the six enneads-第95节
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d a great deal to what is transmitted to us。 None the less all entwines into a unity： and there is something wonderful in the agreement holding among these various things of varied source； even of sources frankly opposite； the secret lies in a variety within a unity。 When by the standard of the better kind among things of process anything falls short… the reluctance of its material substratum having prevented its perfect shaping under idea… it may be thought of as being deficient in that noble element whose absence brings to shame： the thing is a blend； something due to the high beings； an alloy from the underlying nature； something added by the self。 Because all is ever being knit； all brought to culmination in unity； therefore all events are indicated； but this does not make virtue a matter of compulsion； its spontaneity is equally inwoven into the ordered system by the general law that the things of this sphere are pendant from the higher； that the content of our universe lies in the hands of the diviner beings in whom our world is participant。 39。 We cannot； then； refer all that exists to Reason…Principles inherent in the seed of things ＇Spermatic Reasons＇； the universe is to be traced further back； to the more primal forces； to the principles by which that seed itself takes shape。 Such spermatic principles cannot be the containers of things which arise independently of them； such as what enters from Matter ＇the reasonless＇ into membership of the All； or what is due to the mere interaction of existences。 No： the Reason…Principle of the universe would be better envisaged as a wisdom uttering order and law to a state； in full knowledge of what the citizens will do and why； and in perfect adaptation of law to custom； thus the code is made to thread its way in and out through all their conditions and actions with the honour or infamy earned by their conduct； and all coalesces by a kind of automatism。 The signification which exists is not a first intention； it arises incidentally by the fact that in a given collocation the members will tell something of each other： all is unity sprung of unity and therefore one thing is known by way of another other； a cause in the light of the caused； the sequent as rising from its precedent； the compound from the constituents which must make themselves known in the linked total。 If all this is sound； at once our doubts fall and we need no longer ask whether the transmission of any evil is due to the gods。 For； in sum： Firstly； intentions are not to be considered as the operative causes； necessities inherent in the nature of things account for all that comes from the other realm； it is a matter of the inevitable relation of parts； and； besides； all is the sequence to the living existence of a unity。 Secondly； there is the large contribution made by the individual。 Thirdly； each several communication； good in itself； takes another quality in the resultant combination。 Fourthly； the life in the kosmos does not look to the individual but to the whole。 Finally； there is Matter； the underlie； which being given one thing receives it as something else； and is unable to make the best of what it takes。 40。 But magic spells； how can their efficacy be explained？ By the reigning sympathy and by the fact in Nature that there is an agreement of like forces and an opposition of unlike； and by the diversity of those multitudinous powers which converge in the one living universe。 There is much drawing and spell…binding dependent on no interfering machination； the true magic is internal to the All； its attractions and； not less； its repulsions。 Here is the primal mage and sorcerer… discovered by men who thenceforth turn those same ensorcellations and magic arts upon one another。 Love is given in Nature； the qualities inducing love induce mutual approach： hence there has arisen an art of magic love…drawing whose practitioners； by the force of contact implant in others a new temperament； one favouring union as being informed with love； they knit soul to soul as they might train two separate trees towards each other。 The magician too draws on these patterns of power； and by ranging himself also into the pattern is able tranquilly to possess himself of these forces with whose nature and purpose he has become identified。 Supposing the mage to stand outside the All； his evocations and invocations would no longer avail to draw up or to call down； but as things are he operates from no outside standground； he pulls knowing the pull of everything towards any other thing in the living system。 The tune of an incantation； a significant cry； the mien of the operator； these too have a natural leading power over the soul upon which they are directed； drawing it with the force of mournful patterns or tragic sounds… for it is the reasonless soul； not the will or wisdom； that is beguiled by music； a form of sorcery which raises no question； whose enchantment； indeed； is welcomed； exacted； from the performers。 Similarly with regard to prayers； there is no question of a will that grants； the powers that answer to incantations do not act by will； a human being fascinated by a snake has neither perception nor sensation of what is happening； he knows only after he has been caught； and his highest mind is never caught。 In other words； some influence falls from the being addressed upon the petitioner… or upon someone else… but that being itself； sun or star； perceives nothing of it all。 41。 The prayer is answered by the mere fact that part and other part are wrought to one tone like a musical string which； plucked at one end； vibrates at the other also。 Often； too； the sounding of one string awakens what might pass for a perception in another； the result of their being in harmony and tuned to one musical scale； now； if the vibration in a lyre affects another by virtue of the sympathy existing between them； then certainly in the All… even though it is constituted in contraries… there must be one melodic system； for it contains its unisons as well； and its entire content； even to those contraries； is a kinship。 Thus； too； whatever is hurtful to man… the passionate spirit； for example； drawn by the medium of the gall into the principle seated in the liver… comes with no intention of hurt； it is simply as one transferring fire to another might innocently burn him： no doubt； since he actually set the other on fire he is a cause； but only as the attacking fire itself is a cause； that is by the merely accidental fact that the person to whom the fire was being brought blundered in taking it。 42。 It follows that； for the purposes which have induced this discussion； the stars have no need of memory or of any sense of petitions addressed to them； they give no such voluntary attention to prayers as some have thought： it is sufficient that； in virtue simply of the nature of parts and of parts within a whole； something proceeds from them whether in answer to prayer or without prayer。 We have the analogy of many powers… as in some one living organism… which； independently of plan or as the result of applied method； act without any collaboration of the will： one member or function is helped or hurt by another in the mere play of natural forces； and the art of doctor or magic healer will compel some one centre to purvey something of its own power to another centre。 just so the All： it purveys spontaneously； but it purveys also under spell； some entity ＇acting like the healer＇ is concerned for a member situated within itself and summons the All which； then； pours in its gift； it gives to its own part by the natural law we have cited since the petitioner is no alien to it。 Even though the suppliant be a sinner； the answering need not shock us； sinners draw from the brooks； and the giver does not know of the gift but simply gives… though we must remember that all is one woof and the giving is always consonant with the order of the universe。 There is； therefore； no necessity by ineluctable law that one who has helped himself to what lies open to all should receive his deserts then and there。 In sum； we must hold that the All cannot be affected； its leading principle remains for ever immune whatsoever happens to its members； the affection is really present to them； but since nothing existent can be at strife with the total of existence； no such affection conflicts with its impassivity。 Thus the stars； in so far as they are parts； can be affected and yet are immune on various counts； their will； like that of the All； is untouched； just as their bodies and their characteristic natures are beyond all reach of harm； if they give by means of their souls； their souls lose nothing； their bodies remain unchanged or； if there is ebb or inflow； it is of something going unfelt and coming unawares。 43。 And the Proficient ＇the Sage＇； how does he stand with regard to magic and philtre…spells？ In the soul he is immune from magic； his reasoning part cannot be touched by it； he cannot be perverted。 But there is in him the unreasoning element which comes from the ＇material＇ All； and in this he can be affected； or rather this can be affected in him。 Philtre…Love； however； he will not know； for that would require t
