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States?〃 a San Francisco wine merchant said to me; after he 

had shown me through his premises。  〃Well; here's the 

reason。〃



And opening a large cupboard; fitted with many little 

drawers; he proceeded to shower me all over with a great 

variety of gorgeously tinted labels; blue; red; or yellow; 

stamped with crown or coronet; and hailing from such a 

profusion of CLOS and CHATEAUX; that a single department 

could scarce have furnished forth the names。  But it was 

strange that all looked unfamiliar。



〃Chateau X…?〃 said I。  〃I never heard of that。〃



〃I dare say not;〃 said he。  〃I had been reading one of X…'s 

novels。〃



They were all castles in Spain!  But that sure enough is the 

reason why California wine is not drunk in the States。



Napa valley has been long a seat of the wine…growing 

industry。  It did not here begin; as it does too often; in 

the low valley lands along the river; but took at once to the 

rough foot…hills; where alone it can expect to prosper。  A 

basking inclination; and stones; to be a reservoir of the 

day's heat; seem necessary to the soil for wine; the 

grossness of the earth must be evaporated; its marrow daily 

melted and refined for ages; until at length these clods that 

break below our footing; and to the eye appear but common 

earth; are truly and to the perceiving mind; a masterpiece of 

nature。  The dust of Richebourg; which the wind carries away; 

what an apotheosis of the dust!  Not man himself can seem a 

stranger child of that brown; friable powder; than the blood 

and sun in that old flask behind the faggots。



A Californian vineyard; one of man's outposts in the 

wilderness; has features of its own。  There is nothing here 

to remind you of the Rhine or Rhone; of the low COTE D'OR; or 

the infamous and scabby deserts of Champagne; but all is 

green; solitary; covert。  We visited two of them; Mr。 

Schram's and Mr。 M'Eckron's; sharing the same glen。



Some way down the valley below Calistoga; we turned sharply 

to the south and plunged into the thick of the wood。  A rude 

trail rapidly mounting; a little stream tinkling by on the 

one hand; big enough perhaps after the rains; but already 

yielding up its life; overhead and on all sides a bower of 

green and tangled thicket; still fragrant and still flower…

bespangled by the early season; where thimble…berry played 

the part of our English hawthorn; and the buck…eyes were 

putting forth their twisted horns of blossom:  through all 

this; we struggled toughly upwards; canted to and fro by the 

roughness of the trail; and continually switched across the 

face by sprays of leaf or blossom。  The last is no great 

inconvenience at home; but here in California it is a matter 

of some moment。  For in all woods and by every wayside there 

prospers an abominable shrub or weed; called poison…oak; 

