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those nearest to us察or what not察and granted that in some cases 

these causes do drive men to actual self´destruction察yet 

suffering such as this happens to a comparatively small number察

and occupies comparatively a small space in the lives of those to 

whom it does happen。



What察however察have we to say to those cases in which suffering 

and injustice are inflicted upon defenceless sicАpeople for 

years and years察so that the iron enters into their souls察and 

they have no avenger。  Can we give any comfort to such sufferers拭

and察if not察is our religion any better than a mockery´a filling 

the rich with good things and sending the hungry empty away拭 Can 

we tell them察when they are oppressed with burdens察yet that 

their cry will come up to God and be heard拭 The question 

suggests its own answer察for assuredly our God knows our 

innermost secrets此there is not a word in our hearts but He 

knoweth it altogether察He knoweth our down´sitting and our 

uprising察He is about our path and about our bed察and spieth out 

all our ways察He has fashioned us behind and before察and ;we 

cannot attain such knowledge察─for察like all knowledge when it 

has become perfect察 it is too excellent for us。;



;Whither then察─says David察 shall I go from thy Spirit察or 

whither shall I go察then察from thy presence拭 If I climb up into 

heaven thou art there察if I go down into hell thou art there 

also。  If I take the wings of the morning and remain in the 

uttermost parts of the sea察even there also shall thy hand lead 

me察and thy right hand shall hold me。  If I say peradventure the 

darkness shall cover me察then shall my night be turned into day此

the darkness and light to thee are both alike。  For my reins 

are thine察thou hast covered me in my mother's womb。  My bones 

are not hid from thee此though I be made secretly and fashioned 

beneath in the earth察thine eyes did see my substance yet being 

unperfect察and in thy book were all my members written察which day 

by day were fashioned when as yet there was none of them。  Do I 

not hate them察O Lord察that hate thee拭and am I not grieved with 

them that rise up against thee拭Yea察I hate them right sore察as 

though they were mine enemies。; Psalm CXXXIX。 There is not a 

word  of this which we cannot endorse with more significance察as 

well as with greater heartiness than those can who look upon God 

as He is commonly represented to them察whatever comfort察

therefore察those in distress have been in the habit of receiving 

from these and kindred passages察we intensify rather than not。  We 

cannot察alas make pain cease to be pain察nor injustice easy to 

bear察but we can show that no pain is bootless察and that there is 

a tendency in all injustice to right itself察suffering is not 

inflicted wilfully察。sicАas it were by a magician who could have 

averted it 察nor is it vain in its results察but unless we are cut 

off from God by having dwelt in some place where none of our kind 

can know of what has happened to us察it will move God's heart to 

redress our grievance察and will tend to the happiness of those 

who come after us察even if not to our own。



The moral government of God over the world is exercised through 

us察who are his ministers and persons察and a government of this 

description is the only one which can be observed as practically 

influencing men's conduct。  God helps those who help themselves察

because in helping themselves they are helping Him。  Again察Vox 

Populi vox Dei。 The current feeling of our peers is what we 

instinctively turn to when we would know whether such and such a 

course of conduct is right or wrong察and so Paul clenches his 

list of things that the Philippians were to hold fast with the 

words察 whatsoever things are of good fame;´that is to say察he 

falls back upon an appeal to the educated conscience of his age。  

Certainly the wicked do sometimes appear to escape punishment察

but it must be remembered there are punishments from within which 

do not meet the eye。  If these fall on a man察he is sufficiently 

punished察if they do not fall on him察it is probable we have been 

over hasty in assuming that he is wicked。  





                            CHAPTER IX



                         GOD THE UNKNOWN



The reader will already have felt that the panzoistic conception 

of God´the conception察that is to say察of God as comprising all 

living units in His own single person´does not help us to 

understand the origin of matter察nor yet that of the primordial 

cell which has grown and unfolded itself into the present life of 

the world。  How was the world rendered fit for the habitation of 

the first germ of Life拭How came it to have air and water察

without which nothing that we know of as living can exist拭Was 

the world fashioned and furnished with aqueous and atmospheric 

adjuncts with a view to the requirements of the infant monad察and 

to his due development拭 If so察we have evidence of design察and 

if so of a designer察and if so there must be Some far vaster 

Person who looms out behind our God察and who stands in the same 

relation to him as he to us。  And behind this vaster and more 

unknown God there may be yet another察and another察and another。



It is certain that Life did not make the world with a view to its 

own future requirements。  For the world was at one time red hot察

and there can have been no living being upon it。  Nor is it 

conceivable that matter in which there was no life´inasmuch as it 

was infinitely hotter than the hottest infusion which any living 

germ can support´could gradually come to be alive without 

impregnation from a living parent。  All living things that we know 

of have come from other living things with bodies and souls察

whose existence can be satisfactorily established in spite of 

their being often too small for our detection。  Since察then察the 

world was once without life察and since no analogy points in the 

direction of thinking that life can spring up spontaneously察we 

are driven to suppose that it was introduced into this world from 

some other source extraneous to it altogether察and if so we find 

ourselves irresistibly drawn to the inquiry whether the source of 

the life that is in the world´the impregnator of this earth´may 

not also have prepared the earth for the reception of his 

offspring察as a hen makes an egg´shell or a peach a stone for the 

protection of the germ within it拭Not only are we drawn to the 

inquiry察but we are drawn also to the answer that the earth 

was so prepared designedly by a Person with body and soul 

who knew beforehand the kind of thing he required察and who took 

the necessary steps to bring it about。



If this is so we are members indeed of the God of this world察but 

we are not his children察we are children of the Unknown and 

Vaster God who called him into existence察and this in a far more 

literal sense than we have been in the habit of realising sicА

to ourselves。  For it may be doubted whether the monads are not as 

truly seminal in character as the procreative matter from which 

all animals spring。



It must be remembered that if there is any truth in the view put 

forward in ;Life and Habit察─and in ;Evolution Old and New; and 

I have met with no serious attempt to upset the line of argument 

taken in either of these books察then no complex animal or plant 

can reach its full development without having already gone 

through the stages of that development on an infinite number of 

past occasions。  An egg makes itself into a hen because it knows 

the way to do so察having already made itself into a hen millions 

and millions of times over察the ease and unconsciousness with 

which it grows being in themselves sufficient demonstration of 

this fact。  At each stage in its growth he chicken is reminded察

by a return of the associated ideas察of the next step that it 

should take察and it accordingly takes it。



But if this is so察and if also the congeries of all the 

living forms in the world must be regarded as a single person察

throughout their long growth from the primordial cell onwards to 

the present day察then察by parity of reasoning察the person thus 

compounded´that is to say察Life or God´should have already passed 

through a growth analogous to that which we find he has taken 

upon this earth on an infinite number of past occasions察and the 

development of each class of life察with its culmination in the 

vertebrate animals and in man察should be due to recollection 

by God of his having passed through the same stages察or nearly 

so察in worlds and universes察which we know of from personal 

recollection察as evidenced in the growth and structure of our 

bodies察but concerning which we have no other knowledge 

whatsoever。



So small a space remains to me that I cannot pursue further the 

reflections which suggest themselves。  A few concluding 

conside

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