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Adventure¡¡V





The¡¡Musgrave¡¡Ritual





An¡¡anomaly¡¡which¡¡often¡¡struck¡¡me¡¡in¡¡the¡¡character¡¡of

my¡¡friend¡¡Sherlock¡¡Holmes¡¡was¡¡that£»¡¡although¡¡in¡¡his

methods¡¡of¡¡thought¡¡he¡¡was¡¡the¡¡neatest¡¡and¡¡most

methodical¡¡of¡¡mankind£»¡¡and¡¡although¡¡also¡¡he¡¡affected¡¡a

certain¡¡quiet¡¡primness¡¡of¡¡dress£»¡¡he¡¡was¡¡none¡¡the¡¡less

in¡¡his¡¡personal¡¡habits¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡untidy¡¡men¡¡that

ever¡¡drove¡¡a¡¡fellow¡­lodger¡¡to¡¡distraction¡£¡¡¡¡Not¡¡that¡¡I

am¡¡in¡¡the¡¡least¡¡conventional¡¡in¡¡that¡¡respect¡¡myself¡£¡¡

The¡¡rough¡­and¡­tumble¡¡work¡¡in¡¡Afghanistan£»¡¡coming¡¡on

the¡¡top¡¡of¡¡a¡¡natural¡¡Bohemianism¡¡of¡¡disposition£»¡¡has

made¡¡me¡¡rather¡¡more¡¡lax¡¡than¡¡befits¡¡a¡¡medical¡¡man¡¡who

keeps¡¡his¡¡cigars¡¡in¡¡the¡¡coal¡­scuttle£»¡¡his¡¡tobacco¡¡in

the¡¡toe¡¡end¡¡of¡¡a¡¡Persian¡¡slipper£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡unanswered

correspondence¡¡transfixed¡¡by¡¡a¡¡jack¡­knife¡¡into¡¡the

very¡¡centre¡¡of¡¡his¡¡wooden¡¡mantelpiece£»¡¡then¡¡I¡¡begin¡¡to

give¡¡myself¡¡virtuous¡¡airs¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡always¡¡held£»¡¡too£»

that¡¡pistol¡¡practice¡¡should¡¡be¡¡distinctly¡¡an¡¡open¡­air

pastime£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡Holmes£»¡¡in¡¡one¡¡of¡¡his¡¡queer¡¡humors£»

would¡¡sit¡¡in¡¡an¡¡arm¡­chair¡¡with¡¡his¡¡hair¡­trigger¡¡and¡¡a

hundred¡¡Boxer¡¡cartridges£»¡¡and¡¡proceed¡¡to¡¡adorn¡¡the

opposite¡¡wall¡¡with¡¡a¡¡patriotic¡¡V¡£¡¡R¡£¡¡Done¡¡in

bullet¡­pocks£»¡¡I¡¡felt¡¡strongly¡¡that¡¡neither¡¡the

atmosphere¡¡nor¡¡the¡¡appearance¡¡of¡¡our¡¡room¡¡was¡¡improved

by¡¡it¡£



Our¡¡chambers¡¡were¡¡always¡¡full¡¡of¡¡chemicals¡¡and¡¡of

criminal¡¡relics¡¡which¡¡had¡¡a¡¡way¡¡of¡¡wandering¡¡into

unlikely¡¡positions£»¡¡and¡¡of¡¡turning¡¡up¡¡in¡¡the

butter¡­dish¡¡or¡¡in¡¡even¡¡less¡¡desirable¡¡places¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡his

papers¡¡were¡¡my¡¡great¡¡crux¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡had¡¡a¡¡horror¡¡of

destroying¡¡documents£»¡¡especially¡¡those¡¡which¡¡were

connected¡¡with¡¡his¡¡past¡¡cases£»¡¡and¡¡yet¡¡it¡¡was¡¡only

once¡¡in¡¡every¡¡year¡¡or¡¡two¡¡that¡¡he¡¡would¡¡muster¡¡energy

to¡¡docket¡¡and¡¡arrange¡¡them£»¡¡for£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡have¡¡mentioned

