the new machiavelli-µÚ48½Ú
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
of¡¡our¡¡return¡¡we¡¡found¡¡other¡¡people's¡¡houses¡¡open¡¡to¡¡us¡¡and¡¡eager¡¡
for¡¡us¡£¡¡¡¡We¡¡went¡¡out¡¡of¡¡London¡¡for¡¡week¡ends¡¡and¡¡dined¡¡out£»¡¡and¡¡
began¡¡discussing¡¡our¡¡projects¡¡for¡¡reciprocating¡¡these¡¡hospitalities¡£¡¡¡¡
As¡¡a¡¡single¡¡man¡¡unattached£»¡¡I¡¡had¡¡had¡¡a¡¡wide¡¡and¡¡miscellaneous¡¡
social¡¡range£»¡¡but¡¡now¡¡I¡¡found¡¡myself¡¡falling¡¡into¡¡place¡¡in¡¡a¡¡set¡£¡¡¡¡
For¡¡a¡¡time¡¡I¡¡acquiesced¡¡in¡¡this¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡went¡¡very¡¡little¡¡to¡¡my¡¡clubs£»¡¡
the¡¡Climax¡¡and¡¡the¡¡National¡¡Liberal£»¡¡and¡¡participated¡¡in¡¡no¡¡bachelor¡¡
dinners¡¡at¡¡all¡£¡¡¡¡For¡¡a¡¡time£»¡¡too£»¡¡I¡¡dropped¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡garrulous¡¡
literary¡¡and¡¡journalistic¡¡circles¡¡I¡¡had¡¡frequented¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡put¡¡up¡¡for¡¡
the¡¡Reform£»¡¡not¡¡so¡¡much¡¡for¡¡the¡¡use¡¡of¡¡the¡¡club¡¡as¡¡a¡¡sign¡¡of¡¡serious¡¡
and¡¡substantial¡¡political¡¡standing¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡didn't¡¡go¡¡up¡¡to¡¡Cambridge£»¡¡I¡¡
remember£»¡¡for¡¡nearly¡¡a¡¡year£»¡¡so¡¡occupied¡¡was¡¡I¡¡with¡¡my¡¡new¡¡
adjustments¡£
The¡¡people¡¡we¡¡found¡¡ourselves¡¡among¡¡at¡¡this¡¡time¡¡were¡¡people£»¡¡to¡¡put¡¡
it¡¡roughly£»¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Parliamentary¡¡candidate¡¡class£»¡¡or¡¡people¡¡already¡¡
actually¡¡placed¡¡in¡¡the¡¡political¡¡world¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡ranged¡¡between¡¡very¡¡
considerable¡¡wealth¡¡and¡¡such¡¡a¡¡hard£»¡¡bare¡¡independence¡¡as¡¡old¡¡
Willersley¡¡and¡¡the¡¡sister¡¡who¡¡kept¡¡house¡¡for¡¡him¡¡possessed¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡
were¡¡quite¡¡a¡¡number¡¡of¡¡young¡¡couples¡¡like¡¡ourselves£»¡¡a¡¡little¡¡
younger¡¡and¡¡more¡¡artless£»¡¡or¡¡a¡¡little¡¡older¡¡and¡¡more¡¡established¡£¡¡¡¡
Among¡¡the¡¡younger¡¡men¡¡I¡¡had¡¡a¡¡sort¡¡of¡¡distinction¡¡because¡¡of¡¡my¡¡
Cambridge¡¡reputation¡¡and¡¡my¡¡writing£»¡¡and¡¡because£»¡¡unlike¡¡them£»¡¡I¡¡was¡¡
an¡¡adventurer¡¡and¡¡had¡¡won¡¡and¡¡married¡¡my¡¡way¡¡into¡¡their¡¡circles¡¡
instead¡¡of¡¡being¡¡naturally¡¡there¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡couldn't¡¡quite¡¡reckon¡¡upon¡¡
what¡¡I¡¡should¡¡do£»¡¡they¡¡felt¡¡I¡¡had¡¡reserves¡¡of¡¡experience¡¡and¡¡
incalculable¡¡traditions¡£¡¡¡¡Close¡¡to¡¡us¡¡were¡¡the¡¡Cramptons£»¡¡Willie¡¡
Crampton£»¡¡who¡¡has¡¡since¡¡been¡¡Postmaster¡General£»¡¡rich¡¡and¡¡very¡¡
