the proposed territory of arizona(亚桑 那的预定疆界)-第10节
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the population； and the troops。 Copper ore is found in many localities； but
little gold is yet discovered。 If the road from El Paso to Fort Yuma be
located by Parke's route； as many suppose； A FINE COUNTRY WILL BE
OPENED on the Gila and Lower San Pedro； which will produce ample
supplies。 The Territory presents no difficulties of importance to the
successful establishment of the road。 Frequent stations and PROPER
PROTECTION ARE ONLY REQUISITE TO ENSURE SUCCESS AS
COMPLETELY AS THE MOST SANGUINE ANTICIPATE。 Should
Sonora； or even a portion of it be organized； this will be one of the most
pleasant localities of our country。 A delightful climate； plenty of fine fruit；
facility of supply by a port on the Pacific； semi…weekly mails from the east
and west；are only some of the attractions which it would possess。
Sonora is quiet。 Many of the wealthy men there are in favor of
annexation； it is said； but they have to keep silent on the subject for fear of
noisy patriots； who would proclaim them traitors at once； if they made a
parade of their inclinations。 The San Antonio and San Deigo mail passes
through Tueson once a fortnight； and seems to have met with no important
obstacle yet。 A drove of mules accompanies it； which are harnessed in turn。
When regular stations are established its speed will be much increased。
My last letter was not written with a view of the use being made of it you
mentioned； yet if it answers a good purpose； I have no objection。 It was
but a careless note； but its contents were truths； nevertheless。〃 （This note
demonstrated the facility of supply for the Territory from the Pacific。）
〃Most truly your friend； （Signed；） E。 H。 Fitzgerald。〃
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MEMOIR OF THE PROPOSED TERRITORY OF ARIZONA。
Tubac； Gadsden's Purchase； 22d Oct。； 1857。
〃We have of late been seriously annoyed by the Apaches。 Nearly all
the animals belonging to the citizens residing around Fort Buchanan have
been driven off by the Apaches。 They are very impudent； and commit their
depredations in broad day…light； talk to the people while they are driving
off the animals； and always escape without being molested。
The other day they came within 800 yards of the Fort and looked down
upon it。
In order to bring them to terms the Government ought to enlist 1000
Pinos and Papagos to accompany the military。 Indians are the only persons
who can successfully traverse these mountains and hunt up their hiding
places。 If this is not done； they will surely break up our settlements here。
Forts ought to be established in the very heart of the Apache country； in
the places fit； and used by them for cultivation。 If this is done we will soon
bring them to terms。
Until now； our mining establishments have not been molested by them；
and we are going on in high glee。 This is undoubtedly the richest silver
mining country in the world。 If the United States will make just and liberal
laws for us； give us protection； remove those trifling and unprofitable
custom houses on the frontier； at least for 5 or 6 years； procure us a transit
through Sonora to Guaymas； and hasten along the rail…road to California；
this will indeed be a prosperous country； and will astonish the world with
its production of silver and copper。 But with such terrible obstacles as
those mentioned above and the great length of transit to transport goods
over the roads which we have to take at present； progress only is possible
for such as find mines of the extraordinary and incredible richness of the
Heintzelman vein。 If the present promises of few of these mines are
realized； by working them on a scale commensurate with their extent and
richness； I have no doubt but that they will equal in production the whole
silver exports of Mexico。
I think an appropriation ought to be made to sink artesian wells
through the Papagos country； between San Xavier and the lower Gila。 This
route cuts off about 100 miles from the best route via the Pinos villages。 It
is laid down on my map； as a rail…road route； now at the office of the
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MEMOIR OF THE PROPOSED TERRITORY OF ARIZONA。
Sonora Exploring and Mining Company； at Cincinnati； Ohio。
The country consists of a succession of plains and isolated mountain
ridges； none of which need to be crossed。 In fact it is a dead level to Fort
Yuma； and； in consequence； no grading is necessary。 There is scarcity of
water； but the soil in general is excellent and grass abounds all along the
line； while the mountains teem with minerals of the richest description。
The oxides and the sulphurets of copper are the most beautiful and richest
in the world。 Silver undoubtedly exists of equal richness。
All the foothills contain gold； but I hardly think it will be extracted by
the whites； as the localities are devoid of water； and they are not probably
rich enough to pay without sluicing on an extensive scale。〃
I am； sir； very respectfully； your most obedient servant； Herman
Ehrenberg。
To Lieut。 S。 Mowry； U。 S。 A。； Delegate elect from Arizona；
Washington； D。 C。
The only comment the writer has to make upon these statements is；
that two years' residence among and acquaintance with the people of
Arizona； has convinced him of their absolute truth。 At the last session of
Congress a petition was presented； praying for a separate Territorial
organization。 The necessity for some legislation was admitted by both
Senate and House； and bills creating a separate judicial district and land
offices； passed both Houses； but owing to some minor differences and the
lateness of the session； the bills failed to become a law。
With an increased population and prolonged grievances； the people of
Arizona are again about to present themselves as supplicants for that right
inherent in the American heartthe right of self governmentand of
protection under the law。 Their petition sets forth in brief； plain terms；
their situation and necessities； and prays simply for a separation from New
Mexico and a Territorial organization under the name of Arizona。 As a
matter of necessity for the successful carriage of the mail across the
country； this Territorial organization is imperative。 No contract for labor or
supplies can be enforced in the present condition of the country。 Courts of
law must be established； with officers to enforce their mandates； or the
contractors will be utterly unable to carry out their contract。
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MEMOIR OF THE PROPOSED TERRITORY OF ARIZONA。
The great necessity of a safe and speedy overland communication with
the Pacific； has directed public attention to the organization of Arizona as
a separate Territory； and the desired legislation has received the unanimous
endorsement of the press of the whole country。 Petitions with thousands of
signatures from leading citizens of the majority of the states of the Union；
will be presented to Congress asking for the immediate organization of the
new Territory as the best means to at once open a highway to the Pacific；
and so important has this view of the question been deemed as to call from
the President of the United States a recommendation in his message to
Congress。 No opposition has been made to the most just prayer of the
people of Arizona； and it is believed that none will be made； unless it
comes from New Mexico。 It must be born in mind that the Gadsden
Purchase was not originally an integral part of New Mexico； that it was
acquired years after the treaty of Gaudaloupe Hidalgo； and was only
attached to the territory of New Mexico as a temporary expedient。 It must
also be remembered that the Gadsden Purchase； with the portion of New
Mexico which it is proposed to include within the limits of the territory of
Arizona； is separated from New Mexico proper by natural boundries； that
it derives no benefit from the present connection； and that any opposition
to the d
