miscellaneous papers(¸÷ÖÖ¸÷ÑùµÄÎļþ)-µÚ10½Ú
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
never¡¡be¡¡so¡¡established¡¡in¡¡England¡¡but¡¡that¡¡it¡¡must¡¡needs¡¡bring¡¡the¡¡weal¡¡¡
public¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡jeopardy¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡hazard'£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡thus¡¡¡¡¡¡saying£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡
shaked¡¡his¡¡head£»¡¡and¡¡made¡¡a¡¡wry¡¡mouth£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡he¡¡held¡¡his¡¡peace¡¨¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡
the¡¡Recorder¡¡of¡¡London£»¡¡in¡¡1811£»¡¡objected¡¡to¡¡¡¨the¡¡capital¡¡part¡¡being¡¡taken¡¡
off¡¨¡¡from¡¡the¡¡offence¡¡of¡¡picking¡¡pockets¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡Lord¡¡Chancellor£»¡¡in¡¡
1813£»¡¡objected¡¡to¡¡the¡¡removal¡¡of¡¡the¡¡penalty¡¡of¡¡death¡¡from¡¡the¡¡offence¡¡of¡¡
stealing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡amount¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡five¡¡¡¡¡¡shillings¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡shop¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Lord¡¡
Ellenborough£»¡¡in¡¡1820£»¡¡anticipated¡¡the¡¡worst¡¡effects¡¡from¡¡there¡¡being¡¡no¡¡
punishment¡¡of¡¡death¡¡for¡¡stealing¡¡five¡¡shillings¡¡worth¡¡of¡¡wet¡¡linen¡¡from¡¡a¡¡
bleaching¡¡¡¡¡¡ground¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Solicitor¡¡¡¡¡¡General£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1830£»¡¡¡¡¡¡advocated¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
punishment¡¡of¡¡death¡¡for¡¡forgery£»¡¡and¡¡¡¨the¡¡satisfaction¡¡of¡¡thinking¡¨¡¡in¡¡the¡¡
teeth¡¡of¡¡mountains¡¡of¡¡evidence¡¡from¡¡bankers¡¡and¡¡other¡¡injured¡¡parties¡¡£¨one¡¡
thousand¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡bankers¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡alone£¡£©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡deterring¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡persons¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
commission¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡crime£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡severity¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡law¡¨¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Justice¡¡
Coleridge¡¡delivered¡¡his¡¡charge¡¡at¡¡Hertford¡¡in¡¡1845¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡there¡¡were¡¡in¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡criminal¡¡¡¡¡¡code¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡England£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1790£»¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡sixty¡¡¡¡¡¡crimes¡¡
punishable¡¡with¡¡death¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡lawyer¡¡has¡¡said£»¡¡again¡¡and¡¡again£»¡¡in¡¡his¡¡
generation£»¡¡that¡¡any¡¡change¡¡in¡¡such¡¡a¡¡state¡¡of¡¡things¡¡¡¨must¡¡needs¡¡bring¡¡the¡¡
weal¡public¡¡into¡¡jeopardy¡¡and¡¡hazard¡¨¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡thus¡¡he¡¡has£»¡¡all¡¡through¡¡the¡¡
dismal¡¡¡¡¡¡history£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨shaked¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡head£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡wry¡¡¡¡¡¡mouth£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡held¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡
peace¡¨¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Excepta¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡glorious¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡exception£¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡lawyers¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡Bacon£»¡¡
More£»¡¡Blackstone£»¡¡Romilly£»¡¡andlet¡¡us¡¡ever¡¡gratefully¡¡rememberin¡¡later¡¡
times¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Basil¡¡Montagu£»¡¡have¡¡striven£»¡¡each¡¡in¡¡his¡¡day£»¡¡within¡¡the¡¡utmost¡¡
limits¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡endurance¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mistaken¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡feeling¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡the¡¡
legislature¡¡of¡¡the¡¡time£»¡¡to¡¡champion¡¡and¡¡maintain¡¡the¡¡truth¡£¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡33¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡PAPERS¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡another¡¡and¡¡a¡¡stronger¡¡reason¡¡still£»¡¡why¡¡a¡¡criminal¡¡judge¡¡is¡¡a¡¡
bad¡¡witness¡¡in¡¡favour¡¡of¡¡the¡¡punishment¡¡of¡¡Death¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡is¡¡a¡¡chief¡¡actor¡¡in¡¡
the¡¡terrible¡¡drama¡¡of¡¡a¡¡trial£»¡¡where¡¡the¡¡life¡¡or¡¡death¡¡of¡¡a¡¡fellow¡¡creature¡¡is¡¡