whose very neighbourhood is venomous to some; and whose 

actual touch is avoided by the most impervious。



The two houses; with their vineyards; stood each in a green 

niche of its own in this steep and narrow forest dell。  

Though they were so near; there was already a good difference 

in level; and Mr。 M'Eckron's head must be a long way under 

the feet of Mr。 Schram。  No more had been cleared than was 

necessary for cultivation; close around each oasis ran the 

tangled wood; the glen enfolds them; there they lie basking 

in sun and silence; concealed from all but the clouds and the 

mountain birds。



Mr。 M'Eckron's is a bachelor establishment; a little bit of a 

wooden house; a small cellar hard by in the hillside; and a 

patch of vines planted and tended single…handed by himself。  

He had but recently began; his vines were young; his business 

young also; but I thought he had the look of the man who 

succeeds。  He hailed from Greenock:  he remembered his father 

putting him inside Mons Meg; and that touched me home; and we 

exchanged a word or two of Scotch; which pleased me more than 

you would fancy。



Mr。 Schram's; on the other hand; is the oldest vineyard in 

the valley; eighteen years old; I think; yet he began a 

penniless barber; and even after he had broken ground up here 

with his black malvoisies; continued for long to tramp the 

valley with his razor。  Now; his place is the picture of 

prosperity:  stuffed birds in the verandah; cellars far dug 

into the hillside; and resting on pillars like a bandit's 

cave:… all trimness; varnish; flowers; and sunshine; among 

the tangled wildwood。  Stout; smiling Mrs。 Schram; who has 

been to Europe and apparently all about the States for 

pleasure; entertained Fanny in the verandah; while I was 

tasting wines in the cellar。  To Mr。 Schram this was a solemn 

office; his serious gusto warmed my heart; prosperity had not 

yet wholly banished a certain neophite and girlish 

trepidation; and he followed every sip and read my face with 

proud anxiety。  I tasted all。  I tasted every variety and 

shade of Schramberger; red and white Schramberger; Burgundy 

Schramberger; Schramberger Hock; Schramberger Golden 

Chasselas; the latter with a notable bouquet; and I fear to 

think how many more。  Much of it goes to London … most; I 

think; and Mr。 Schram has a great notion of the English 

taste。



In this wild spot; I did not feel the sacredness of ancient 

cultivation。  It was still raw; it was no Marathon; and no 

Johannisberg; yet the stirring sunlight; and the growing 

vines; and the vats and bottles in the cavern; made a 

pleasant music for the mind。  Here; also; earth's cream was 

being skimmed and garnered; and the London customers can 

taste; such as it is; the tang of the earth in this green 

valley。  So local; so quintessential is a wine; that it seems 

the very birds in the verandah might communicate a flavour; 

and that romantic cellar influence the bottle next to be 

uncorked in Pimlico; and the smile of jolly Mr。 Schram might 

mantle in the glass。



But these are but experiments。  All things in this new land 

are moving farther on:  the wine…vats and the miner's 

blasting tools but picket for a night; like Bedouin 

pavillions; and to…morrow; to fresh woods!  This stir of 

change and these perpetual echoes of the moving footfall; 

haunt the land。  Men move eternally; still chasing Fortune; 

and; fortune found; still wander。  As we drove back to 

Calistoga; the road lay empty of mere passengers; but its 

green side was dotted with the camps of travelling families:  

one cumbered with a great waggonful of household stuff; 

settlers going to occupy a ranche they had taken up in 

Mendocino; or perhaps Tehama County; another; a party in dust 

coats; men and women; whom we found camped in a grove on the 

roadside; all on pleasure bent; with a Chinaman to cook for 

them; and who waved their hands to us as we drove by。







CHAPTER IV … THE SCOT ABROAD







A FEW pages back; I wrote that a man belonged; in these days; 

to a variety of countries; but the old land is still the true 

love; the others are but pleasant infidelities。  Scotland is 

indefinable; it has no unity except upon the map。  Two 

languages; many dialects; innumerable forms of piety; and 

countless local patriotisms and prejudices; part us among 

ourselves more widely than the extreme east and west of that 

great continent of America。  When I am at home; I feel a man 

from Glasgow to be something like a rival; a man from Barra 

to be more than half a foreigner。  Yet let us meet in some 

far country; and; whether we hail from the braes of Manor or 

the braes of Mar; some ready…made affection joins us on the 

instant。  It is not race。  Look at us。  One is Norse; one 

Celtic; and another Saxon。  It is not community of tongue。  

We have it not among ourselves; and we have it almost to 

perfection; with English; or Irish; or American。  It is no 

tie of faith; for we detest each other's errors。  And yet 

somewhere; deep down in the heart of each one of us; 

something yearns for the old land; and the old kindly people。



Of all mysteries of the human heart; this is perhaps the most 

inscrutable。  There is no special loveliness in that gray 

country; with its rainy; sea…beat archipelago; its fields of 

dark mountains; its unsightly places; black with coal; its 

treeless; sour; unfriendly looking corn…lands; its quaint; 

gray; castled city; where the bells clash of a Sunday; and 

the wind squalls; and the salt showers fly and beat。  I do 

not even know if I desire to live there; but let me hear; in 

some far land; a kindred voice sing out; 〃Oh; why left I my 

hame?〃 and it seems at once as if no beauty under the kind 

heavens; and no society of the wise and good; can repay me 

for my absence from my country。  And though I think I would 

rather die elsewhere; yet in my heart of hearts I long to be 

buried among good Scots clods。  I will say it fairly; it 

grows on me with eve

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