eminent victorians-第26节

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china　to　look　after；　and　there　was　her　father　to　be　read　to　after

dinner。　Mrs。　Nightingale　could　not　understand　it；　and　then　one

day　her　perplexity　was　changed　to　consternation　and　alarm。

Florence　announced　an　extreme　desire　to　go　to　Salisbury　Hospital

for　several　months　as　a　nurse；　and　she　confessed　to　some

visionary　plan　of　eventually　setting　up　in　a　house　of　her　own　in

a　neighbouring　village；　and　there　founding　'something　like　a

Protestant　Sisterhood；　without　vows；　for　women　of　educated

feelings'。　The　whole　scheme　was　summarily　brushed　aside　as

preposterous；　and　Mrs。　Nightingale；　after　the　first　shock　of

terror；　was　able　to　settle　down　again　more　or　less　comfortably　to

her　embroidery。　But　Florence；　who　was　now　twenty…five　and　felt

that　the　dream　of　her　life　had　been　shattered；　came　near　to

desperation。



And；　indeed；　the　difficulties　in　her　path　were　great。　For　not

only　was　it　an　almost　unimaginable　thing　in　those　days　for　a

woman　of　means　to　make　her　own　way　in　the　world　and　to　live　in

independence；　but　the　particular　profession　for　which　Florence

was　clearly　marked　out　both　by　her　instincts　and　her　capacities

was　at　that　time　a　peculiarly　disreputable　one。　A　'nurse'　meant

then　a　coarse　old　woman；　always　ignorant；　usually　dirty；　often

brutal；　a　Mrs。　Gamp；　in　bunched…up　sordid　garments；　tippling　at

the　brandy　bottle　or　indulging　in　worse　irregularities。　The

nurses　in　the　hospitals　were　especially　notorious　for　immoral

conduct；　sobriety　was　almost　unknown　among　them；　and　they　could

hardly　be　trusted　to　carry　out　the　simplest　medical　duties。



Certainly；　things　HAVE　changed　since　those　days；　and　that　they

have　changed　is　due；　far　more　than　to　any　other　human　being；　to

Miss　Nightingale　herself。　It　is　not　to　be　wondered　at　that　her

parents　should　have　shuddered　at　the　notion　of　their　daughter

devoting　her　life　to　such　an　occupation。　'It　was　as　if；'　she

herself　said　afterwards；　'I　had　wanted　to　be　a　kitchen…maid。'　Yet

the　want；　absurd　and　impracticable　as　it　was；　not　only　remained

fixed　immovably　in　her　heart；　but　grew　in　intensity　day　by　day。

Her　wretchedness　deepened　into　a　morbid　melancholy。　Everything

about　her　was　vile；　and　she　herself；　it　was　clear；　to　have

deserved　such　misery；　was　even　viler　than　her　surroundings。　Yes；

she　had　sinned'standing　before　God's　judgment　seat'。　'No　one；'