at¡¡issue¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡No¡¡one¡¡who¡¡has¡¡seen¡¡such¡¡a¡¡trial¡¡can¡¡fail¡¡to¡¡know£»¡¡or¡¡can¡¡ever¡¡
forget£»¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡intense¡¡interest¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡care¡¡not¡¡how¡¡¡¡painful¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡interest¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡the¡¡
good£»¡¡¡¡¡¡wise¡¡¡¡¡¡judge¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡bench¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡admit¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡painful¡¡¡¡¡¡nature£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
judge's¡¡¡¡¡¡goodness¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡wisdom¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡fullest¡¡¡¡¡¡extentbut¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡submit¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡
prominent¡¡share¡¡in¡¡the¡¡excitement¡¡of¡¡such¡¡a¡¡trial£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡dread¡¡mystery¡¡
involved£»¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡tendency¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡bewilder¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡confuse¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡judge¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
general¡¡¡¡¡¡subject¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡penalty¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡know¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡solemn¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡pause¡¡¡¡¡¡before¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
verdict£»¡¡the¡¡bush¡¡and¡¡stifling¡¡of¡¡the¡¡fever¡¡in¡¡the¡¡court£»¡¡the¡¡solitary¡¡figure¡¡
brought¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡back¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡bar£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡standing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡there£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡observed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
outstretched¡¡heads¡¡and¡¡gleaming¡¡eyes£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡next¡¡minute¡¡stricken¡¡dead¡¡as¡¡
one¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡say£»¡¡¡¡among¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡know¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡thrill¡¡that¡¡goes¡¡¡¡¡¡round¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
black¡¡cap¡¡is¡¡put¡¡on£»¡¡and¡¡how¡¡there¡¡will¡¡be¡¡shrieks¡¡among¡¡the¡¡women£»¡¡and¡¡
a¡¡taking¡¡out¡¡of¡¡some¡¡one¡¡in¡¡a¡¡swoon£»¡¡and£»¡¡when¡¡the¡¡judge's¡¡faltering¡¡voice¡¡
delivers¡¡¡¡¡¡sentence£»¡¡¡¡¡¡how¡¡¡¡¡¡awfully¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡prisoner¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡confront¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡other£»¡¡
two¡¡mere¡¡men£»¡¡destined¡¡one¡¡day£»¡¡however¡¡far¡¡removed¡¡from¡¡one¡¡another¡¡
at¡¡this¡¡time£»¡¡to¡¡stand¡¡alike¡¡as¡¡suppliants¡¡at¡¡the¡¡bar¡¡of¡¡God¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡know¡¡all¡¡this£»¡¡
I¡¡can¡¡imagine¡¡what¡¡the¡¡office¡¡of¡¡the¡¡judge¡¡costs¡¡in¡¡this¡¡execution¡¡of¡¡it£»¡¡but¡¡
I¡¡say¡¡that¡¡in¡¡these¡¡strong¡¡sensations¡¡he¡¡is¡¡lost£»¡¡and¡¡is¡¡unable¡¡to¡¡abstract¡¡the¡¡
penalty¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡preventive¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡example£»¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡experience¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡
associations¡¡surrounding¡¡it£»¡¡which¡¡are¡¡and¡¡can¡¡be£»¡¡only¡¡his£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡alone¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Not¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡contend¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡amount¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡wig¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡ermine¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡
change¡¡the¡¡nature¡¡of¡¡the¡¡man¡¡inside£»¡¡not¡¡to¡¡say¡¡that¡¡the¡¡nature¡¡of¡¡a¡¡judge¡¡
may¡¡¡¡¡¡be£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡dyer's¡¡¡¡¡¡hand£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡subdued¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡works¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡
become¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡too¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡used¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡punishment¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡death¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡consider¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡quite¡¡
dispassionately£»¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡say¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡possibly¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡inconsistent¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡have£»¡¡
deciding¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡calm¡¡¡¡¡¡authorities¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡favour¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡death£»¡¡¡¡¡¡judges¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡
constantly¡¡sentencing¡¡to¡¡death£»I¡¡contend¡¡that¡¡for¡¡the¡¡reasons¡¡I¡¡have¡¡stated¡¡
alone£»¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡judge£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡especially¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡criminal¡¡¡¡¡¡judge£»¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡bad¡¡¡¡¡¡witness¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡the¡¡
punishment¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡excellent¡¡witness¡¡¡¡¡¡against¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡inasmuch¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡the¡¡latter¡¡
case¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡conviction¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡inutility¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡strong¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡paramount¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡34¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡PAPERS¡¡
utterly¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡beat¡¡¡¡¡¡down¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡conquer¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡adverse¡¡¡¡¡¡incidents¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡
scruple¡¡in¡¡stating¡¡this¡¡position£»¡¡because£»¡¡for¡¡anything¡¡I¡¡know£»¡¡the¡¡majority¡¡
of¡¡excellent¡¡judges¡¡now¡¡on¡¡the¡¡bench¡¡may¡¡have¡¡overcome¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡may¡¡
be¡¡opposed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡punishment¡¡of¡¡Death¡¡under¡¡any¡¡circumstances¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡mentioned¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡devote¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡portion¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡letter¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡few¡¡
prominent¡¡¡¡¡¡illustrations¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡head¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡objection¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡punishment¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
Death¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Those¡¡on¡¡record¡¡are¡¡so¡¡very¡¡numerous¡¡that¡¡selection¡¡is¡¡extremely¡¡
difficult£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡reference¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡possibility¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡mistake£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
impossibility¡¡of¡¡reparation£»¡¡one¡¡case¡¡is¡¡as¡¡good¡¡£¨I¡¡should¡¡rather¡¡say¡¡as¡¡bad£©¡¡
as¡¡a¡¡hundred£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡there¡¡were¡¡¡¡none¡¡but¡¡Eliza¡¡¡¡Fenning's£»¡¡that¡¡would¡¡be¡¡
sufficient¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nay£»¡¡if¡¡there¡¡were¡¡none¡¡at¡¡all£»¡¡it¡¡would¡¡be¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡sustain¡¡
this¡¡¡¡¡¡objection£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡finite¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡limited¡¡¡¡¡¡judgment¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡do¡¡¡¡¡¡inflict£»¡¡¡¡on¡¡
testimony¡¡which¡¡admits¡¡of¡¡doubt£»¡¡an¡¡infinite¡¡and¡¡irreparable¡¡punishment¡£¡¡
But¡¡there¡¡are¡¡on¡¡record¡¡numerous¡¡instances¡¡of¡¡mistake£»¡¡many¡¡of¡¡them¡¡very¡¡
generally¡¡known¡¡and¡¡immediately¡¡recognisable¡¡in¡¡the¡¡following¡¡summary£»¡¡
which¡¡I¡¡copy¡¡from¡¡the¡¡New¡¡York¡¡Report¡¡already¡¡referred¡¡to¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨There¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡cases¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡groans¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡heard¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
apartment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡crime£»¡¡which¡¡have¡¡attracted¡¡the¡¡steps¡¡of¡¡those¡¡on¡¡whose¡¡