important¡¡in¡¡Rockshire£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡younger¡¡brother¡¡Edward£»¡¡who¡¡has¡¡
specialised¡¡in¡¡history¡¡and¡¡become¡¡one¡¡of¡¡those¡¡unimaginative¡¡men¡¡of¡¡
letters¡¡who¡¡are¡¡the¡¡glory¡¡of¡¡latter¡day¡¡England¡£¡¡¡¡Then¡¡there¡¡was¡¡
Lewis£»¡¡further¡¡towards¡¡Kensington£»¡¡where¡¡his¡¡cousins¡¡the¡¡Solomons¡¡
and¡¡the¡¡Hartsteins¡¡lived£»¡¡a¡¡brilliant¡¡representative¡¡of¡¡his¡¡race£»¡¡
able£»¡¡industrious¡¡and¡¡invariably¡¡uninspired£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡wife¡¡a¡¡little¡¡in¡¡
revolt¡¡against¡¡the¡¡racial¡¡tradition¡¡of¡¡feminine¡¡servitude¡¡and¡¡
inclined¡¡to¡¡the¡¡suffragette¡¡point¡¡of¡¡view£»¡¡and¡¡Bunting¡¡Harblow£»¡¡an¡¡
old¡¡blue£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡an¡¡erratic¡¡disposition¡¡well¡¡under¡¡the¡¡control¡¡of¡¡
the¡¡able¡¡little¡¡cousin¡¡he¡¡had¡¡married¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡had¡¡known¡¡all¡¡these¡¡men£»¡¡
but¡¡now¡¡£¨with¡¡Altiora¡¡floating¡¡angelically¡¡in¡¡benediction£©¡¡they¡¡
opened¡¡their¡¡hearts¡¡to¡¡me¡¡and¡¡took¡¡me¡¡into¡¡their¡¡order¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡were¡¡
all¡¡like¡¡myself£»¡¡prospective¡¡Liberal¡¡candidates£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡feeling¡¡that¡¡
the¡¡period¡¡of¡¡wandering¡¡in¡¡the¡¡wilderness¡¡of¡¡opposition¡¡was¡¡drawing¡¡
near¡¡its¡¡close¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡were¡¡all¡¡tremendously¡¡keen¡¡upon¡¡social¡¡and¡¡
political¡¡service£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡greatly¡¡under¡¡the¡¡sway¡¡of¡¡the¡¡ideal¡¡of¡¡a¡¡
simple£»¡¡strenuous¡¡life£»¡¡a¡¡life¡¡finding¡¡its¡¡satisfactions¡¡in¡¡
political¡¡achievements¡¡and¡¡distinctions¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡young¡¡wives¡¡were¡¡as¡¡
keen¡¡about¡¡it¡¡as¡¡the¡¡young¡¡husbands£»¡¡Margaret¡¡most¡¡of¡¡all£»¡¡and¡¡I
whatever¡¡elements¡¡in¡¡me¡¡didn't¡¡march¡¡with¡¡the¡¡attitudes¡¡and¡¡habits¡¡
of¡¡this¡¡set¡¡were¡¡very¡¡much¡¡in¡¡the¡¡background¡¡during¡¡that¡¡time¡£
We¡¡would¡¡give¡¡little¡¡dinners¡¡and¡¡have¡¡evening¡¡gatherings¡¡at¡¡which¡¡
everything¡¡was¡¡very¡¡simple¡¡and¡¡very¡¡good£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡slight¡¡but¡¡
perceptible¡¡austerity£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡was¡¡more¡¡good¡¡fruit¡¡and¡¡flowers¡¡and¡¡
less¡¡perhaps¡¡in¡¡the¡¡way¡¡of¡¡savouries£»¡¡patties¡¡and¡¡entrees¡¡than¡¡was¡¡
customary¡£¡¡¡¡Sherry¡¡we¡¡banished£»¡¡and¡¡Marsala¡¡and¡¡liqueurs£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡
