phenomenology of mind-第135节

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darkness；　the　unmoved；　the　black　formless　stone。（13）

Both　representations　contain　inwardness　and　existence　—　the　two　moments　of　spirit：　and　both
kinds　of　manifestation　contain　both　moments　at　once　in　a　relation　of　opposition；　the　self　both　as
inward　and　as　outward。　Both　have　to　be　united。　The　soul　of　the　statue　in　human　form　does　not　yet
come　out　of　the　inner　being；　is　not　yet　speech；　objective　existence　of　self　which　is　inherently
internal；　—　and　the　inner　being　of　multiform　existence　is　still　without　voice　or　sound；　still　draws　no
distinctions　within　itself；　and　is　still　separated　from　its　outer　being；　to　which　all　distinctions　belong。
The　artificer；　therefore；　combines　both　by　blending　the　forms　of　nature　and　self…consciousness；
and　these　ambiguous　beings；　a　riddle　to　themselves　—　the　conscious　struggling　with　what　has　no
consciousness；　the　simple　inner　with　the　multiform　outer；　the　darkness　of　thought　mated　with　the
clearness　of　expression　—　these　break　out　into　the　language　of　a　wisdom　that　is　darkly　deep　and
difficult　to　understand。（14）

With　the　production　of　this　work；　the　instinctive　method　of　working　ceases；　which；　in　contrast　to
self…consciousness；　produced　a　work　devoid　of　consciousness。　For　here　the　activity　of　the
artificer；　which　constitutes　self…consciousness；　comes　face　to　face　with　an　inner　being　equally
self…conscious　and　giving　itself　expression。　He　has　therein　raised　himself　by　his　work　up　to　the
point　where　his　conscious　life　breaks　asunder；　where　spirit　greets　spirit。　In　this　unity　of
self…conscious　spirit　with　itself；　so　far　as　it　is　aware　of　being　embodiment　and　object　of　its　own
consciousness；　its　blending　and　mingling　with　the　unconscious　state　of　immediate　shapes　of　nature
become　purified。　These　monsters　in　form　and　shape；　word　and　deed；　are　resolved　and　dissolved
into　a　shape　which　is　spiritual…an　outer　which　has　entered　into　itself；　an　inner　which　expresses　itself
out　of　itself　and　in　itself；…they　pass　into　thought；　which　brings　forth　itself；　preserves　the　shape　and
form　suited　to　thought；　and　is　transparent　existence。　Spirit　is　Artist。



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　



1。　Primarily　Oriental　religion。　

2。　Parsee　religion。　

3。　Term　applied　in　e。g。　Judaism　and　Mohammedanism。　

4。　Cp。　Philos。　Of　Relig。；　W。W。；　XI；　403；404；　411。　

5。　Angels。　

6。　Cp。　Ency。；　§　389。　

7。　Primarily　religions　of　India。　

8。　Sacred　animals　in　Indian　religion。　

9。　Egyptian　religions。　

10。　The　Egyptian　columns　and　architecture。　

11。　The　representations　of　the　gods　with　forms　half　animal；　half　human。　

12。　The　statues　of　Memnon　which　gave　forth　a　moaning　harp…like　noise　at　sunrise。　

13。　The　Black　Stone　of　Mecca：　a　fetish　still　worshipped　by　the　faithful。　

14。　Sphinxes。　




B
　　　　　　　　　　　　　Religion　in　the　form　of　Art　（1）

SPIRIT　has　raised　the　shape　in　which　it　is　object　for　its　own　consciousness　into　the　form　of
consciousness　itself；　and　spirit　produces　such　a　shape　for　itself。　The　artificer　has　given　up　the
synthesizing　activity；　that　blending　of　the　heterogeneous　forms　of　thought　and　nature。　When　the
shape　has　gained　the　form　of　self…conscious　activity；　the　artificer　has　become　a　spiritual　workman。

If　we　next　ask；　what　the　actual　spirit　is；　which　finds　in　the　religion　of　art　the　consciousness　of　its
Absolute；　it　turns　out　that　this　is　the　ethical　or　objective　spirit。　This　spirit　is　not　merely　the　universal
substance　of　all　individuals；　but　when　this　substance　is　said　to　have；　as　an　objective　fact　for　actual
consciousness；　the　form　of　consciousness；　this　amounts　to　saying　that　the　substance；　which　is
individualized；　is　known　by　the　individuals　within　it　as　their　proper　essence　and　their　own
achievement。　It　is　for　them　neither　the　Light　of　the　World；　in　whose；　unity　the　self…existence　of
self…consciousness　is　contained　only　negatively；　only　transitorily；　and　beholds　the　lord　and　master
of　its　reality；　nor　is　it　the　restless　waste　and　destruction　of　hostile　nations；　nor　their　subjection　to
〃castes〃；　which　together　constitute　the　semblance　of　organization　of　a　completed　whole；　where；
however；　the　universal　freedom　of　the　individuals　concerned　is　wanting。　Rather　this　spirit　is　a　free
nation；　in　which　custom　and　order　constitute　the　common　substance　of　all；　whose　reality　and
existence　each　and　every　one　knows　to　be　his　own　will　and　his　own　deed。

