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her are glorifying Christ; in short; those are Christians who are 
not Romans。

But; to say yet more; even this never entered my heart: to 
inveigh against the Court of Rome or to dispute at all about her。 
For; seeing all remedies for her health to be desperate; I looked 
on her with contempt; and; giving her a bill of divorcement; said 
to her; 〃He that is unjust; let him be unjust still; and he that 
is filthy; let him be filthy still;〃 giving myself up to the 
peaceful and quiet study of sacred literature; that by this I 
might be of use to the brethren living about me。

While I was making some advance in these studies; Satan opened 
his eyes and goaded on his servant John Eccius; that notorious 
adversary of Christ; by the unchecked lust for fame; to drag me 
unexpectedly into the arena; trying to catch me in one little 
word concerning the primacy of the Church of Rome; which had 
fallen from me in passing。 That boastful Thraso; foaming and 
gnashing his teeth; proclaimed that he would dare all things for 
the glory of God and for the honour of the holy apostolic seat; 
and; being puffed up respecting your power; which he was about to 
misuse; he looked forward with all certainty to victory; seeking 
to promote; not so much the primacy of Peter; as his own 
pre…eminence among the theologians of this age; for he thought it 
would contribute in no slight degree to this; if he were to lead 
Luther in triumph。 The result having proved unfortunate for the 
sophist; an incredible rage torments him; for he feels that 
whatever discredit to Rome has arisen through me has been caused 
by the fault of himself alone。

Suffer me; I pray you; most excellent Leo; both to plead my own 
cause; and to accuse your true enemies。 I believe it is known to 
you in what way Cardinal Cajetan; your imprudent and unfortunate; 
nay unfaithful; legate; acted towards me。 When; on account of my 
reverence for your name; I had placed myself and all that was 
mine in his hands; he did not so act as to establish peace; which 
he could easily have established by one little word; since I at 
that time promised to be silent and to make an end of my case; if 
he would command my adversaries to do the same。 But that man of 
pride; not content with this agreement; began to justify my 
adversaries; to give them free licence; and to order me to 
recant; a thing which was certainly not in his commission。 Thus 
indeed; when the case was in the best position; it came through 
his vexatious tyranny into a much worse one。 Therefore whatever 
has followed upon this is the fault not of Luther; but entirely 
of Cajetan; since he did not suffer me to be silent and remain 
quiet; which at that time I was entreating for with all my might。 
What more was it my duty to do?

Next came Charles Miltitz; also a nuncio from your Blessedness。 
He; though he went up and down with much and varied exertion; and 
omitted nothing which could tend to restore the position of the 
cause thrown into confusion by the rashness and pride of Cajetan; 
had difficulty; even with the help of that very illustrious 
prince the Elector Frederick; in at last bringing about more than 
one familiar conference with me。 In these I again yielded to your 
great name; and was prepared to keep silence; and to accept as my 
judge either the Archbishop of Treves; or the Bishop of Naumburg; 
and thus it was done and concluded。 While this was being done 
with good hope of success; lo! that other and greater enemy of 
yours; Eccius; rushed in with his Leipsic disputation; which he 
had undertaken against Carlstadt; and; having taken up a new 
question concerning the primacy of the Pope; turned his arms 
unexpectedly against me; and completely overthrew the plan for 
peace。 Meanwhile Charles Miltitz was waiting; disputations were 
held; judges were being chosen; but no decision was arrived at。 
And no wonder! for by the falsehoods; pretences; and arts of 
Eccius the whole business was brought into such thorough 
disorder; confusion; and festering soreness; that; whichever way 
the sentence might lean; a greater conflagration was sure to 
arise; for he was seeking; not after truth; but after his own 
credit。 In this case too I omitted nothing which it was right 
that I should do。

I confess that on this occasion no small part of the corruptions 
of Rome came to light; but; if there was any offence in this; it 
was the fault of Eccius; who; in taking on him a burden beyond 
his strength; and in furiously aiming at credit for himself; 
unveiled to the whole world the disgrace of Rome。