somewhere¡¡in¡¡these¡¡incoherent¡¡memoirs£»¡¡the¡¡outbursts

of¡¡passionate¡¡energy¡¡when¡¡he¡¡performed¡¡the¡¡remarkable

feats¡¡with¡¡which¡¡his¡¡name¡¡is¡¡associated¡¡were¡¡followed

by¡¡reactions¡¡of¡¡lethargy¡¡during¡¡which¡¡he¡¡would¡¡lie

about¡¡with¡¡his¡¡violin¡¡and¡¡his¡¡books£»¡¡hardly¡¡moving

save¡¡fro¡¡the¡¡sofa¡¡to¡¡the¡¡table¡£¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡month¡¡after

month¡¡his¡¡papers¡¡accumulated£»¡¡until¡¡every¡¡corner¡¡of

the¡¡room¡¡was¡¡stacked¡¡with¡¡bundles¡¡of¡¡manuscript¡¡which

were¡¡on¡¡no¡¡account¡¡to¡¡be¡¡burned£»¡¡and¡¡which¡¡could¡¡not

be¡¡put¡¡away¡¡save¡¡by¡¡their¡¡owner¡£¡¡¡¡One¡¡winter's¡¡night£»

as¡¡we¡¡sat¡¡together¡¡by¡¡the¡¡fire£»¡¡I¡¡ventured¡¡to¡¡suggest

to¡¡him¡¡that£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡had¡¡finished¡¡pasting¡¡extracts¡¡into

his¡¡common¡­place¡¡book£»¡¡he¡¡might¡¡employ¡¡the¡¡next¡¡two

hours¡¡in¡¡making¡¡our¡¡room¡¡a¡¡little¡¡more¡¡habitable¡£¡¡¡¡He

could¡¡not¡¡deny¡¡the¡¡justice¡¡of¡¡my¡¡request£»¡¡so¡¡with¡¡a

rather¡¡rueful¡¡face¡¡went¡¡off¡¡to¡¡his¡¡bedroom£»¡¡from¡¡which

he¡¡returned¡¡presently¡¡pulling¡¡a¡¡large¡¡tin¡¡box¡¡behind

him¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡he¡¡placed¡¡in¡¡the¡¡middle¡¡of¡¡the¡¡floor¡¡and£»

squatting¡¡down¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡stool¡¡in¡¡front¡¡of¡¡it£»¡¡he¡¡threw

back¡¡the¡¡lid¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡could¡¡see¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡already¡¡a¡¡third

full¡¡of¡¡bundles¡¡of¡¡paper¡¡tied¡¡up¡¡with¡¡red¡¡tape¡¡into

separate¡¡packages¡£



¡¨There¡¡are¡¡cases¡¡enough¡¡here£»¡¡Watson£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡he£»

looking¡¡at¡¡me¡¡with¡¡mischievous¡¡eyes¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨I¡¡think¡¡that¡¡if

you¡¡knew¡¡all¡¡that¡¡I¡¡had¡¡in¡¡this¡¡box¡¡you¡¡would¡¡ask¡¡me

to¡¡pull¡¡some¡¡out¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡putting¡¡others¡¡in¡£¡¨



¡¨These¡¡are¡¡the¡¡records¡¡of¡¡your¡¡early¡¡work£»¡¡then£¿¡¨¡¡I

asked¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨I¡¡have¡¡often¡¡wished¡¡that¡¡I¡¡had¡¡notes¡¡of¡¡those

cases¡£¡¨



¡¨Yes£»¡¡my¡¡boy£»¡¡these¡¡were¡¡all¡¡done¡¡prematurely¡¡before

my¡¡biographer¡¡had¡¡come¡¡to¡¡glorify¡¡me¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡He¡¡lifted

bundle¡¡after¡¡bundle¡¡in¡¡a¡¡tender£»¡¡caressing¡¡sort¡¡of

way¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨They¡¡are¡¡not¡¡all¡¡successes£»¡¡Watson£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡he¡£¡¡

¡¨But¡¡there¡¡are¡¡some¡¡pretty¡¡little¡¡problems¡¡among¡¡them¡£¡¡

Here's¡¡the¡¡record¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Tarleton¡¡murders£»¡¡and¡¡the

case¡¡of¡¡Vamberry£»¡¡the¡¡wine¡¡merchant£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡adventure

of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡Russian¡¡woman£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡singular¡¡affair¡¡of

the¡¡aluminium¡¡crutch£»¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡a¡¡full¡¡account¡¡of

