the underground city-第3节

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。　Thus　in　the　lowest　layers　of　the　coal　ground　appears　the　anthracite；　which；　being　almost　destitute　of　volatile　matter；　contains　the　greatest　quantity　of　carbon。　　In　the　higher　beds　are　found；　on　the　contrary；　lignite　and　fossil　wood；　substances　in　which　the　quantity　of　carbon　is　infinitely　less。　　Between　these　two　beds；　according　to　the　degree　of　pressure　to　which　they　have　been　subjected；　are　found　veins　of　graphite　and　rich　or　poor　coal。　　It　may　be　asserted　that　it　is　for　want　of　sufficient　pressure　that　beds　of　peaty　bog　have　not　been　completely　changed　into　coal。　　So　then；　the　origin　of　coal　mines；　in　whatever　part　of　the　globe　they　have　been　discovered；　is　this：　the　absorption　through　the　terrestrial　crust　of　the　great　forests　of　the　geological　period；　then；　the　mineralization　of　the　vegetables　obtained　in　the　course　of　time；　under　the　influence　of　pressure　and　heat；　and　under　the　action　of　carbonic　acid。

Now；　at　the　time　when　the　events　related　in　this　story　took　place；　some　of　the　most　important　mines　of　the　Scottish　coal　beds　had　been　exhausted　by　too　rapid　working。　　In　the　region　which　extends　between　Edinburgh　and　Glasgow；　for　a　distance　of　ten　or　twelve　miles；　lay　the　Aberfoyle　colliery；　of　which　the　engineer；　James　Starr；　had　so　long

directed　the　works。　　For　ten　years　these　mines　had　been　abandoned。　No　new　seams　had　been　discovered；　although　the　soundings　had　been　carried　to　a　depth　of　fifteen　hundred　or　even　of　two　thousand　feet；　and　when　James　Starr　had　retired；　it　was　with　the　full　conviction　that　even　the　smallest　vein　had　been　completely　exhausted。

Under　these　circumstances；　it　was　plain　that　the　discovery　of　a　new　seam　of　coal　would　be　an　important　event。　Could　Simon　Ford's　communication　relate　to　a　fact　of　this　nature？　This　question　James　Starr　could　not　cease　asking　himself。　Was　he　called　to　make　conquest　of　another　corner　of　these　rich　treasure　fields？　　Fain　would　he　hope　it　was　so。

The　second　letter　had　for　an　instant　checked　his　speculations　on　this　subject；　but　now　he　thought　of　that　letter　no　longer。　　Besides；　the　son　of　the　old　overman　was　there；　waiting　at　the　appointed　rendezvous。　The　anonymous　letter　was　therefore　worth　nothing。

The　moment　the　engineer　set　foot　on　the　platform　at　the　end　of　his　journey；　the　young　man　advanced　towards　him。


〃Are　you　Harry　Ford？〃　asked　the　engineer　quickly。

〃Yes；　Mr。　Starr。〃

〃I　should　not　have　known　you；　my　lad。　　Of　course　in　ten　years　you　have　become　a　man！〃

〃I　knew　you　directly；　sir；〃　replied　the　young　miner；　cap　in　hand。　〃You　have　not　changed。　　You　look　just　as　you　did　when　you　bade　us　good…by　in　the　Dochart　pit。　　I　haven't　forgotten　that　day。〃

〃Put　on　your　cap；　Harry；〃　said　the　engineer。　　〃It's　pouring；　and　politeness　needn't　make　you　catch　cold。〃

〃Shall　we　take　shelter　anywhere；　Mr。　Starr？〃　asked　young　Ford。

〃No；　Harry。　　The　weather　is　settled。　　It　will　rain　all　day；　and　I　am　in　a　hurry。　　Let　us　go　on。〃

〃I　am　at　your　orders；〃　replied　Harry。

〃Tell　me；　Harry；　is　your　father　well？〃

〃Very　well；　Mr。　Starr。〃

〃And　your　mother？〃

〃She　is　well；　too。〃

〃Was　it　your　father　who　wrote　telling　me　to　come　to　the　Yarrow　shaft？〃

〃No；　it　was　I。〃


〃Then　did　Simon　Ford　send　me　a　second　letter　to　contradict　the　first？〃　asked　the　engineer　quickly。