Here is that enemy of yours; Leo; or rather of your Court; by his 
example alone we may learn that an enemy is not more baneful than 
a flatterer。 For what did he bring about by his flattery; except 
evils which no king could have brought about? At this day the 
name of the Court of Rome stinks in the nostrils of the world; 
the papal authority is growing weak; and its notorious ignorance 
is evil spoken of。 We should hear none of these things; if Eccius 
had not disturbed the plans of Miltitz and myself for peace。 He 
feels this clearly enough himself in the indignation he shows; 
too late and in vain; against the publication of my books。 He 
ought to have reflected on this at the time when he was all mad 
for renown; and was seeking in your cause nothing but his own 
objects; and that with the greatest peril to you。 The foolish man 
hoped that; from fear of your name; I should yield and keep 
silence; for I do not think he presumed on his talents and 
learning。 Now; when he sees that I am very confident and speak 
aloud; he repents too late of his rashness; and seesif indeed 
he does see itthat there is One in heaven who resists the 
proud; and humbles the presumptuous。

Since then we were bringing about by this disputation nothing but 
the greater confusion of the cause of Rome; Charles Miltitz for 
the third time addressed the Fathers of the Order; assembled in 
chapter; and sought their advice for the settlement of the case; 
as being now in a most troubled and perilous state。 Since; by the 
favour of God; there was no hope of proceeding against me by 
force; some of the more noted of their number were sent to me; 
and begged me at least to show respect to your person and to 
vindicate in a humble letter both your innocence and my own。 They 
said that the affair was not as yet in a position of extreme 
hopelessness; if Leo X。; in his inborn kindliness; would put his 
hand to it。 On this I; who have always offered and wished for 
peace; in order that I might devote myself to calmer and more 
useful pursuits; and who for this very purpose have acted with so 
much spirit and vehemence; in order to put down by the strength 
and impetuosity of my words; as well as of my feelings; men whom 
I saw to be very far from equal to myselfI; I say; not only 
gladly yielded; but even accepted it with joy and gratitude; as 
the greatest kindness and benefit; if you should think it right 
to satisfy my hopes。

Thus I come; most blessed Father; and in all abasement beseech 
you to put to your hand; if it is possible; and impose a curb to 
those flatterers who are enemies of peace; while they pretend 
peace。 But there is no reason; most blessed Father; why any one 
should assume that I am to utter a recantation; unless he prefers 
to involve the case in still greater confusion。 Moreover; I 
cannot bear with laws for the interpretation of the word of God; 
since the word of God; which teaches liberty in all other things; 
ought not to be bound。 Saving these two things; there is nothing 
which I am not able; and most heartily willing; to do or to 
suffer。 I hate contention; I will challenge no one; in return I 
wish not to be challenged; but; being challenged; I will not be 
dumb in the cause of Christ my Master。 For your Blessedness will 
be able by one short and easy word to call these controversies 
before you and suppress them; and to impose silence and peace on 
both sidesa word which I have ever longed to hear。

Therefore; Leo; my Father; beware of listening to those sirens 
who make you out to be not simply a man; but partly a god; so 
that you can command and require whatever you will。 It will not 
happen so; nor will you prevail。 You are the servant of servants; 
and more than any other man; in a most pitiable and perilous 
position。 Let not those men deceive you who pretend that you are 
lord of the world; who will not allow any one to be a Christian 
without your authority; who babble of your having power over 
heaven; hell; and purgatory。 These men are your enemies and are 
seeking your soul to destroy it; as Isaiah says; 〃My people; they 
that call thee blessed are themselves deceiving thee。〃 They are 
in error who raise you above councils and the universal Church; 
they are in error who attribute to you alone the right of 
interpreting Scripture。 All these men are seeking to set up their 
own impieties in the Church under your name; and alas! Satan has 
gained much through them in the time of your predecessors。

In brief; trust not in any who exalt you; but in those who 
humiliate you。 For this 

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