Ricoletti¡¡of¡¡the¡¡club¡­foot£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡abominable¡¡wife¡£¡¡

And¡¡hereah£»¡¡now£»¡¡this¡¡really¡¡is¡¡something¡¡a¡¡little

recherché¡£¡¨



He¡¡dived¡¡his¡¡arm¡¡down¡¡to¡¡the¡¡bottom¡¡of¡¡the¡¡chest£»¡¡and

brought¡¡up¡¡a¡¡small¡¡wooden¡¡box¡¡with¡¡a¡¡sliding¡¡lid£»¡¡such

as¡¡children's¡¡toys¡¡are¡¡kept¡¡in¡£¡¡¡¡From¡¡within¡¡he

produced¡¡a¡¡crumpled¡¡piece¡¡of¡¡paper£»¡¡and¡¡old¡­fashioned

brass¡¡key£»¡¡a¡¡peg¡¡of¡¡wood¡¡with¡¡a¡¡ball¡¡of¡¡string

attached¡¡to¡¡it£»¡¡and¡¡three¡¡rusty¡¡old¡¡disks¡¡of¡¡metal¡£



¡¨Well£»¡¡my¡¡boy£»¡¡what¡¡do¡¡you¡¡make¡¡of¡¡this¡¡lot£¿¡¨¡¡he

asked£»¡¡smiling¡¡at¡¡my¡¡expression¡£



¡¨It¡¡is¡¡a¡¡curious¡¡collection¡£¡¨



¡¨Very¡¡curious£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡story¡¡that¡¡hangs¡¡round¡¡it¡¡will

strike¡¡you¡¡as¡¡being¡¡more¡¡curious¡¡still¡£¡¨



¡¨These¡¡relics¡¡have¡¡a¡¡history¡¡then£¿¡¨



¡¨So¡¡much¡¡so¡¡that¡¡they¡¡are¡¡history¡£¡¨



¡¨What¡¡do¡¡you¡¡mean¡¡by¡¡that£¿¡¨



Sherlock¡¡Holmes¡¡picked¡¡them¡¡up¡¡one¡¡by¡¡one£»¡¡and¡¡laid

them¡¡along¡¡the¡¡edge¡¡of¡¡the¡¡table¡£¡¡¡¡Then¡¡re¡¡reseated

himself¡¡in¡¡his¡¡chair¡¡and¡¡looked¡¡them¡¡over¡¡with¡¡a¡¡gleam

of¡¡satisfaction¡¡in¡¡his¡¡eyes¡£



¡¨These£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡he£»¡¡¡¨are¡¡all¡¡that¡¡I¡¡have¡¡left¡¡to¡¡remind

me¡¡of¡¡the¡¡adventure¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Musgrave¡¡Ritual¡£¡¨



I¡¡had¡¡heard¡¡him¡¡mention¡¡the¡¡case¡¡more¡¡than¡¡once£»

though¡¡I¡¡had¡¡never¡¡been¡¡able¡¡to¡¡gather¡¡the¡¡details¡£¡¡

¡¨I¡¡should¡¡be¡¡so¡¡glad£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡I£»¡¡¡¨if¡¡you¡¡would¡¡give¡¡me

an¡¡account¡¡of¡¡it¡£¡¨



¡¨And¡¡leave¡¡the¡¡litter¡¡as¡¡it¡¡is£¿¡¨¡¡he¡¡cried£»

mischievously¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨Your¡¡tidiness¡¡won't¡¡bear¡¡much¡¡strain

after¡¡all£»¡¡Watson¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡I¡¡should¡¡be¡¡glad¡¡that¡¡you

should¡¡add¡¡this¡¡case¡¡to¡¡your¡¡annals£»¡¡for¡¡there¡¡are

points¡¡in¡¡it¡¡which¡¡make¡¡it¡¡quite¡¡unique¡¡in¡¡the

criminal¡¡records¡¡of¡¡this¡¡or£»¡¡I¡¡believe£»¡¡of¡¡any¡¡other

country¡£¡¡¡¡A¡¡collection¡¡of¡¡my¡¡trifling¡¡achievements

would¡¡certainly¡¡be¡¡incomplete¡¡which¡¡contained¡¡no

account¡¡of¡¡this¡¡very¡¡singular¡¡business¡£



¡¨You¡¡may¡¡remember¡¡how¡¡the¡¡affair¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Gloria¡¡Scott£»