she　declared；　'has　so　grieved　the　Holy　Spirit'；　of　that　she　was

quite　certain。　It　was　in　vain　that　she　prayed　to　be　delivered

from　vanity　and　hypocrisy；　and　she　could　not　bear　to　smile　or　to

be　gay；　'because　she　hated　God　to　hear　her　laugh；　as　if　she　had

not　repented　of　her　sin'。



A　weaker　spirit　would　have　been　overwhelmed　by　the　load　of　such

distresses　would　have　yielded　or　snapped。　But　this

extraordinary　young　woman　held　firm；　and　fought　her　way　to

victory。　With　an　amazing　persistency；　during　the　eight　years　that

followed　her　rebuff　over　Salisbury　Hospital；　she　struggled　and

worked　and　planned。　While　superficially　she　was　carrying　on　the

life　of　a　brilliant　girl　in　high　society；　while　internally　she

was　a　prey　to　the　tortures　of　regret　and　of　remorse；　she　yet

possessed　the　energy　to　collect　the　knowledge　and　to　undergo　the

experience　which　alone　could　enable　her　to　do　what　she　had

determined　she　would　do　in　the　end。　In　secret　she　devoured　the

reports　of　medical　commissions；　the　pamphlets　of　sanitary

authorities；　the　histories　of　hospitals　and　homes。　She　spent　the

intervals　of　the　London　season　in　ragged　schools　and　workhouses。

When　she　went　abroad　with　her　family；　she　used　her　spare　time　so

well　that　there　was　hardly　a　great　hospital　in　Europe　with　which

she　was　not　acquainted；　hardly　a　great　city　whose　shims　she　had

not　passed　through。　She　managed　to　spend　some　days　in　a　convent

school　in　Rome；　and　some　weeks　as　a　'Soeur　de　Charite'　in　Paris。

Then；　while　her　mother　and　sister　were　taking　the　waters　at

Carlsbad；　she　succeeded　in　slipping　off　to　a　nursing　institution

at　Kaiserswerth；　where　she　remained　for　more　than　three　months。

This　was　the　critical　event　of　her　life。　The　experience　which　she

gained　as　a　nurse　at　Kaiserswerth　formed　the　foundation　of　all

her　future　action　and　finally　fixed　her　in　her　career。



But　one　other　trial　awaited　her。　The　allurements　of　the　world　she

had　brushed　aside　with　disdain　and　loathing；　she　had　resisted　the

subtler　temptation　which；　in　her　weariness；　had　sometimes　come

upon　her；　of　devoting　her　baffled　energies　to　art　or　literature；

the　last　ordeal　appeared　in　the　shape　of　a　desirable　young　man。

Hitherto；　her　lovers　had　been　nothing　to　her　but　an　added　burden

and　a　mockery；　but　now　for　a　moment　she　wavered。　A　new

feeling　swept　over　hera　feeling　which　she　had　never　known

before　which　she　was　never　to　know　again。　The　most　powerful　and

the　profoundest　of　all　the　instincts　of　humanity　laid　claim　upon

her。　But　it　rose　before　her；　that　instinct；　arrayedhow　could　it

be　otherwise？　in　the　inevitable　habiliments　of　a　Victorian

marriage；　and　she　had　the　strength　to　stamp　it　underfoot。　'I　have

an　intellectual　nature　which　requires　satisfaction；'　she　noted；

'and　that　would　find　it　in　him。　I　have　a　passionate　nature　which

requires　satisfaction；　and　that　would　find　it　in　him。　I　have　a

moral；　an　active　nature　which　requires　satisfaction；　and　that

would　not　find　it　in　his　life。　Sometimes　I　think　that　I　will

satisfy　my　passionate　nature　at　all　events。　。。。'



But　no；　she　knew　in　her　heart　that　it　could　not　be。　'To　be　nailed

to　a　continuation　and　exaggeration　of　my　present　life　。。。　to　put

it　out　of　my　power　ever　to　be　able　to　seize　the　chance　of　forming

for　myself　a　true　and　rich　life'that　would　be　a　suicide。　She

made　her　choice；　and　refused　what　was　at　least　a　certain

happiness　for　a　visionary　good　which　might　never　come　to　her　at

all。　And　so　she　returned　to　her　old　life　of　waiting　and

bitterness。　'The　thoughts　and　feelings　that　I　have　now；'　she

wrote；　'I　can　remember　since　I　was　six　years　old。　A　profession；　a

trade；　a　necessary　occupation；　something　to　fill　and　employ　all

my　faculties；　I　have　always　felt　essential　to　me；　I　have　always

longed　for。　The　first　thought　I　can　remember；　and　the　last；　was

nursing　work；　and　in　the　absence　of　this；　education　work；　but

more　the　education　of　the　bad　than　of　the　young。。。　　Everything

has　been　tried　foreign　travel；　kind　friends；　everything。　My

God！　What　is　to　become　of　me？'　A　desirable　young　man？　Dust　and

ashes！　What　was　there　desirable　in　such　a　thing　as　that？　'In　my

thirty…first　year；'　she　noted　in　her　diary；　'I　see　nothing

desirable　but　death。'



Three　more　years　passed；　and　then　at　last　the　pressure　of　time

told；　her　family　seemed　to　realise　that　she　was　old　enough　and

strong　enough　to　have　her　way；　and　she　became　the　superintendent

of　a　charitable　nursing　home　in　Harley　Street。　She　had　gained　her

independence；　though　it　was　in　a　meagre　sphere　enough；　and　her

mother　was　still　not　quite　resigned：　surely　Florence　might　at

least　spend　the　summer　in　the　country。　At　times；　indeed；　among

her　intimates；　Mrs。　Nightingale　almost　wept。　'We　are　ducks；'　she

said　with　tears　in　her　eyes；　'who　have　hatched　a　wild　swan。'　But

the　poor　lady　was　wrong；　it　was　not　a　swan　that　they　had　hatched；

it　was　an　eagle。



II



Miss　NIGHTINGALE　had　been　a　year　in　her　nursing…home　in　Harley

Street；　when　Fate　knocked　at　the　door。　The　Crimean　War　broke　out；

the　battle　of　the　Alma　was　fought；　and　the　terrible　condition　of

our　military　hospitals　at　Scutari　began　to　be　known　in　England。

It　sometimes　happens　that　the　plans　of　Providence　are　a　little

difficult　to　follow；　but　on　this　occasion　all　was　plain；　there

was　a　perfect　coordination　of　events。　For　years　Miss　Nightingale

had　been　getting　ready；　at　last　she　was　prepared　experienced；

free；　mature；　yet　still　young　（she　was　thirty…four）　desirous　to

serve；　accustomed　to　command：　at　that　precise　moment　the

desperate　need　of　a　great　nation　came；　and　she　was　there　to

satisfy　it。　If　the　war　had　fallen　a　few　years　earlier；　she　would

have　lacked　the　knowledge；　perhaps　even　the　power；　for　such　a

work；　a　few　years　later　and　she　would；　no　doubt；　have　been　fixed

in　the　routine　of　some　absorbing　task；　and　moreover；　she　would

have　been　growing　old。



Nor　was　it　only　the　coincidence　of　time　that　was　remarkable。　It

so　fell　out　that　Sidney　Herbert　was　at　the　War　Office　and　in　the

Cabinet；　and　Sidney　Herbert　was　an　intimate　friend　of　Miss

Nightingale's；　convinced；　from　personal　experience　in　charitable

work；　of　her　supreme　capacity。　After　such　premises；　it　seems

hardly　more　than　a　matter　of　course　that　her　letter；　in　which　she

offered　her　services　for　the　East；　and　Sidney　Herbert's　letter；

in　which　he　asked　for　them；　should　actually　have　crossed　in　the

post。　Thus　it　all　happened；　without　a　hitch。　The　appointment　was

made　and　even　Mrs。　Nightingale；　overawed　by　the　magnitude　of　the

venture；　could　only　approve。　A　pair　of　faithful　friends　offered

themselves　a