〃No；　Mr。　Starr；〃　answered　the　young　miner。

〃Very　well；〃　said　Starr；　without　speaking　of　the　anonymous　letter。　Then；　continuing；　〃And　can　you　tell　me　what　you　father　wants　with　me？〃

〃Mr。　Starr；　my　father　wishes　to　tell　you　himself。〃

〃But　you　know　what　it　is？〃

〃I　do；　sir。〃

〃Well；　Harry；　I　will　not　ask　you　more。　　But　let　us　get　on；　for　I'm　anxious　to　see　Simon　Ford。　　By…the…bye；　where　does　he　live？〃

〃In　the　mine。〃

〃What！　　In　the　Dochart　pit？〃

〃Yes；　Mr。　Starr；〃　replied　Harry。

〃Really！　has　your　family　never　left　the　old　mine　since　the　cessation　of　the　works？〃

〃Not　a　day；　Mr。　Starr。　　You　know　my　father。　　It　is　there　he　was　born；　it　is　there　he　means　to　die！〃


〃I　can　understand　that；　Harry。　　I　can　understand　that！　　His　native　mine！　He　did　not　like　to　abandon　it！　　And　are　you　happy　there？〃

〃Yes；　Mr。　Starr；〃　replied　the　young　miner；　〃for　we　love　one　another；　and　we　have　but　few　wants。〃

〃Well；　Harry；〃　said　the　engineer；　〃lead　the　way。〃

And　walking　rapidly　through　the　streets　of　Callander；　in　a　few　minutes　they　had　left　the　town　behind　them。


CHAPTER　III　THE　DOCHART　PIT


HARRY　FORD　was　a　fine；　strapping　fellow　of　five　and　twenty。　His　grave　looks；　his　habitually　passive　expression；　had　from　childhood　been　noticed　among　his　comrades　in　the　mine。　His　regular　features；　his　deep　blue　eyes；　his　curly　hair；　rather　chestnut　than　fair；　the　natural　grace　of　his　person；　altogether　made　him　a　fine　specimen　of　a　lowlander。　Accustomed　from　his　earliest　days　to　the　work　of　the　mine；　he　was　strong　and　hardy；　as　well　as　brave　and　good。　Guided　by　his　father；　and　impelled　by　his　own　inclinations；　he　had　early　begun　his　education；　and　at　an　age　when　most　lads

are　little　more　than　apprentices；　he　had　managed　to　make　himself　of　some　importance；　a　leader；　in　fact；　among　his　fellows；　and　few　are　very　ignorant　in　a　country　which　does　all　it　can　to　remove　ignorance。　　Though；　during　the　first　years　of　his　youth；　the　pick　was　never　out　of　Harry's　hand；　nevertheless　the　young　miner　was　not　long　in　acquiring　sufficient　knowledge　to　raise　him　into　the　upper　class　of　the　miners；　and　he　would　certainly　have　succeeded　his　father　as　overman　of　the　Dochart　pit；　if　the　colliery　had　not　been　abandoned。

James　Starr　was　still　a　good　walker；　yet　he　could　not　easily　have　kept　up　with　his　guide；　if　the　latter　had　not　slackened　his　pace。　　The　young　man；　carrying　the　engineer's　bag；　followed　the　left　bank　of　the　river　for　about　a　mile。　　Leaving　its　winding　course；　they　took　a　road　under　tall；　dripping　trees。　Wide　fields　lay　on　either　side；　around　isolated　farms。　In　one　field　a　herd　of　hornless　cows　were　quietly　grazing；　in　another　sheep　with　silky　wool；　like　those　in　a　child's　toy　sheep　fold。

