡classes¡¡of¡¡society¡¡to¡¡Sunday
excursions£»¡¡and¡¡were¡¡thus¡¡instrumental¡¡in¡¡calling¡¡forth¡¡occasional
demonstrations¡¡of¡¡those¡¡extreme¡¡opinions¡¡on¡¡the¡¡subject£»¡¡which¡¡are
very¡¡generally¡¡received¡¡with¡¡derision£»¡¡if¡¡not¡¡with¡¡contempt¡£
Your¡¡elevated¡¡station£»¡¡my¡¡Lord£»¡¡affords¡¡you¡¡countless¡¡opportunities
of¡¡increasing¡¡the¡¡comforts¡¡and¡¡pleasures¡¡of¡¡the¡¡humbler¡¡classes¡¡of
society¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡by¡¡the¡¡expenditure¡¡of¡¡the¡¡smallest¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡your
princely¡¡income£»¡¡but¡¡by¡¡merely¡¡sanctioning¡¡with¡¡the¡¡influence¡¡of
your¡¡example£»¡¡their¡¡harmless¡¡pastimes£»¡¡and¡¡innocent¡¡recreations¡£
That¡¡your¡¡Lordship¡¡would¡¡ever¡¡have¡¡contemplated¡¡Sunday¡¡recreations
with¡¡so¡¡much¡¡horror£»¡¡if¡¡you¡¡had¡¡been¡¡at¡¡all¡¡acquainted¡¡with¡¡the
wants¡¡and¡¡necessities¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡¡who¡¡indulged¡¡in¡¡them£»¡¡I¡¡cannot
imagine¡¡possible¡£¡¡¡¡That¡¡a¡¡Prelate¡¡of¡¡your¡¡elevated¡¡rank¡¡has¡¡the
faintest¡¡conception¡¡of¡¡the¡¡extent¡¡of¡¡those¡¡wants£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡nature¡¡of
those¡¡necessities£»¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡believe¡£
For¡¡these¡¡reasons£»¡¡I¡¡venture¡¡to¡¡address¡¡this¡¡little¡¡Pamphlet¡¡to
your¡¡Lordship's¡¡consideration¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡am¡¡quite¡¡conscious¡¡that¡¡the
outlines¡¡I¡¡have¡¡drawn£»¡¡afford¡¡but¡¡a¡¡very¡¡imperfect¡¡description¡¡of
the¡¡feelings¡¡they¡¡are¡¡intended¡¡to¡¡illustrate£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡claim¡¡for¡¡them
one¡¡merit¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡truth¡¡and¡¡freedom¡¡from¡¡exaggeration¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡may¡¡have
fallen¡¡short¡¡of¡¡the¡¡mark£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡have¡¡never¡¡overshot¡¡it£º¡¡¡¡and¡¡while
I¡¡have¡¡pointed¡¡out¡¡what¡¡appears¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡injustice¡¡on¡¡the¡¡part
of¡¡others£»¡¡I¡¡hope¡¡I¡¡have¡¡carefully¡¡abstained¡¡from¡¡committing¡¡it
myself¡£
I¡¡am£»
My¡¡Lord£»
Your¡¡Lordship's¡¡most¡¡obedient£»
Humble¡¡Servant£»
TIMOTHY¡¡SPARKS¡£
JUNE£»¡¡1836¡£
CHAPTER¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡AS¡¡IT¡¡IS
There¡¡are¡¡few¡¡things¡¡from¡¡which¡¡I¡¡derive¡¡greater¡¡pleasure£»¡¡than
