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ers　of　them　lie　cold　in　their　graves。　But　this　sending　forth　of　a　child…nation　to　take　its　own　political　status　in　the　world　has　never　yet　been　done　by　Great　Britain。　　I　cannot　remember　that　such　has　ever　been　done　by　any　great　power　with　reference　to　its　dependency；　by　any　power　that　was　powerful　enough　to　keep　such　dependency　within　its　grasp。　　But　a　man　thinking　on　these　matters　cannot　but　hope　that　a　time　will　come　when　such　amicable　severance　may　be　effected。　　Great　Britain　cannot　think　that　through　all　coming　ages　she　is　to　be　the　mistress　of　the　vast　continent　of　Australia；　lying　on　the　other　side　of　the　globe's　surface；　that　she　is　to　be　the　mistress　of　all　South　Africa；　as　civilization　shall　extend　northward；　that　the　enormous　territories　of　British　North　America　are　to　be　subject　forever　to　a　veto　from　Downing　Street。　　If　the　history　of　past　empires　does　not　teach　her　that　this　may　not　be　so；　at　least　the　history　of　the　United　States　might　so　teach　her。　　〃But　we　have　learned　a　lesson　from　those　United　States；〃　the　patriot　will　argue　who　dares　to　hope　that　the　glory　and　extent　of　the　British　empire　may　remain　unimpaired　in　saecula　saeculorum。　　〃Since　that　day　we　have　given　political　rights　to　our　colonies；　and　have　satisfied　the　political　longings　of　their　inhabitants。　　We　do　not　tax　their　tea　and　stamps；　but　leave　it　to　them　to　tax　themselves　as　they　may　please。〃　　True。　　But　in　political　aspirations　the　giving　of　an　inch　has　ever　created　the　desire　for　an　ell。　　If　the　Australian　colonies　even　now；　with　their　scanty　population　and　still　young　civilization；　chafe　against　imperial　interference；　will　they　submit　to　it　when　they　feel　within　their　veins　all　the　full　blood　of　political　manhood？　　What　is　the　cry　even　of　the　Canadiansof　the　Canadians　who　are　thoroughly　loyal　to　England？　　Send　us　a　faineant　governor；　a　King　Log；　who　will　not　presume　to　interfere　with　us；　a　governor　who　will　spend　his　money　and　live　like　a　gentleman；　and　care　little　or　nothing　for　politics。　　That　is　the　Canadian　beau　ideal　of　a　governor。　　They　are　to　govern　themselves；　and　he　who　comes　to　them　from　England　is　to　sit　among　them　as　the　silent　representative　of　England's　protection。　　If　that　be　trueand　I　do　not　think　that　any　who　know　the　Canadas　will　deny　itmust　it　not　be　presumed　that　they　will　soon　also　desire　a　faineant　minister　in　Downing　Street？　　Of　course　they　will　so　desire。　　Men　do　not　become　milder　in　their　aspirations　for　political　power　the　more　that　political　power　is　extended　to　them。　　Nor　would　it　be　well　that　they　should　be　so　humble　in　their　desires。　　Nations　devoid　of　political　power　have　never　risen　high　in　the　world's　esteem。　　Even　when　they　have　been　commercially　successful；　commerce　has　not　brought　to　them　the　greatness　which　it　has　always　given　when　joined　with　a　strong　political　existence。　The　Greeks　are　commercially　rich　and　active；　but　〃Greece〃　and　〃Greek〃　are　bywords　now　for　all　that　is　mean。　　Cuba　is　a　colony；　and　putting　aside　the　cities　of　the　States；　the　Havana　is　the　richest　town　on　the　other　side　of　the　Atlantic；　and　commercially　the　greatest；　but　the　political　villainy　of　Cuba；　her　daily　importation　of　slaves；　her　breaches　of　treaty；　and　the　bribery　of　her　all　but　royal　governor；　are　known　to　all　men。　　But　Canada　is　not　dishonest；　Canada　is　no　byword　for　anything　evil；　Canada　eats　her　own　bread　in　the　sweat　of　her　brow；　and　fears　a　bad　word　from　no　man。　　True。　　But　why　does　New　York；　with　its　suburbs　boast　a　million　of　inhabitants；　while　Montreal　has　85；000？　　Why　has　that　babe　in　years；　Chicago；　120；000；　while　Toronto　has　not　half　the　number？　　I　do　not　say　that　Montreal　and　Toronto　should　have　gone　ahead　abreast　with　New　York　and　Chicago。　　In　such　races　one　must　be　first；　and　one　last。　　But　I　do　say　that　the　Canadian　towns　will　have　no　equal　chance　till　they　are　actuated　by　that　feeling　of　political　independence　which　has　created　the　growth　of　the　towns　in　the　United　States。　I　do　not　think　that　the　time　has　yet　come　in　which　Great　Britain　should　desire　the　Canadians　to　start　for　themselves。　　There　is　the　making　of　that　railroad　to　be　effected；　and　something　done　toward　the　union　of　those　provinces。　　Canada　could　no　more　stand　alone　without　New　Brunswick　and　Nova　Scotia；　than　could　those　latter　colonies　without　Canada。　　But　I　think　it　would　be　well　to　be　prepared　for　such　a　coming　day；　and　that　it　would　at　any　rate　be　well　to　bring　home　to　ourselves　and　realize　the　idea　of　such　secession　on　the　part　of　our　colonies；　when　the　time　shall　have　come　at　which　such　secession　may　be　carried　out　with　profit　and　security　to　them。　　