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me especially to expect that if justice and good faith should be

practised by the United States; they would encounter no hostile

influence on the part of Great Britain。  It is now a pleasant duty to

acknowledge the demonstration you have given of your desire that a

spirit of amity and peace toward this country may prevail in the

councils of your Queen; who is respected and esteemed in your own

country only more than she is by the kindred nation which has its

home on this side of the Atlantic。



I know and deeply deplore the sufferings which the workingmen at

Manchester; and in all Europe; are called to endure in this crisis。

It has been often and studiously represented that the attempt to

overthrow this government; which was built upon the foundation of

human rights; and to substitute for it one which should rest

exclusively on the basis of human slavery; was likely to obtain the

favor of Europe。  Through the action of our disloyal citizens; the

working…men of Europe have been subjected to severe trials; for the

purpose of forcing their sanction to that attempt。  Under the

circumstance; I cannot but regard your decisive utterances upon the

question as an instance of sublime Christian heroism which has not

been surpassed in any age or in any country。  It is indeed an

energetic and inspiring assurance of the inherent power of truth and

of the ultimate and universal triumph of justice; humanity; and

freedom。  I do not doubt that the sentiments; you have expressed will

be sustained by your great nation; and; on the other hand; I have no

hesitation in assuring you that they will excite admiration; esteem;

and the most reciprocal feelings of friendship among the American

people。



I hail this interchange of sentiment; therefore; as an augury that

whatever else may happen; whatever misfortune may befall your country

or my own; the peace and friendship which now exist between the two

nations will be; as it shall be my desire to make them; perpetual。



ABRAHAM LINCOLN。









MESSAGE TO CONGRESS。



WASHINGTON; January 21; 1863。



GENTLEMEN OF THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES:



I submit herewith for your consideration the joint resolutions of the

corporate authorities of the city of Washington; adopted September a

7; 1862; and a memorial of the same under date of October 28; 1862;

both relating to and urging the construction of certain railroads

concentrating upon the city of Washington。



In presenting this memorial and the joint resolutions to you; I am

not prepared to say more than that the subject is one of great

practical importance; and that I hope it will receive the attention

of Congress。



ABRAHAM LINCOLN。









INDORSEMENT ON THE PROCEEDINGS AND SENTENCE OF THE FITZ…JOHN PORTER

COURT…MARTIAL。



HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY; WASHINGTON;



January 13; 1863。



In compliance with the Sixty…fifth Article of War; these whole

proceedings are transmitted to the Secretary of War; to be laid

before the President of the United States。



H。 W。 HALLECK;

General…in…Chief。

January 21; 1863。





The foregoing proceedings; findings; and sentence in the foregoing

case of Major…General Fitz…John Porter are approved and confirmed;

and it is ordered that the said Fitz…John Porter be; and he hereby

is; cashiered and dismissed from the service of the United States as

a major…general of volunteers; and as colonel and brevet

brigadier…general in the regular service of the United States; and

forever disqualified from holding any office of trust or profit under

the Government of the United States。



ABRAHAM LINCOLN。









FROM GENERAL HALLECK TO GENERAL U。 S。 GRANT。



HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY; WASHINGTON



January 21; 1863。



MAJOR…GENERAL GRANT; Memphis。



GENERAL:The President has directed that so much of Arkansas as you

may desire to control be temporarily attached to your department。

This will give you control of both banks of the river。



In your operations down the Mississippi you must not rely too

confidently upon any direct co…operation of General Banks and the

lower flotilla; as it is possible that they may not be able to pass

or reduce Port Hudson。  They; however; will do everything in their

power to form a junction with you at Vicksburg。   If they should not

be able to effect this; they will at least occupy a portion of the

enemy's forces; and prevent them from reinforcing Vicksburg。  I hope;

however; that they will do still better and be able to join you。



It may be proper to give you some explanation of the revocation of

your order expelling all Jews from your department。  The President

has no objection to your expelling traitors and Jew peddlers; which;