and¡¡my¡¡conversation¡¡with¡¡the¡¡unhappy¡¡man¡¡whose¡¡fate¡¡I

told¡¡you¡¡of£»¡¡first¡¡turned¡¡my¡¡attention¡¡in¡¡the

direction¡¡of¡¡the¡¡profession¡¡which¡¡has¡¡become¡¡my¡¡life's

work¡£¡¡¡¡You¡¡see¡¡me¡¡now¡¡when¡¡my¡¡name¡¡has¡¡become¡¡known

far¡¡and¡¡wide£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡I¡¡am¡¡generally¡¡recognized¡¡both

by¡¡the¡¡public¡¡and¡¡by¡¡the¡¡official¡¡force¡¡as¡¡being¡¡a

final¡¡court¡¡of¡¡appeal¡¡in¡¡doubtful¡¡cases¡£¡¡¡¡Even¡¡when

you¡¡knew¡¡me¡¡first£»¡¡at¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡the¡¡affair¡¡which¡¡you

have¡¡commemorated¡¡in¡¡'A¡¡Study¡¡in¡¡Scarlet£»'¡¡I¡¡had

already¡¡established¡¡a¡¡considerable£»¡¡though¡¡not¡¡a¡¡very

lucrative£»¡¡connection¡£¡¡¡¡You¡¡can¡¡hardly¡¡realize£»¡¡then£»

how¡¡difficult¡¡I¡¡found¡¡it¡¡at¡¡first£»¡¡and¡¡how¡¡long¡¡I¡¡had

to¡¡wait¡¡before¡¡I¡¡succeeded¡¡in¡¡making¡¡any¡¡headway¡£



¡¨When¡¡I¡¡first¡¡came¡¡up¡¡to¡¡London¡¡I¡¡had¡¡rooms¡¡in

Montague¡¡Street£»¡¡just¡¡round¡¡the¡¡corner¡¡from¡¡the

British¡¡Museum£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡I¡¡waited£»¡¡filling¡¡in¡¡my¡¡too

abundant¡¡leisure¡¡time¡¡by¡¡studying¡¡all¡¡those¡¡branches

of¡¡science¡¡which¡¡might¡¡make¡¡me¡¡more¡¡efficient¡£¡¡¡¡Now

and¡¡again¡¡cases¡¡came¡¡in¡¡my¡¡way£»¡¡principally¡¡through

the¡¡introduction¡¡of¡¡old¡¡fellow¡­students£»¡¡for¡¡during¡¡my

last¡¡years¡¡at¡¡the¡¡University¡¡there¡¡was¡¡a¡¡good¡¡deal¡¡of

talk¡¡there¡¡about¡¡myself¡¡and¡¡my¡¡methods¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡third¡¡of

these¡¡cases¡¡was¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Musgrave¡¡Ritual£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡is

to¡¡the¡¡interest¡¡which¡¡was¡¡aroused¡¡by¡¡that¡¡singular

chain¡¡of¡¡events£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡large¡¡issues¡¡which¡¡proved¡¡to

be¡¡at¡¡stake£»¡¡that¡¡I¡¡trace¡¡my¡¡first¡¡stride¡¡towards¡¡to

position¡¡which¡¡I¡¡now¡¡hold¡£



¡¨Reginald¡¡Musgrave¡¡had¡¡been¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same¡¡college¡¡as

myself£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡had¡¡some¡¡slight¡¡acquaintance¡¡with¡¡him¡£¡¡