testimony¡¡the¡¡case¡¡has¡¡turnedwhen£»¡¡on¡¡proceeding¡¡to¡¡the¡¡spot£»¡¡they¡¡have¡¡
found¡¡a¡¡man¡¡bending¡¡over¡¡the¡¡murdered¡¡body£»¡¡a¡¡lantern¡¡in¡¡the¡¡left¡¡hand£»¡¡
and¡¡the¡¡knife¡¡yet¡¡dripping¡¡with¡¡the¡¡warm¡¡current¡¡in¡¡the¡¡blood¡stained¡¡right£»¡¡
with¡¡¡¡¡¡horror¡stricken¡¡¡¡¡¡countenance£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡lips¡¡¡¡¡¡which£»¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡presence¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
dead£»¡¡seem¡¡to¡¡refuse¡¡to¡¡deny¡¡the¡¡crime¡¡in¡¡the¡¡very¡¡act¡¡of¡¡which¡¡he¡¡is¡¡thus¡¡
surprisedand¡¡yet¡¡the¡¡man¡¡has¡¡been£»¡¡many¡¡years¡¡after£»¡¡when¡¡his¡¡memory¡¡
alone¡¡could¡¡be¡¡benefited¡¡by¡¡the¡¡discovery£»¡¡ascertained¡¡not¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡¡the¡¡
real¡¡murderer£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡have¡¡been¡¡cases¡¡in¡¡which£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡house¡¡in¡¡which¡¡were¡¡
two¡¡persons¡¡alone£»¡¡a¡¡murder¡¡has¡¡been¡¡committed¡¡on¡¡one¡¡of¡¡themwhen¡¡
many¡¡¡¡¡¡additional¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡circumstances¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡fastened¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡imputation¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
otherand¡¡when£»¡¡all¡¡apparent¡¡modes¡¡of¡¡access¡¡from¡¡without£»¡¡being¡¡closed¡¡
inward£»¡¡the¡¡demonstration¡¡has¡¡seemed¡¡complete¡¡of¡¡the¡¡guilt¡¡for¡¡which¡¡that¡¡
other¡¡has¡¡suffered¡¡the¡¡doom¡¡of¡¡the¡¡lawyet¡¡suffered¡¡innocently£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡
have¡¡been¡¡cases¡¡in¡¡which¡¡a¡¡father¡¡has¡¡been¡¡found¡¡murdered¡¡in¡¡an¡¡outhouse£»¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡person¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡home¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡son£»¡¡¡¡¡¡sworn¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡sister¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡35¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡PAPERS¡¡
dissolute¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡undutiful£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡anxious¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡death¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡father£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
succession¡¡to¡¡the¡¡family¡¡propertywhen¡¡the¡¡track¡¡of¡¡his¡¡shoes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡snow¡¡
is¡¡found¡¡from¡¡the¡¡house¡¡to¡¡the¡¡spot¡¡of¡¡the¡¡murder£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡hammer¡¡with¡¡
which¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡committed¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨known¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡own£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡found£»¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡search£»¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
corner¡¡of¡¡one¡¡of¡¡his¡¡private¡¡drawers£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡bloody¡¡evidence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡deed¡¡
only¡¡imperfectly¡¡effaced¡¡from¡¡itand¡¡yet¡¡the¡¡son¡¡has¡¡been¡¡innocent£¡the¡¡
sister£»¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡after£»¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡death¡bed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡confessing¡¡¡¡¡¡herself¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡fratricide¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡
well¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡parricide¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡cases¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡
hung¡¡on¡¡the¡¡most¡¡positive¡¡testimony¡¡to¡¡identity¡¡£¨aided¡¡by¡¡many¡¡suspicious¡¡
circumstances£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡persons¡¡¡¡¡¡familiar¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡appearance£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡
afterwards¡¡proved¡¡grievous¡¡mistakes£»¡¡growing¡¡out¡¡of¡¡remarkable¡¡personal¡¡
resemblance¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡cases¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡seen¡¡
fighting¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡fieldan¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡enmity¡¡¡¡existing¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡themthe¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡found¡¡
dead£»¡¡killed¡¡by¡¡a¡¡stab¡¡from¡¡a¡¡pitchfork¡¡known¡¡as¡¡belonging¡¡to¡¡the¡¡other£»¡¡