The　Yarrow　shaft　was　situated　four　miles　from　Callander。　　Whilst　walking；　James　Starr　could　not　but　be　struck　with　the　change　in　the　country。　He　had　not　seen　it　since　the　day　when　the　last　ton　of　Aberfoyle　coal　had　been　emptied　into　railway　trucks　to　be　sent　to　Glasgow。　　Agricultural　life　had　now　taken　the　place　of　the　more　stirring；　active；　industrial　life。　The　contrast　was　all　the　greater　because；　during　winter；　field　work　is　at　a　standstill。　　But　formerly；　at　whatever　season；　the　mining　population；　above　and　below　ground；　filled　the　scene　with　animation。　　Great　wagons　of　coal　used　to　be　passing　night　and　day。　　The　rails；　with　their　rotten　sleepers；　now　disused；　were　then　constantly　ground　by　the　weight　of　wagons。　　Now　stony　roads　took　the　place　of　the　old　mining　tramways。　James　Starr　felt　as　if　he　was　traversing　a　desert。

The　engineer　gazed　about　him　with　a　saddened　eye。　He　stopped　now　and　then　to　take　breath。　　He　listened。　The　air　was　no　longer　filled　with　distant　whistlings　and　the　panting　of　engines。　　None　of　those　black　vapors　which　the　manufacturer　loves　to　see；　hung　in　the　horizon；　mingling　with　the　clouds。　No　tall　cylindrical　or　prismatic　chimney　vomited　out　smoke；　after　being　fed　from　the　mine　itself；　no　blast…pipe　was　puffing　out　its　white　vapor。　　The　ground；

formerly　black　with　coal　dust；　had　a　bright　look；　to　which　James　Starr's　eyes　were　not　accustomed。

When　the　engineer　stood　still；　Harry　Ford　stopped　also。　The　young　miner　waited　in　silence。　　He　felt　what　was　passing　in　his　companion's　mind；　and　he　shared　his　feelings；　he；　a　child　of　the　mine；　whose　whole　life　had　been　passed　in　its　depths。

〃Yes；　Harry；　it　is　all　changed；〃　said　Starr。　　〃But　at　the　rate　we　worked；　of　course　the　treasures　of　coal　would　have　been　exhausted　some　day。　Do　you　regret　that　time？〃

〃I　do　regret　it；　Mr。　Starr；〃　answered　Harry。　　〃The　work　was　hard；　but　it　was　interesting；　as　are　all　struggles。〃

〃No　doubt；　my　lad。　　A　continuous　struggle　against　the　dangers　of　landslips；　fires；　inundations；　explosions　of　firedamp；　like　claps　of　thunder。　　One　had　to　guard　against　all　those　perils！　　You　say　well！　It　was　a　struggle；　and　consequently　an　exciting　life。〃

〃The　miners　of　Alva　have　been　more　favored　than　the　miners　of　Aberfoyle；　Mr。　Starr！〃

〃Ay；　Harry；　so　they　have；〃　replied　the　engineer。

〃Indeed；〃　cried　the　young　man；　〃it's　a　pity　that　all　the　globe　was　not　made　of　coal；　then　there　would　have　been　enough　to　last　millions　of　years！〃

〃No　doubt　there　would；　Harry；　it　must　be　acknowledged；　however；　that　nature　has　shown　more　forethought　by　forming　our　sphere　principally　of　sandstone；　limestone；　and　granite；　which　fire　cannot　consume。〃

〃Do　you　mean　to　say；　Mr。　Starr；　that　mankind　would　have　ended　by　burning　their　own　globe？〃

〃Yes！　　The　whole　of　it；　my　lad；〃　answered　the　engineer。　〃The　earth　would　have　passed　to　the　last　bit　into　the　furnaces　of　engines；　machines；　steamers；　gas　factories；　certainly；　that　would　have　been　the　end　of　our　world　one　fine　day！〃

〃There　is　no　fear　of　that　now；　Mr。　Starr。　　But　yet；　the　mines　will　be　exhausted；　no　doubt；　and　more　rapidly　than　the　statistics　make　out！〃

〃That　will　happen；　Harry；　and　in　my　opinion　England　is　very　wrong　in　exchanging　her　fuel　for