was¡¡always¡¡good¡¡home¡made¡¡lemonade¡¡available¡£¡¡¡¡No¡¡men¡¡waited£»¡¡but¡¡
very¡¡expert¡¡parlourmaids¡£¡¡¡¡Our¡¡meat¡¡was¡¡usually¡¡Welsh¡¡muttonI¡¡
don't¡¡know¡¡why£»¡¡unless¡¡that¡¡mountains¡¡have¡¡ever¡¡been¡¡the¡¡last¡¡refuge¡¡
of¡¡the¡¡severer¡¡virtues¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡we¡¡talked¡¡politics¡¡and¡¡books¡¡and¡¡ideas¡¡
and¡¡Bernard¡¡Shaw¡¡£¨who¡¡was¡¡a¡¡department¡¡by¡¡himself¡¡and¡¡supposed¡¡in¡¡
those¡¡days¡¡to¡¡be¡¡ethically¡¡sound¡¡at¡¡bottom£©£»¡¡and¡¡mingled¡¡with¡¡the¡¡
intellectualsI¡¡myself¡¡was£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡were£»¡¡a¡¡promoted¡¡intellectual¡£
The¡¡Cramptons¡¡had¡¡a¡¡tendency¡¡to¡¡read¡¡good¡¡things¡¡aloud¡¡on¡¡their¡¡less¡¡
frequented¡¡receptions£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡have¡¡never¡¡been¡¡able¡¡to¡¡participate¡¡
submissively¡¡in¡¡this¡¡hyper¡digestion¡¡of¡¡written¡¡matter£»¡¡and¡¡
generally¡¡managed¡¡to¡¡provoke¡¡a¡¡disruptive¡¡debate¡£¡¡¡¡We¡¡were¡¡all¡¡very¡¡
earnest¡¡to¡¡make¡¡the¡¡most¡¡of¡¡ourselves¡¡and¡¡to¡¡be¡¡and¡¡do£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡wonder¡¡
still¡¡at¡¡times£»¡¡with¡¡an¡¡unassuaged¡¡perplexity£»¡¡how¡¡it¡¡is¡¡that¡¡in¡¡
that¡¡phase¡¡of¡¡utmost¡¡earnestness¡¡I¡¡have¡¡always¡¡seemed¡¡to¡¡myself¡¡to¡¡
be¡¡most¡¡remote¡¡from¡¡reality¡£
2
I¡¡look¡¡back¡¡now¡¡across¡¡the¡¡detaching¡¡intervention¡¡of¡¡sixteen¡¡crowded¡¡
years£»¡¡critically¡¡and¡¡I¡¡fancy¡¡almost¡¡impartially£»¡¡to¡¡those¡¡
beginnings¡¡of¡¡my¡¡married¡¡life¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡try¡¡to¡¡recall¡¡something¡¡near¡¡to¡¡
their¡¡proper¡¡order¡¡the¡¡developing¡¡phases¡¡of¡¡relationship¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡am¡¡
struck¡¡most¡¡of¡¡all¡¡by¡¡the¡¡immense¡¡unpremeditated£»¡¡generous¡spirited¡¡
insincerities¡¡upon¡¡which¡¡Margaret¡¡and¡¡I¡¡were¡¡building¡£
It¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡me¡¡that¡¡here¡¡I¡¡have¡¡to¡¡tell¡¡perhaps¡¡the¡¡commonest¡¡
experience¡¡of¡¡all¡¡among¡¡married¡¡educated¡¡people£»¡¡the¡¡deliberate£»¡¡
shy£»¡¡complex¡¡effort¡¡to¡¡fill¡¡the¡¡yawning¡¡gaps¡¡in¡¡temperament¡¡as¡¡they¡¡
appear£»¡¡the¡¡sustained£»¡¡failing¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡bridge¡¡abysses£»¡¡level¡¡
barriers£»¡¡evade¡¡violent¡¡pressures¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡come¡¡these¡¡latter¡¡years¡¡
of¡¡my¡¡life¡¡to¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡possible¡¡for¡¡a¡¡man¡¡and¡¡woman¡¡to¡¡be¡¡
absolutely¡¡real¡¡with¡¡one¡¡another£»¡¡to¡¡stand¡¡naked¡¡souled¡¡to¡¡each¡¡
