an autobiography-第28节
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es preserved in his private workshop were treasured as suggestive of some interesting early passage in his useful and active life。 They were kept as relics of his progress towards mechanical perfection。 When he brought them out from time to time； to serve for the execution of some job in hand； he was sure to dilate upon the occasion that led to their production； as well as upon the happy results which had followed their general employment in mechanical engineering。
It was one of his favourite maxims； 〃First； get a clear notion of what you desire to accomplish； and then in all probability you will succeed in doing it。〃 Another was 〃Keep a sharp look…out upon your materials； get rid of every pound of material you can do without； put to yourself the question； 'What business has it to be there？ avoid complexities； and make everything as simple as possible。〃 Mr。 Maudslay was full of quaint maxims and remarks； the result of much shrewdness； keen
observation； and great experience。 They were well worthy of being stored up in the mind； like a set of proverbs； full of the life and experience of men。 His thoughts became compressed into pithy expressions exhibiting his force of character and intellect。 His quaint remarks on my first visit to his workshop； and on subsequent occasions； proved to me invaluable guides to 〃right thinking〃 in regard to all matters connected with mechanical structure。
Mr。 Maudslay seemed at once to take me into his confidence。 He treated me in the most kindly mannernot as a workman or an apprentice； but as a friend。 I was an anxious listener to everything that he said； and it gave him pleasure to observe that I understood and valued his conversation。 The greatest treat of all was in store for me。 He showed me his exquisite collection of taps and dies and screw…tackle； which he had made with the utmost care for his own service。 They rested in a succession of drawers near to the bench where he worked。 There was a place for every one； and every one was in its place。 There was a look of tidiness about the collection which was very characteristic of the man。 Order was one of the rules which he rigidly observed； and he endeavoured to enforce it upon all who were in his employment。
He proceeded to dilate upon the importance of the uniformity of screws。 Some may call it an improvement； but it might almost be called a revolution in mechanical engineering which Mr。 Maudslay introduced。 Before his time no system had been followed in proportioning the number of threads of screws to their diameter。 Every bolt and nut was thus a speciality in itself； and neither possessed nor admitted of any community with its neighbours。 To such an extent had this practice been carried that all bolts and their corresponding nuts had to be specially marked as belonging to each other。 Any intermixture that occurred between them led to endless trouble and expense； as well as inefficiency and confusion；especially when parts of complex machines had to be taken to pieces for repairs。
None but those who lived in the comparatively early days of machine manufacture can form an adequate idea of the annoyance； delay； and cost of this utter want of system； or can appreciate the vast services rendered to mechanical engineering by Mr。 Maudslay； who was the first to introduce the practical measures necessary for its remedy。 In his system of screw…cutting machinery； and in his taps and dies； and screw…tackle generally； he set the example； and in fact laid the foundation； of all that has since been done in this most essential branch of machine construction。 Those who have had the good fortune to work under him； and have experienced the benefits of his practice； have eagerly and ably followed him； and thus his admirable system has become established throughout the entire mechanical world。
Mr。 Maudslay kept me with him for about three hours； initiating me into his system。 It was with the greatest delight that I listened to his wise instruction。 The sight of his excellent tools； which he showed me one by one； filled me with an almost painful feeling of earnest hope that I might be able in any degree to practically express how thankful I was to be admitted to so invaluable a privilege as to be in close communication with this great master in all that was most perfect in practical mechanics。
When he concluded his exposition； he told me in the most kindly manner that it would be well for me to take advantage of my father's presence in London to obtain some general knowledge of the metropolis； to see the most remarkable buildings； and to obtain an introduction to some of my father's friends。 He gave me a week for this purpose； and said he should be glad to see me at his workshop on the following Monday week。
It singularly happened that on the first day my father went out with me； he encountered an old friend。 He had first known him at Mr。 Miller's of Dalswinton； when the first steamboat was tried； and afterwards at Edinburgh while he was walking the courts as an advocate； or writing articles for the Edinburgh Review。 This was no other than Henry Brougham。 He was descending the steps leading into St。 James's Park； from the place where the Duke of York's monument now stands。 Brougham immediately recognised my father。 There was a hearty shaking of hands； and many inquiries on either side。 〃And what brings you to London now？〃 asked Brougham。 My father told him that it was about his son here； who had obtained an important position at Maudslay's the engineer。
〃If I can do anything for you；〃 said Brougham； addressing me； 〃let me know。 It will afford me much pleasure to give you introductions to men of science in London。〃 I ventured to say that 〃Of all the men of science in London that I most wished to see； was Mr。 Faraday of the Royal Institution。〃 〃 Well；〃 said Brougham； 〃I will send you a letter of introduction。 We then parted。
My father availed himself of the opportunity of introducing me to several of his brother artists。 We first went to the house of David Wilkie； in Church Street； Kensington。 We found him at home； and he received us most kindly。 We next visited Clarkson Stanfield； David Roberts； and some other artists。 They were much attached to my father； and had； in the early part of their career； received much kindness from him while living in Edinburgh。 They all expressed the desire that I should visit them frequently。 I had thus the privilege of entree to a number of pleasant and happy homes； and my visits to them while in London was one of my principal sources of enjoyment。
On returning home to our lodgings that evening we found a note from Brougham； enclosing letters of introduction to Faraday and other scientific men； and stating that if at any time he could be of service to me he hoped that I would at once make use of him。 My father was truly gratified with the substantial evidence of Brougham's kindly remembrance of him； and I？ how could I be grateful enough？ not only for my father's never…failing attention to my growth in knowledge and wisdom； but to his ever…willing readiness to help me onward in the path of scientific working and mechanical engineering。 And now I was fortunate in another respect； in being admitted to the school； and I may say the friendship； of the admirable Henry Maudslay。 Everything now depended upon myself； and whether I was worthy of all these advantages or not。
One of the days of this most interesting and memorable week was devoted to accompanying Mr。 Maudslay in a visit to Somerset House。 In the Admiralty Museum； then occupying a portion of the building； was a complete set of the working models of the celebrated block…making machinery。 Most of these were the result of Maudslay's own skilful handiwork。 He also designed； for the most part； this wonderful and complete series of machines。 Sir Samuel Bentham and Mr。 Brunel had given the idea； and Maudslay realised it in all its mechanical details。 These working models contained the prototypes of nearly all the modern engineer tools which have given us so complete mastery over materials； and done so much for the age we live in。
It added no little to the enjoyment of this visit to hear Mr。 Maudslay narrate； in his quaint and graphic language； the difficulties he had to encounter in solving so many mechanical problems。 It occupied him nearly six years to design and complete these working models。 They were forty…four in numberall masterly pieces of workmanship。 To describe them was to him like living over again the most interesting and eventful part of his life。 And no doubt the experience which he had thus obtained formed the foundation of his engineering fortunes。
Mr。 Maudslay next conducted us to the Royal Mint on Tower Hill。 Here we saw many of his admirable machines at work。 He had a happy knack； in his contrivances and inventions； of making 〃short cuts〃 to the object in view。 He avoided complexities； did away with roundabout processes； however ingenious； and went direct to his point。 〃Simplicity〃 was his maxim in every mechanical contrivance。 His mastermind enabled him to see through and attain the end he sought by the simplest possible means。 The reputation which he had acquired by his minting machinery enable