walking¡¡through¡¡some¡¡of¡¡the¡¡principal¡¡streets¡¡of¡¡London¡¡on¡¡a¡¡fine
Sunday£»¡¡in¡¡summer£»¡¡and¡¡watching¡¡the¡¡cheerful¡¡faces¡¡of¡¡the¡¡lively
groups¡¡with¡¡which¡¡they¡¡are¡¡thronged¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡something£»¡¡to¡¡my
eyes¡¡at¡¡least£»¡¡exceedingly¡¡pleasing¡¡in¡¡the¡¡general¡¡desire¡¡evinced
by¡¡the¡¡humbler¡¡classes¡¡of¡¡society£»¡¡to¡¡appear¡¡neat¡¡and¡¡clean¡¡on¡¡this
their¡¡only¡¡holiday¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡many¡¡grave¡¡old¡¡persons£»¡¡I¡¡know£»¡¡who
shake¡¡their¡¡heads¡¡with¡¡an¡¡air¡¡of¡¡profound¡¡wisdom£»¡¡and¡¡tell¡¡you¡¡that
poor¡¡people¡¡dress¡¡too¡¡well¡¡now¡a¡days£»¡¡that¡¡when¡¡they¡¡were
children£»¡¡folks¡¡knew¡¡their¡¡stations¡¡in¡¡life¡¡better£»¡¡that¡¡you¡¡may
depend¡¡upon¡¡it£»¡¡no¡¡good¡¡will¡¡come¡¡of¡¡this¡¡sort¡¡of¡¡thing¡¡in¡¡the¡¡end£»
¡¡¡and¡¡so¡¡forth£º¡¡¡¡but¡¡I¡¡fancy¡¡I¡¡can¡¡discern¡¡in¡¡the¡¡fine¡¡bonnet¡¡of
the¡¡working¡man's¡¡wife£»¡¡or¡¡the¡¡feather¡bedizened¡¡hat¡¡of¡¡his¡¡child£»
no¡¡inconsiderable¡¡evidence¡¡of¡¡good¡¡feeling¡¡on¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡man
himself£»¡¡and¡¡an¡¡affectionate¡¡desire¡¡to¡¡expend¡¡the¡¡few¡¡shillings¡¡he
can¡¡spare¡¡from¡¡his¡¡week's¡¡wages£»¡¡in¡¡improving¡¡the¡¡appearance¡¡and
adding¡¡to¡¡the¡¡happiness¡¡of¡¡those¡¡who¡¡are¡¡nearest¡¡and¡¡dearest¡¡to
him¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡may¡¡be¡¡a¡¡very¡¡heinous¡¡and¡¡unbecoming¡¡degree¡¡of¡¡vanity£»
perhaps£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡money¡¡might¡¡possibly¡¡be¡¡applied¡¡to¡¡better¡¡uses£»¡¡it
must¡¡not¡¡be¡¡forgotten£»¡¡however£»¡¡that¡¡it¡¡might¡¡very¡¡easily¡¡be
devoted¡¡to¡¡worse£º¡¡¡¡and¡¡if¡¡two¡¡or¡¡three¡¡faces¡¡can¡¡be¡¡rendered¡¡happy
and¡¡contented£»¡¡by¡¡a¡¡trifling¡¡improvement¡¡of¡¡outward¡¡appearance£»¡¡I
cannot¡¡help¡¡thinking¡¡that¡¡the¡¡object¡¡is¡¡very¡¡cheaply¡¡purchased£»
even¡¡at¡¡the¡¡expense¡¡of¡¡a¡¡smart¡¡gown£»¡¡or¡¡a¡¡gaudy¡¡riband¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡a
great¡¡deal¡¡of¡¡very¡¡unnecessary¡¡cant¡¡about¡¡the¡¡over¡dressing¡¡of¡¡the
common¡¡people¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡not¡¡a¡¡manufacturer¡¡or¡¡tradesman¡¡in
existence£»¡¡who¡¡would¡¡not¡¡employ¡¡a¡¡man¡¡who¡¡takes¡¡a¡¡reasonable¡¡degree
of¡¡pride¡¡in¡¡the¡¡appearance¡¡of¡¡himself¡¡and¡¡those¡¡about¡¡him£»¡¡in
