the origins of contemporary france-3-第44节

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this　human　species。　〃　　Letter　of　M。　Villardy；　president　of　the

Directory　of　the　Bouches…du…Rh？ne　May　21。　〃More　than　two　millions　of

the　national　property　is　exposed　to　pillage　and　total　destruction　by

the　new　Mandrins　who　devastate　this　unfortunate　country。　〃　　Letter

of　Méglé；　recruiting　sergeant　of　the　La　Mark　regiment；　arrested　along

with　two　of　his　comrades。　　〃The　corps　of　Mandrins　which　arrested　us

set　us　at　liberty。　。　。　We　were　arrested　because　we　refused　to　join

them；　and　on　our　refusal　we　were　daily　threatened　with　the　gallows。〃



＇41＇　Mortimer…Ternaux；　I。　379　（note　on　Jourdan；　by　Faure；　deputy）。　

Barbaroux；　〃Mémoires〃（Ed。　Dauban）；　392。　〃After　the　death　of　Patrix　a

general　had　to　be　elected。　Nobody　wanted　the　place　in　an　army　that　had

just　shown　so　great　a　lack　of　discipline。　Jourdan　arose　and　declared

that　as　far　as　he　was　concerned；　he　was　ready　to　accept　the　position。

No　reply　was　made。　He　nominated　himself；　and　asked　the　soldiers　if

they　wanted　him　for　general。　A　drunkard　is　likely　to　please　other

drunkards；　they　applauded　him；　and　he　was　thus　proclaimed。〃



＇42＇　After　a　famous　brigand　in　Dauphiny；　named　Mandrin。…TR。　＇Mandrin；

（Louis）　　（Saint　étienne…de…　Saint…Geoirs；　Isère；　1724　　…　　Valence；

1755）。　French　smuggler　who；　after　1750；　was　active　over　an　enormous

territory　with　the　support　of　the　population；　hunted　down　by　the　army；

caught；　condemned　to　death　to　be　broken　alive　on　the　wheel。　See　also

Taine's　explanation　in　Ancient　Régime　page　356　app。　（SR）。＇



＇43＇　Cf。　André；　passim；　and　Soulier；　passim。　…　Mercure　de　France；

June　4；　1791。　　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　F7；　3197。　Letter　of　Madame　de

Gabrielli；　March　14；　1791。　（Her　house　is　pillaged　Jan。　10；　and　she　and

her　maid　escape　by　the　roof。）　　Report　of　the　municipal　officers　of

Tarascon；　May　22。　〃The　troop　which　has　entered　the　district　pillages

everything　it　can　lay　its　hands　on。〃　　Letter　of　the　syndic…attorney

of　Orange；　May　22。　〃Last　Wednesday；　a　little　girl　ten　years　of　age；　on

her　way　from　Chateauneuf　to　Courtheson；　was　violated　by　one　on　of

them；　and　the　poor　child　is　almost　dead。　〃　　Dispatch　of　the　three

commissioners　to　the　Minister；　May　21。　〃It　is　now　fully　proved　by　men

who　are　perfectly　reliable　that　the　pretended　patriots；　said　to　have

acted　so　gloriously　at　Sarrians；　are　cannibals　equally　execrated　both

at　Avignon　and　Carpentras。〃



＇44＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　letter　of　the　Directory　of　the　Bouches…du…