He¡¡was¡¡not¡¡generally¡¡popular¡¡among¡¡the¡¡undergraduates£»

though¡¡it¡¡always¡¡seemed¡¡to¡¡me¡¡that¡¡what¡¡was¡¡set¡¡down

as¡¡pride¡¡was¡¡really¡¡an¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡cover¡¡extreme

natural¡¡diffidence¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡appearance¡¡he¡¡was¡¡a¡¡man¡¡of

exceedingly¡¡aristocratic¡¡type£»¡¡thin£»¡¡high¡­nosed£»¡¡and

large¡­eyed£»¡¡with¡¡languid¡¡and¡¡yet¡¡courtly¡¡manners¡£¡¡¡¡He

was¡¡indeed¡¡a¡¡scion¡¡of¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡very¡¡oldest¡¡families

in¡¡the¡¡kingdom£»¡¡though¡¡his¡¡branch¡¡was¡¡a¡¡cadet¡¡one

which¡¡had¡¡separated¡¡from¡¡the¡¡northern¡¡Musgraves¡¡some

time¡¡in¡¡the¡¡sixteenth¡¡century£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡established

itself¡¡in¡¡western¡¡Sussex£»¡¡where¡¡the¡¡Manor¡¡House¡¡of

Hurlstone¡¡is¡¡perhaps¡¡the¡¡oldest¡¡inhabited¡¡building¡¡in

the¡¡county¡£¡¡¡¡Something¡¡of¡¡his¡¡birth¡¡place¡¡seemed¡¡to

cling¡¡to¡¡the¡¡man£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡never¡¡looked¡¡at¡¡his¡¡pale£»¡¡keen

face¡¡or¡¡the¡¡poise¡¡of¡¡his¡¡head¡¡without¡¡associating¡¡him

with¡¡gray¡¡archways¡¡and¡¡mullioned¡¡windows¡¡and¡¡all¡¡the

venerable¡¡wreckage¡¡of¡¡a¡¡feudal¡¡keep¡£¡¡¡¡Once¡¡or¡¡twice¡¡we

drifted¡¡into¡¡talk£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡can¡¡remember¡¡that¡¡more¡¡than

once¡¡he¡¡expressed¡¡a¡¡keen¡¡interest¡¡in¡¡my¡¡methods¡¡of

observation¡¡and¡¡inference¡£



¡¨For¡¡four¡¡years¡¡I¡¡had¡¡seen¡¡nothing¡¡of¡¡him¡¡until¡¡one

morning¡¡he¡¡walked¡¡into¡¡my¡¡room¡¡in¡¡Montague¡¡Street¡£¡¡¡¡He

had¡¡changed¡¡little£»¡¡was¡¡dressed¡¡like¡¡a¡¡young¡¡man¡¡of

fashionhe¡¡was¡¡always¡¡a¡¡bit¡¡of¡¡a¡¡dandyand¡¡preserved

the¡¡same¡¡quiet£»¡¡suave¡¡manner¡¡which¡¡had¡¡formerly

distinguished¡¡him¡£



¡¨'How¡¡has¡¡all¡¡gone¡¡wit¡¡you¡¡Musgrave£¿¡¨¡¡I¡¡asked£»¡¡after

we¡¡had¡¡cordially¡¡shaken¡¡hands¡£



¡¨'You¡¡probably¡¡heard¡¡of¡¡my¡¡poor¡¡father's¡¡death£»'¡¡said

he£»¡¡'he¡¡was¡¡carried¡¡off¡¡about¡¡two¡¡years¡¡ago¡£¡¡¡¡Since

then¡¡I¡¡have¡¡of¡¡course¡¡had¡¡the¡¡Hurlstone¡¡estates¡¡to

manage£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡I¡¡am¡¡member¡¡for¡¡my¡¡district¡¡as¡¡well£»¡¡my

life¡¡has¡¡been¡¡a¡¡busy¡¡one¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡I¡¡understand£»¡¡Holmes£»

that¡¡you¡¡are¡¡turning¡¡to¡¡practical¡¡ends¡¡those¡¡powers

with¡¡which¡¡you¡¡used¡¡to¡¡amaze¡¡us£¿¡¨



¡¨'Yes£»'¡¡said¡¡I£»¡¡'I¡¡have¡¡taken¡¡to¡¡living¡¡by¡¡my¡¡wits¡£'



¡¨'I¡¡am¡¡delighted¡¡to¡¡hear¡¡it£»¡¡for¡¡your¡¡advice¡¡at

present¡¡would¡¡be¡¡exceedin

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