preference¡¡to¡¡a¡¡sullen£»¡¡slovenly¡¡fellow£»¡¡who¡¡works¡¡doggedly¡¡on£»
regardless¡¡of¡¡his¡¡own¡¡clothing¡¡and¡¡that¡¡of¡¡his¡¡wife¡¡and¡¡children£»
and¡¡seeming¡¡to¡¡take¡¡pleasure¡¡or¡¡pride¡¡in¡¡nothing¡£
The¡¡pampered¡¡aristocrat£»¡¡whose¡¡life¡¡is¡¡one¡¡continued¡¡round¡¡of
licentious¡¡pleasures¡¡and¡¡sensual¡¡gratifications£»¡¡or¡¡the¡¡gloomy
enthusiast£»¡¡who¡¡detests¡¡the¡¡cheerful¡¡amusements¡¡he¡¡can¡¡never¡¡enjoy£»
and¡¡envies¡¡the¡¡healthy¡¡feelings¡¡he¡¡can¡¡never¡¡know£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡would
put¡¡down¡¡the¡¡one¡¡and¡¡suppress¡¡the¡¡other£»¡¡until¡¡he¡¡made¡¡the¡¡minds¡¡of
his¡¡fellow¡beings¡¡as¡¡besotted¡¡and¡¡distorted¡¡as¡¡his¡¡own£»¡¡¡¡¡neither
of¡¡these¡¡men¡¡can¡¡by¡¡possibility¡¡form¡¡an¡¡adequate¡¡notion¡¡of¡¡what
Sunday¡¡really¡¡is¡¡to¡¡those¡¡whose¡¡lives¡¡are¡¡spent¡¡in¡¡sedentary¡¡or
laborious¡¡occupations£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡are¡¡accustomed¡¡to¡¡look¡¡forward¡¡to¡¡it
through¡¡their¡¡whole¡¡existence£»¡¡as¡¡their¡¡only¡¡day¡¡of¡¡rest¡¡from¡¡toil£»
and¡¡innocent¡¡enjoyment¡£
The¡¡sun¡¡that¡¡rises¡¡over¡¡the¡¡quiet¡¡streets¡¡of¡¡London¡¡on¡¡a¡¡bright
Sunday¡¡morning£»¡¡shines¡¡till¡¡his¡¡setting£»¡¡on¡¡gay¡¡and¡¡happy¡¡faces¡£
Here¡¡and¡¡there£»¡¡so¡¡early¡¡as¡¡six¡¡o'clock£»¡¡a¡¡young¡¡man¡¡and¡¡woman¡¡in
their¡¡best¡¡attire£»¡¡may¡¡be¡¡seen¡¡hurrying¡¡along¡¡on¡¡their¡¡way¡¡to¡¡the
house¡¡of¡¡some¡¡acquaintance£»¡¡who¡¡is¡¡included¡¡in¡¡their¡¡scheme¡¡of
pleasure¡¡for¡¡the¡¡day£»¡¡from¡¡whence£»¡¡after¡¡stopping¡¡to¡¡take¡¡¡¨a¡¡bit¡¡of
breakfast£»¡¨¡¡they¡¡sally¡¡forth£»¡¡accompanied¡¡by¡¡several¡¡old¡¡people£»
and¡¡a¡¡whole¡¡crowd¡¡of¡¡young¡¡ones£»¡¡bearing¡¡large¡¡hand¡baskets¡¡full¡¡of
provisions£»¡¡and¡¡Belcher¡¡handkerchiefs¡¡done¡¡up¡¡in¡¡bundles£»¡¡with¡¡the
neck¡¡of¡¡a¡¡bottle¡¡sticking¡¡out¡¡at¡¡the¡¡top£»¡¡and¡¡closely¡packed¡¡apples
bulging¡¡out¡¡at¡¡the¡¡sides£»¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡away¡¡they¡¡hurry¡¡along¡¡the¡¡streets
leading¡¡to¡¡the¡¡steam¡packet¡¡wharfs£»¡¡which¡¡are¡¡already¡¡plentifully
sprinkled¡¡with¡¡parties¡¡bound¡¡for¡¡the¡¡same¡¡destination¡£¡¡¡¡Their¡¡good
humour¡¡and¡¡delight¡¡know¡¡no¡¡bounds¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡it¡¡is¡¡a¡¡delightful¡¡morning£»
all¡¡blue¡¡over¡¡head£»¡¡and¡¡nothing¡¡like¡¡a¡¡cloud¡¡in¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡sky£»¡¡and