I suppose; was the object of your order; but as it in terms

proscribed an entire religious class; some of whom are fighting in

our ranks; the President deemed it necessary to revoke it。



Very respectfully; your obedient servant;



H。 W。 HALLECK;  General…in…Chief。









TELEGRAM TO GENERAL BURNSIDE。



EXECUTIVE MANSION; WASHINGTON; January 23; 1863



GENERAL BURNSIDE:



Will see you any moment when you come。



A。 LINCOLN。









ORDER RELIEVING GENERAL A。 E。 BURNSIDE AND MAKING OTHER CHANGES。



(General Orders No。20。)



WAR DEPARTMENT; ADJUTANT…GENERAL'S OFFICE;

WASHINGTON; D。C。 JANUARY 25; 1863。



I。  The President of the United States has directed:



1st。  That Major…General A。 E。 Burnside; at his own request; be

relieved from the command of the Army of the Potomac。



2d。  That Major…General E。 V。 Sumner; at his own request; be relieved

from duty in the Army of the Potomac。



3d。  That Major…General W。 B。 Franklin be relieved from duty in the

Army of the Potomac。



4th。  That Major…General J。 Hooker be assigned to the command of the

Army of the Potomac。



II。 The officers relieved as above will report in person to the

adjutant…general of the army。



By order of the Secretary of War:

D。 TOWNSEND; Assistant Adjutant…General









TO GENERAL J。 HOOKER。



EXECUTIVE MANSION; WASHINGTON; D。 C。;

January 26; 1863。



MAJOR…GENERAL HOOKER。



GENERAL:I have placed you at the head of the Army of the Potomac。

Of course I have done this upon what appear to me to be sufficient

reasons; and yet I think it best for you to know that there are some

things in regard to which I am not quite satisfied with you。  I

believe you to be a brave and skillful soldier; which of course I

like。  I also believe you do not mix politics with your profession;

in which you are right。  You have confidence in yourself; which is a

valuable if not an indispensable quality。  You are ambitious; which

within reasonable bounds does good rather than harm; but I think that

during General Burnside's command of the army you have taken counsel

of your ambition and thwarted him as much as you could; in which you

did a great wrong to the country and to a most meritorious and

honorable brother officer。  I have heard; in such a way as to believe

it; of your recently saying that both the army and the government

needed a dictator。  Of course it was not for this; but in spite of

it; that I have given you the command。  Only those generals who gain

successes can set up dictators。   What I now ask of you is military

success; and I will risk the dictatorship。  The government will

support you to the utmost of its ability; which is neither more nor

less than it has done and will do for all commanders。  I much fear

that the spirit that you have aided to infuse into the army; of

criticizing their commander and withholding confidence from him; will

now turn upon you。  I shall assist you as far as I can to put it

down。  Neither you nor Napoleon; if he were alive again; could get

any good out of an army while such a spirit prevails in it。  And now

beware of rashness。  Beware of rashness; but with energy and

sleepless vigilance go forward and give us victories。



Yours very truly;



A。 LINCOLN。









MESSAGE TO CONGRESS。



WASHINGTON CITY; January 28;1863;



TO THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES:



In conformity to the law of July 16; 1862; I most cordially recommend

that Commander David D。 Porter; United States Navy; acting

rear…admiral; commanding the Mississippi Squadron; receive a vote of

thanks of Congress for the bravery and skill displayed in the attack

on the post of Arkansas; which surrendered to the combined military

and naval forces on the 10th instant。



ABRAHAM LINCOLN。









TELEGRAM TO GENERAL BUTLER



EXECUTIVE MANSION; WASHINGTON;

     January 28; r8G3。



MAJOR…GENERAL BUTLER; Lowell; Mass。:



Please come here immediately。 Telegraph me about what time you will

arrive。



A。 LINCOLN。









TELEGRAM TO GENERAL DIX。



EXECUTIVE MANSION; WASHINGTON;

January 29; 1863



MAJOR…GENERA

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