Rh？ne；　May　21；　1791。　　Deliberations　of　the　Avignon　municipality；

associated　with　the　notables　and　the　military　committee；　May　15：　　〃The

enormous　expense　attending　the　pay　and　food　for　the　detachments　。　。

。forced　contributions。　。　。　　What　is　most　revolting　is　that　those　who

are　charged　with　the　duty　arbitrarily　tax　the　inhabitants；　according

as　they　arc　deemed　bad　or　good　patriots。　。　。　The　municipality；　the

military　committee；　and　the　club　of　the　Friends　of　the　Constitution

dared　to　make　a　protest；　the　proscription　against　them　is　their　reward

for　their　attachment　to　the　French　constitution。



＇45＇　Letter　of　M。　Boulet；　formerly　physician　in　the　French　military

hospitals　and　member　of　the　electoral　assembly；　May　21。



＇46＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　DXXIv。　16…23；　No。3。　Narrative　of　what　took

place　yesterday；　August　21；　in　the　town　of　Avignon。　　Letters　by　the

mayor；　Richard；　and　two　others；　Aug。　21。　　Letter　to　the　president　of

the　National　Assembly；　Aug。22　（with　five　signatures；　in　the　name　of

200　families　that　had　taken　refuge　in　the　Ile　de　la　Bartelasse）。



＇47＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　DXXIV。　3。　　Letter　of　M。　Laverne；　for　M。

Canonge；　keeper　of　the　Mont…de…Piété。　（The　electoral　assembly　of

Vaucluse　and　the　　juge…de…paix　　had　forbidden　him　to　give　this　box

into　any　other　hands。）　　Letters　of　M。　Mulot；　mediating　commissioner；

Gentilly　les　Sorgues；　Oct。　14；　15；　16；　　1791。　　Letter　of　M。　Laverne；

mayor；　and　the　municipal　officers；　Avignon；　Jan。　6；　1792。　　Statement

of　events　occurring　at　Avignon；　Oct。　16；　17；　and　18　（without　a

signature；　but　written　at　once　on　the　spot）。　　　Official　rapport　of

the　provisional　administrators　of　Avignon；　Oct。　16。　　Certified　copy

of　the　notice　found　posted　in　Avignon　in　different　places　this　day；

Oct。　16　（probably　written　by　one　of　the　women　of　the　lower　class　and

showing　what　the　popular　feeling　was）。　　A　letter　written　to　M。

Mulot；　Oct。　13'　already　contains　this　phrase：　〃Finally；　even　if　they

delay　stopping　their　robberies　and　pillage；　misery　and　the　miserable

will　still　remain　〃　　Testimony　of　Joseph　Sauton；　a　chasseur　in　the

paid　guard　of　Avignon；　Oct。　17　（an　eye…witness　of　what　passed　at　the

Cordeliers）。



＇48＇　André。　II。62。　Deposition　of　la　Ratapiole。　　Death　of　the　girl

Ayme　and　of　Mesdames　Niel　et　Crouzet。　　De　Dampmartin；　II。　2。



＇49＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　　DXXIV；　3。　Report　on　the　events　of　Oct。

16：　〃Two　sworn　priests　were　killed；　which　proves　that　a　counter…

revolution　had　nothing　to　do　with　it；　。　。　Six　of　the　municipal

officers　were　assassinated。　They　had　been　elected　according　to　the

terms　of　the　decree；　they　were　the　fruit　of　the　popular　will　at　the

outbreak　of　the　Revolution；　they　were　　accordingly　patriots。〃　

Buchez　et　Roux；　XII。　420。　Official　report　of　the　Commune　of　Avignon；

on　the　events　of　Oct。　16。



＇50＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　DXXIV。　3。　Dispatch　of　the　civil

Commissioners　deputized　by　France　（Messrs。　Beauregard；　Lecesne；　and

Champion）　to　the　Minister　Jan。　8；　1792。　（A　long　and　admirable　letter；

in　which　the　difference　between　the　two　parties　is　exhibited；

supported　by　facts；　in　refutation　of　the　calumnies　of　Duprat。　The

oppressed　party　is　composed　not　of　royalists；　but　of

Constitutionalists。）



＇51＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　F7；　3177。　　Dispatches　of　the　three

commissioners；　April　27；　May　4；　18；　and　21。



＇52＇　Three　hundred　and　thirty…five　witnesses　testified　during　the

trial。　　De　Dampmartin；　I。266。　Entry　of　the　French　army　into　Avignon；

Nov。　16；　1791：　〃All　who　were　rich；　except　a　very　small　number；　had

taken　flight　or　perished。　The　best　houses　were　all　empty　or　closed。〃　…

…　Elections　for　a　new　municipality　were　held　Nov。26；　1791。　Out　of

2；287　active　citizens　Mayor　Levieux　de　Laverne　obtains　2；227　votes；

while　the　municipal　officer　lowest　on　the　list　1；800。　All　are

Constitutionalists　and　conservatives。



＇53＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　F7；　3196。　Official　report　of　Augier　and