other£»¡¡unashamed¡¡and¡¡unafraid£»¡¡because¡¡of¡¡the¡¡natural¡¡all¡glorifying¡¡
love¡¡between¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡possible¡¡to¡¡love¡¡and¡¡be¡¡loved¡¡untroubling£»¡¡
as¡¡a¡¡bird¡¡flies¡¡through¡¡the¡¡air¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡it¡¡is¡¡a¡¡rare¡¡and¡¡intricate¡¡
chance¡¡that¡¡brings¡¡two¡¡people¡¡within¡¡sight¡¡of¡¡that¡¡essential¡¡union£»¡¡
and¡¡for¡¡the¡¡majority¡¡marriage¡¡must¡¡adjust¡¡itself¡¡on¡¡other¡¡terms¡£¡¡¡¡
Most¡¡coupled¡¡people¡¡never¡¡really¡¡look¡¡at¡¡one¡¡another¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡look¡¡a¡¡
little¡¡away¡¡to¡¡preconceived¡¡ideas¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡each¡¡from¡¡the¡¡first¡¡days¡¡of¡¡
love¡making¡¡HIDES¡¡from¡¡the¡¡other£»¡¡is¡¡afraid¡¡of¡¡disappointing£»¡¡afraid¡¡
of¡¡offending£»¡¡afraid¡¡of¡¡discoveries¡¡in¡¡either¡¡sense¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡build¡¡not¡¡
solidly¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡rock¡¡of¡¡truth£»¡¡but¡¡upon¡¡arches¡¡and¡¡pillars¡¡and¡¡
queer¡¡provisional¡¡supports¡¡that¡¡are¡¡needed¡¡to¡¡make¡¡a¡¡common¡¡
foundation£»¡¡and¡¡below¡¡in¡¡the¡¡imprisoned¡¡darknesses£»¡¡below¡¡the¡¡fine¡¡
fabric¡¡they¡¡sustain¡¡together¡¡begins¡¡for¡¡each¡¡of¡¡them¡¡a¡¡cavernous¡¡
hidden¡¡life¡£¡¡¡¡Down¡¡there¡¡things¡¡may¡¡be¡¡prowling¡¡that¡¡scarce¡¡ever¡¡
peep¡¡out¡¡to¡¡consciousness¡¡except¡¡in¡¡the¡¡grey¡¡half¡light¡¡of¡¡sleepless¡¡
nights£»¡¡passions¡¡that¡¡flash¡¡out¡¡for¡¡an¡¡instant¡¡in¡¡an¡¡angry¡¡glance¡¡
and¡¡are¡¡seen¡¡no¡¡more£»¡¡starved¡¡victims¡¡and¡¡beautiful¡¡dreams¡¡bricked¡¡
up¡¡to¡¡die¡£¡¡¡¡For¡¡the¡¡most¡¡of¡¡us¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡jail¡¡delivery¡¡of¡¡those¡¡
inner¡¡depths£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡life¡¡above¡¡goes¡¡on¡¡to¡¡its¡¡honourable¡¡end¡£
I¡¡have¡¡told¡¡how¡¡I¡¡loved¡¡Margaret¡¡and¡¡how¡¡I¡¡came¡¡to¡¡marry¡¡her¡£¡¡¡¡
Perhaps¡¡already¡¡unintentionally¡¡I¡¡have¡¡indicated¡¡the¡¡quality¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
injustice¡¡our¡¡marriage¡¡did¡¡us¡¡both¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡was¡¡no¡¡kindred¡¡between¡¡us¡¡
and¡¡no¡¡understanding¡£¡¡¡¡We¡¡were¡¡drawn¡¡to¡¡one¡¡another¡¡by¡¡the¡¡
unlikeness¡¡of¡¡our¡¡quality£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡things¡¡we¡¡misunderstood¡¡in¡¡each¡¡
other¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡know¡¡a¡¡score¡¡of¡¡couples¡¡who¡¡have¡¡married¡¡in¡¡that¡¡fashion¡£