The　religion　of　the　ethical　spirit；　however；　raises　it　above　its　actual　realization；　and　is　the　return
from　its　objectivity　into　pure　knowledge　of　itself。　Since　an　ethically　constituted　nation　lives　in　direct
unity　with　its　own　substance；　and　does　not　contain　the　principle　of　pure　individualism　of
self…consciousness；　the　religion　characteristic　of　its　sphere　first　appears　in　complete　form　in　its
parting　from　its　stable　security。　For　the　reality　of　the　ethical　substance　rests　partly　on　its　quiet
unchangeableness　as　contrasted　with　the　absolute　process　of　self…consciousness；　and　consequently
on　the　fact　that　this　self…consciousness　has　not　yet　left　its　serene　life　of　customary　convention　and
its　confident　security　therein；　and　gone　into　itself。　Partly；　again；　that　reality　rests　on　its　organization
into　a　plurality　of　rights　and　duties；　as　also　on　its　organized　distribution　into　the　spheres　of　the
various　classes；　each　with　its　particular　way　of　acting　which　co…operates　to　form　the　whole；　and
hence　rests　on　the　fact　that　the　individual　is　contented　with　the　limitation　of　his　existence；　and　has
not　yet　grasped　the　unrestricted　thought　of　his　free　self。　But　that　serene　immediate　confidence　in
the　substance　of　this　ethical　life　turns　back　into　trust　in　self　and　certainty　of　self；　and　the　plurality　of
rights　and　duties；　as　well　as　the　restricted　particular　action　this　involves；　is　the　same　dialectic
process　in　the　sphere　of　the　ethical　life　as　the　plurality　of　〃things〃and　their　various　〃qualities〃　—　a
process　which　only　comes　to　rest　and　stability　in　the　simplicity　of　spirit　certain　of　self

The　complete　fulfilment　of　the　ethical　life　in　free　self…consciousness；　and　the　destined
consummation　（Schicksal）　of　the　ethical　world；　are　therefore　that　individuality　which　has　entered
into　itself；　the　condition　is　one　of　absolute　levity　on　the　part　of　the　ethical　spirit；　it　has　dissipated
and　resolved　into　itself　all　the　firmly　established　distinctions　constituting　its　own　stability；　and　the
separate　spheres　of　its　own　articulated　organization　and；　being　perfectly　sure　of　itself；　has

attained　to　boundless　cheerfulness　of　heart　and　the　freest　enjoyment　of　itself。　This　simple　certainly
of　spirit　within　itself　has　a　double　meaning；　it　is　quiet　stability　and　solid　truth；　as　well　as　absolute
unrest；　and　the　disappearance　of　the　ethical　order。　It　turns　round；　however；　into　the　latter；　for　the
truth　of　the　ethical　spirit　lies　primarily　just　in　this　substantial　objectivity　and　trust；　in　which　the　self
does　not　know　itself　as　free　individual；　and　which；　therefore；　in　this　inner　subjectivity；　in　the　self
becoming　free；　falls　into　ruins。　Since　then　its　trust　is　broken；　and　the　substance　of　the　nation
cracked；　spirit；　which　was　the　connecting　medium　of　unstable　extremes；　has　now　come　forward　as
an　extreme　—　that　of　self…consciousness　grasping　itself　as　essential　and　ultimate。　This　is　spirit
certain　within　itself；　which　mourns　over　the　loss　of　its　world；　and　now　out　of　the　purity　of　self
produces　its　own　essential　being；　raised　above　actual　reality。

At　such　an　epoch　art　in　absolute　form（2）　comes　on　the　scene。　At　the　earlier　stage　it　is　instinctive　in
its　operation；　its　operation　is　steeped　in　existence；　works　its　way　out　of　existence　and　works　right
into　the　existent；　it　does　not　find　its　substance　in　the　free　life　of　an　ethical　order；　and　hence；　too；　as
regards　the　self　operating　does　not　exercise　free　spiritual　activity。

Later　on；　spirit　goes　beyond　art　in　order　to　gain　its　higher　manifestation；　viz。　that　of　being　not
merely　the　substance　born　and　produced　out　of　the　self；　but　of　being。　in　its　manifestation　as　object；
this　very　self；　it　seeks　at　that　higher　level　not　merely　to　bring　forth　itself　out　of　its　own　notion；　but　to
have　its　very　notion　as　its　shape；　so　that　the　notion　and　the　work　of　art　produced　may　know　each
other　reciprocally　as　one　and　the　same。（3）

Since；　then；　the　ethical　substance　has　withdrawn　from　its　objective　existence　into　its　pure
self…consciousness；　this　is　the　aspect　of　the　notion；　or　the　activity　with　which　spirit　brings　itself　forth
as　object。　It　is　pure　form；　because　the　individual　in　ethical　obedience　and　service　has　so　worked
off　every　unconscious　existence　and　every　fixed　determination；　as　the　substance　has　itself　become
this　fluid　and　undifferentiated　essence。　This　form　is　the　night　in　which　the　substance　was　betrayed；
and　made　itself　subject。　It　is　out　of　this　night　of　pure　certainty　of　self　that　the　ethical　spirit　rises
again　in　a　shape　freed　from　nature　and　its　own　immediate　existence。

The　existence　of　the　pure　notion　into　which　spirit　has　fled　from　its　bodily　shape；　is　an　individual；
which　spirit　selects　as　the　vessel　for　its　sorrow。　Spirit　acts　in　this　individual　as　his　universal　and　his
power；　from　which　he　suffers　violence；　as　his　ele