even¡¡the¡¡air¡¡of¡¡the¡¡river¡¡at¡¡London¡¡Bridge¡¡is¡¡something¡¡to¡¡them£»
shut¡¡up¡¡as¡¡they¡¡have¡¡been£»¡¡all¡¡the¡¡week£»¡¡in¡¡close¡¡streets¡¡and
heated¡¡rooms¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡dozens¡¡of¡¡steamers¡¡to¡¡all¡¡sorts¡¡of¡¡places
¡¡¡Gravesend£»¡¡Greenwich£»¡¡and¡¡Richmond£»¡¡and¡¡such¡¡numbers¡¡of¡¡people£»
that¡¡when¡¡you¡¡have¡¡once¡¡sat¡¡down¡¡on¡¡the¡¡deck£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡all¡¡but¡¡a¡¡moral
impossibility¡¡to¡¡get¡¡up¡¡again¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡say¡¡nothing¡¡of¡¡walking¡¡about£»
which¡¡is¡¡entirely¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡question¡£¡¡¡¡Away¡¡they¡¡go£»¡¡joking¡¡and
laughing£»¡¡and¡¡eating¡¡and¡¡drinking£»¡¡and¡¡admiring¡¡everything¡¡they
see£»¡¡and¡¡pleased¡¡with¡¡everything¡¡they¡¡hear£»¡¡to¡¡climb¡¡Windmill¡¡Hill£»
and¡¡catch¡¡a¡¡glimpse¡¡of¡¡the¡¡rich¡¡corn¡fields¡¡and¡¡beautiful¡¡orchards
of¡¡Kent£»¡¡or¡¡to¡¡stroll¡¡among¡¡the¡¡fine¡¡old¡¡trees¡¡of¡¡Greenwich¡¡Park£»
and¡¡survey¡¡the¡¡wonders¡¡of¡¡Shooter's¡¡Hill¡¡and¡¡Lady¡¡James's¡¡Folly£»¡¡or
to¡¡glide¡¡past¡¡the¡¡beautiful¡¡meadows¡¡of¡¡Twickenham¡¡and¡¡Richmond£»¡¡and
to¡¡gaze¡¡with¡¡a¡¡delight¡¡which¡¡only¡¡people¡¡like¡¡them¡¡can¡¡know£»¡¡on
every¡¡lovely¡¡object¡¡in¡¡the¡¡fair¡¡prospect¡¡around¡£¡¡¡¡Boat¡¡follows
boat£»¡¡and¡¡coach¡¡succeeds¡¡coach£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡next¡¡three¡¡hours£»¡¡but¡¡all
are¡¡filled£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡with¡¡the¡¡same¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡neat¡¡and¡¡clean£»
cheerful¡¡and¡¡contented¡£
They¡¡reach¡¡their¡¡places¡¡of¡¡destination£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡taverns¡¡are
crowded£»¡¡but¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡drunkenness¡¡or¡¡brawling£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡class¡¡of
men¡¡who¡¡commit¡¡the¡¡enormity¡¡of¡¡making¡¡Sunday¡¡excursions£»¡¡take¡¡their
families¡¡with¡¡them£º¡¡¡¡and¡¡this¡¡in¡¡itself¡¡would¡¡be¡¡a¡¡check¡¡upon¡¡them£»
even¡¡if¡¡they¡¡were¡¡inclined¡¡to¡¡dissipation£»¡¡which¡¡they¡¡really¡¡are
not¡£¡¡¡¡Boisterous¡¡their¡¡mirth¡¡may¡¡be£»¡¡for¡¡they¡¡have¡¡all¡¡the
excitement¡¡of¡¡feeling¡¡that¡¡fresh¡¡air¡¡and¡¡green¡¡fields¡¡can¡¡impart¡¡to
the¡¡dwellers¡¡in¡¡crowded¡¡cities£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡innocent¡¡and¡¡harmless¡£