Great　Britain；　should　she　ever　send　forth　her　child　alone　into　the　world；　must　of　course　guarantee　her　security。　Such　guarantees　are　given　by　treaties；　and；　in　the　wording　of　them；　it　is　presumed　that　such　treaties　will　last　forever。　　It　will　be　argued　that　in　starting　British　North　America　as　a　political　power　on　its　own　bottom；　we　should　bind　ourself　to　all　the　expense　of　its　defense；　while　we　should　give　up　all　right　to　any　interference　in　its　concerns；　and　that；　from　a　state　of　things　so　unprofitable　as　this；　there　would　be　no　prospect　of　a　deliverance。　　But　such　treaties；　let　them　be　worded　how　they　will；　do　not　last　forever。　For　a　time；　no　doubt；　Great　Britain　would　be　so　hamperedif　indeed　she　would　feel　herself　hampered　by　extending　her　name　and　prestige　to　a　country　bound　to　her　by　ties　such　as　those　which　would　then　exist　between　her　and　this　new　nation。　　Such　treaties　are　not　everlasting；　nor　can　they　be　made　to　last　even　for　ages。　　Those　who　word　them　seem　to　think　that　powers　and　dynasties　will　never　pass　away。　　But　they　do　pass　away；　and　the　balance　of　power　will　not　keep　itself　fixed　forever　on　the　same　pivot。　　The　time　may　come　that　it　may　not　come　soon　we　will　all　desirebut　the　time　may　come　when　the　name　and　prestige　of　what　we　call　British　North　America　will　be　as　serviceable　to　Great　Britain　as　those　of　Great　Britain　are　now　serviceable　to　her　colonies。　But　what　shall　be　the　new　form　of　government　for　the　new　kingdom？　That　is　a　speculation　very　interesting　to　a　politician；　though　one　which　to　follow　out　at　great　length　in　these　early　days　would　be　rather　premature。　　That　it　should　be　a　kingdomthat　the　political　arrangement　should　be　one　of　which　a　crowned　hereditary　king　should　form　partnineteen　out　of　every　twenty　Englishmen　would　desire；　and；　as　I　fancy；　so　would　also　nineteen　out　of　every　twenty　Canadians。　　A　king　for　the　United　States；　when　they　first　established　themselves；　was　impossible。　　A　total　rupture　from　the　Old　World　and　all　its　habits　was　necessary　for　them。　　The　name　of　a　king；　or　monarch；　or　sovereign　had　become　horrible　to　their　ears。　Even　to　this　day　they　have　not　learned　the　difference　between　arbitrary　power　retained　in　the　hand　of　one　man；　such　as　that　now　held　by　the　Emperor　over　the　French；　and　such　hereditary　headship　in　the　State　as　that　which　belongs　to　the　Crown　in　Great　Britain。　And　this　was　necessary；　seeing　that　their　division　from　us　was　effected　by　strife；　and　carried　out　with　war　and　bitter　animosities。　　In　those　days　also　there　was　a　remnant；　though　but　a　small　remnant；　of　the　power　of　tyranny　left　within　the　scope　of　the　British　Crown。　　That　small　remnant　has　been　removed；　and　to　me　it　seems　that　no　form　of　existing　government；　no　form　of　government　that　ever　did　exist；　gives　or　has　given　so　large　a　measure　of　individual　freedom　to　all　who　live　under　it　as　a　constitutional　monarchy　in　which　the　Crown　is　divested　of　direct　political　power。　I　will　venture　then　to　suggest　a　king　for　this　new　nation；　and；　seeing　that　we　are　rich　in　princes；　there　need　be　no　difficulty　in　the　selection。　　Would　it　not　be　beautiful　to　see　a　new　nation　established　under　such　auspices；　and　to　establish　a　people　to　whom　their　independence　had　been　given；　to　whom　it　had　been　freely　surrendered　as　soon　as　they　were　capable　of　holding　the　position　assigned　to　them！

CHAPTER　VII。　NIAGARA。

Of　all　the　sights　on　this　earth　of　ours　which　tourists　travel　to　seeat　least　of　all　those　which　I　have　seenI　am　inclined　to　give　the　palm　to　the　Falls　of　Niagara。　　In　the　catalogue　of　such　sights　I　intend　to　include　all　buildings；　pictures；　statues；　and　wonders　of　art　made　by　men's　hands；　and　also　all　beauties　of　nature　prepared　by　the　Creator　for　the　delight　of　his　creatures。　　This　is　a　long　word；　but；　as　far　as　my　taste　and　judgment　go；　it　is　justified。　　I　know　no　other　one　thing　so　beautiful；　so　glorious；　and　so　powerful。　　I　would　not　by　this　be　understood　as　saying　that　a　traveler　wishing　to　do　the　best　with　his　time　should　first　of　all　places　seek　Niagara。　　In　visiting　Florence　he　may　learn　almost　all　that　modern　art　can　teach。　　At　Rome　he　will　be　brought　to　understand　the　cold　hearts；　correct　eyes；　and　cruel　ambition　of　the　old　Latin　race。　　In　Switzerland　he　will　surround　himself　with　a　flood　of　grandeur　and　loveliness；　and　fill　himself；　if　he　be　capable　of　such　filling；　with　a　flood　of　romance。　　The　tropics　will　unfold　to　him　all　that　vegetation　in　its　greatest　richness　can　produce。　　In　Paris　he　will　find　the　supreme　of　polish；　the　ne　plus　ultra　of　varnish　according　to　the　world's　capability　of　varnishing。　And　in　London　he　will　find　the　supreme　of　power；　the　ne　plus　ultra　of　work　according