Modern¡¡conditions¡¡and¡¡modern¡¡ideas£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡particular¡¡the¡¡intenser¡¡
and¡¡subtler¡¡perceptions¡¡of¡¡modern¡¡life£»¡¡press¡¡more¡¡and¡¡more¡¡heavily¡¡
upon¡¡a¡¡marriage¡¡tie¡¡whose¡¡fashion¡¡comes¡¡from¡¡an¡¡earlier¡¡and¡¡less¡¡
discriminating¡¡time¡£¡¡¡¡When¡¡the¡¡wife¡¡was¡¡her¡¡husband's¡¡subordinate£»¡¡
meeting¡¡him¡¡simply¡¡and¡¡uncritically¡¡for¡¡simple¡¡ends£»¡¡when¡¡marriage¡¡
was¡¡a¡¡purely¡¡domestic¡¡relationship£»¡¡leaving¡¡thought¡¡and¡¡the¡¡vivid¡¡
things¡¡of¡¡life¡¡almost¡¡entirely¡¡to¡¡the¡¡unencumbered¡¡man£»¡¡mental¡¡and¡¡
temperamental¡¡incompatibilities¡¡mattered¡¡comparatively¡¡little¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡
now¡¡the¡¡wife£»¡¡and¡¡particularly¡¡the¡¡loving¡¡childless¡¡wife£»¡¡
unpremeditatedly¡¡makes¡¡a¡¡relentless¡¡demand¡¡for¡¡a¡¡complete¡¡
association£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡husband¡¡exacts¡¡unthought¡¡of¡¡delicacies¡¡of¡¡
understanding¡¡and¡¡co¡operation¡£¡¡¡¡These¡¡are¡¡stupendous¡¡demands¡£¡¡¡¡
People¡¡not¡¡only¡¡think¡¡more¡¡fully¡¡and¡¡elaborately¡¡about¡¡life¡¡than¡¡
they¡¡ever¡¡did¡¡before£»¡¡but¡¡marriage¡¡obliges¡¡us¡¡to¡¡make¡¡that¡¡ever¡¡more¡¡
accidented¡¡progress¡¡a¡¡three¡legged¡¡race¡¡of¡¡carelessly¡¡assorted¡¡
couples¡£¡¡¡£¡¡¡£¡¡¡£
Our¡¡very¡¡mental¡¡texture¡¡was¡¡different¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡was¡¡rough¡minded£»¡¡to¡¡use¡¡
the¡¡phrase¡¡of¡¡William¡¡James£»¡¡primary¡¡and¡¡intuitive¡¡and¡¡illogical£»¡¡
she¡¡was¡¡tender¡minded£»¡¡logical£»¡¡refined¡¡and¡¡secondary¡£¡¡¡¡She¡¡was¡¡
loyal¡¡to¡¡pledge¡¡and¡¡persons£»¡¡sentimental¡¡and¡¡faithful£»¡¡I¡¡am¡¡loyal¡¡to¡¡
ideas¡¡and¡¡instincts£»¡¡emotional¡¡and¡¡scheming¡£¡¡¡¡My¡¡imagination¡¡moves¡¡
in¡¡broad¡¡gestures£»¡¡her's¡¡was¡¡delicate¡¡with¡¡a¡¡real¡¡dread¡¡of¡¡
extravagance¡£¡¡¡¡My¡¡quality¡¡is¡¡sensuous¡¡and¡¡ruled¡¡by¡¡warm¡¡impulses£»¡¡
hers¡¡was¡¡discriminating¡¡and¡¡essentially¡¡inhibitory¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡like¡¡the¡¡
facts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡case¡¡and¡¡to¡¡mention¡¡everything£»¡¡I¡¡like¡¡naked¡¡bodies¡¡and¡¡
the¡¡jolly¡¡smells¡¡of¡¡things¡£¡¡¡¡She¡¡abounded¡¡in¡¡reservations£»¡¡in¡¡
circumlocutions¡¡and¡¡evasions£»¡¡in¡¡keenly¡¡appreciated¡¡secondary¡¡
points¡£¡¡¡¡Perhaps¡¡the¡¡reader¡¡knows¡¡that¡¡Tintoretto¡¡in¡¡the¡¡National¡¡
Gallery£»¡¡the¡¡Origin¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Milky¡¡Way¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡an¡¡admirable¡¡test¡¡of¡¡
tempera¡ment