Fabre；　administrators　of　the　Bouches…du…Rh？ne；　Avignon；　May　11；　1792。

　Moniteur；　XII。　313。　Report　of　the　Minister　of　Justice；　May　5。　

XII。　324。　Petition　of　forty　inhabitants　of　Avignon；　May　7。　　XII　334。

Official　report　of　Pinet；　commissioner　of　the　Dr？me；　sent　to　Avignon。

　XII。　354　Report　of　M。　Chassaignac　and　other　papers；　May　10。　XI。

741　　Letter　of　the　civil　commissioners；　also　of　the　Avignon

municipality；　March　　23。



＇54＇　〃The　French　Revolution；〃　vol。　I　。　pp。　344…352；　on　the　sixth

jacquerie；　everywhere　managed　by　the　Jacobins。　Two　or　three　traits

show　its　spirit　and　course　of　action。　（〃Archives　Nationales；〃　　F7；

3202。　Letter　of　the　Directory　of　the　district　of　Aurillac；　March　27；

1792；　with　official　reports。）　〃On　the　20th　of　March；　about　forty

brigands；　calling　themselves　patriots　and　friends　of　the　constitution；

force　honest　and　worthy　but　very　poor　citizens　in　nine　or　ten　of　the

houses　of　Capelle…Viscamp　to　give　them　money；　generally　five　francs

each　person；　and　sometimes　ten；　twenty；　and　forty　francs。〃　Others　tear

down　or　pillage　the　chateaux　of　Rouesque；　Rode；　Marcolès；　and　Vitrac

and　drag　the　municipal　officers　along　with　them。　〃We；　the　mayor　and

municipal　officers　of　the　parish　of　Vitrac；　held　a　meeting　yesterday；

March　22；　following　the　example　of　our　neighboring　parishes　on　the

occasion　of　the　demolition　of　the　chateaux。　We　marched　at　the　head　of

our　national　guard　and　that　of　Salvetat　to　the　said　chateaux。　We　began

by　hoisting　the　national　flag　and　to　demolish　。　。　。　The　national　guard

of　Boisset；　eating　and　drinking　without　stint；　entered　the　chateau　and

behaved　in　the　most　brutal　manner；　for　whatever　they　found　in　their

way；　whether　clocks；　mirrors；　doors；　closets；　and　finally　documents；

all　were　made　way　with。　They　even　sent　off　forty　of　the　men　to　a

patriotic　village　in　the　vicinity。　They　forced　the　inmates　of　every

house　to　give　them　money；　and　those　who　refused　were　threatened　with

death。〃　Besides　this　the　national　guard　of　Boisset　carried　off　the

furniture　of　the　chateau。　　There　is　something　burlesque　in　the

conflicts　of　the　municipalities　with　the　Jacobin　expeditions　（letter

of　the　municipal　officers　of　Cottines　to　the　Directory　of　St。　Louis；

March　26）。　〃We　are　very　glad　to　inform　you　that　there　is　a　crowd　in

our　parish；　amongst　which　are　many　belonging　to　neighboring　parishes；

and　that　they　have　visited　the　house　of　　sieur　Tossy　and　a　sum　of

money　of　which　we　do　not　know　the　amount　is　demanded；　and　that　they

will　not　leave　without　that　sum　so　that　they　cam　have　something　to

live　on；　these　people　being　assembled　solely　t