The¡¡glass¡¡is¡¡circulated£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡joke¡¡goes¡¡round£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡one¡¡is
free¡¡from¡¡excess£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡other¡¡from¡¡offence£»¡¡and¡¡nothing¡¡but¡¡good
humour¡¡and¡¡hilarity¡¡prevail¡£
In¡¡streets¡¡like¡¡Holborn¡¡and¡¡Tottenham¡¡Court¡¡Road£»¡¡which¡¡form¡¡the
central¡¡market¡¡of¡¡a¡¡large¡¡neighbourhood£»¡¡inhabited¡¡by¡¡a¡¡vast¡¡number
of¡¡mechanics¡¡and¡¡poor¡¡people£»¡¡a¡¡few¡¡shops¡¡are¡¡open¡¡at¡¡an¡¡early¡¡hour
of¡¡the¡¡morning£»¡¡and¡¡a¡¡very¡¡poor¡¡man£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡thin¡¡and¡¡sickly¡¡woman
by¡¡his¡¡side£»¡¡may¡¡be¡¡seen¡¡with¡¡their¡¡little¡¡basket¡¡in¡¡hand£»
purchasing¡¡the¡¡scanty¡¡quantity¡¡of¡¡necessaries¡¡they¡¡can¡¡afford£»
which¡¡the¡¡time¡¡at¡¡which¡¡the¡¡man¡¡receives¡¡his¡¡wages£»¡¡or¡¡his¡¡having¡¡a
good¡¡deal¡¡of¡¡work¡¡to¡¡do£»¡¡or¡¡the¡¡woman's¡¡having¡¡been¡¡out¡¡charing
till¡¡a¡¡late¡¡hour£»¡¡prevented¡¡their¡¡procuring¡¡over¡night¡£¡¡¡¡The
coffee¡shops¡¡too£»¡¡at¡¡which¡¡clerks¡¡and¡¡young¡¡men¡¡employed¡¡in
counting¡houses¡¡can¡¡procure¡¡their¡¡breakfasts£»¡¡are¡¡also¡¡open¡£¡¡¡¡This
class¡¡comprises£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡place¡¡like¡¡London£»¡¡an¡¡enormous¡¡number¡¡of
people£»¡¡whose¡¡limited¡¡means¡¡prevent¡¡their¡¡engaging¡¡for¡¡their
lodgings¡¡any¡¡other¡¡apartment¡¡than¡¡a¡¡bedroom£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡have
consequently¡¡no¡¡alternative¡¡but¡¡to¡¡take¡¡their¡¡breakfasts¡¡at¡¡a
coffee¡shop£»¡¡or¡¡go¡¡without¡¡it¡¡altogether¡£¡¡¡¡All¡¡these¡¡places£»
however£»¡¡are¡¡quickly¡¡closed£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡the¡¡time¡¡the¡¡church¡¡bells¡¡begin
to¡¡ring£»¡¡all¡¡appearance¡¡of¡¡traffic¡¡has¡¡ceased¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡then£»¡¡what¡¡are
the¡¡signs¡¡of¡¡immorality¡¡that¡¡meet¡¡the¡¡eye£¿¡¡¡¡Churches¡¡are¡¡well
filled£»¡¡and¡¡Dissenters'¡¡chapels¡¡are¡¡crowded¡¡to¡¡suffocation¡£¡¡¡¡There
is¡¡no¡¡preaching¡¡to¡¡empty¡¡benches£»¡¡while¡¡the¡¡drunken¡¡and¡¡dissolute
populace¡¡run¡¡riot¡¡in¡¡the¡¡streets¡£
Here¡¡is¡¡a¡¡fashionable¡¡church£»¡¡where¡¡the¡¡service¡¡commences¡¡at¡¡a¡¡late
hour£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡accommodation¡¡of¡¡such¡¡members¡¡of¡¡the¡¡congregation¡¡¡