pompey-第4节

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Romans；　and　therefore　he　bestowed　some　few　days　in　hunting　lions　and
elephants。　And　it　is　said　that　it　was　not　above　the　space　of　forty
days　at　the　utmost　in　which　he　gave　a　total　overthrow　to　the　enemy；
reduced　Africa；　and　established　the　affairs　of　the　kings　and
kingdoms　of　all　that　country；　being　then　in　the　twenty…fourth　year
of　his　age。
　　When　Pompey　returned　back　to　the　city　of　Utica；　there　were　presented
to　him　letters　and　orders　from　Sylla；　commanding　him　to　disband　the
rest　of　his　army；　and　himself　with　one　legion　only　to　wait　there　the
coming　of　another　general；　to　succeed　him　in　the　government。　This；
inwardly；　was　extremely　grievous　to　Pompey；　though　he　made　no　show
of　it。　But　the　army　resented　it　openly；　and　when　Pompey　besought
them　to　depart　and　go　home　before　him；　they　began　to　revile　Sylla；　and
declared　broadly　that　they　were　resolved　not　to　forsake　him；　neither
did　they　think　it　safe　for　him　to　trust　the　tyrant。　Pompey　at　first
endeavoured　to　appease　and　pacify　them　by　fair　speeches；　but　when　he
saw　that　his　persuasions　were　vain；　he　left　the　bench；　and　retired
to　his　tent　with　tears　in　his　eyes。　But　the　soldiers　followed　him；　and
seizing　upon　him；　by　force　brought　him　again；　and　placed　him　in　his
tribunal；　where　great　part　of　that　day　was　spent　in　dispute；　they　on
their　part　persuading　him　to　stay　and　command　them；　he；　on　the　other
side；　pressing　upon　them　obedience　and　the　danger　of　mutiny。　At
last；　when　they　grew　yet　more　importunate　and　clamorous；　he　swore　that
he　would　kill　himself　if　they　attempted　to　force　him；　and　scarcely
even　thus　appeased　them。　Nevertheless；　the　first　tidings　brought　to
Sylla　were　that　Pompey　was　up　in　rebellion；　on　which　he　remarked　to
some　of　his　friends；　〃I　see；　then；　it　is　my　destiny　to　contend　with
children　in　my　old　age；〃　alluding　at　the　same　time　to　Marius；　who；
being　but　a　mere　youth；　had　given　him　great　trouble；　and　brought　him
into　extreme　danger。　But　being　undeceived　afterwards　by　better
intelligence；　and　finding　the　whole　city　prepared　to　meet　Pompey；
and　receive　him　with　every　display　of　kindness　and　honour；　he　resolved
to　exceed　them　all。　And；　therefore；　going　out　foremost　to　meet　him　and
embracing　him　with　great　cordiality；　he　gave　him　his　welcome　aloud
in　the　title　of　Magnus；　or　the　Great；　and　bade　all　that　were　present
call　him　by　that　name。　Others　say　that　he　had　this　title　first　given
him　by　a　general　acclamation　of　all　the　army　in　Africa；　but　that　it
was　fixed　upon　him　by　this　ratification　of　Sylla。　It　is　certain　that
he　himself　was　the　last　that　owned　the　title；　for　it　was　a　long　time
after；　when　he　was　sent　proconsul　into　Spain　against　Sertorius；　that
he　began　to　write　himself　in　his　letters　and　commissions　by　the　name
of　Pompeius　Magnus；　common　and　familiar　use　having　then　worn　off　the
invidiousness　of　the　title。　And　one　cannot　but　accord　respect　and
admiration　to　the　ancient　Romans；　who　did　not　reward　the　successes
of　action　and　conduct　in　war　alone　with　such　honourable　titles；　but
adorned　likewise　the　virtue　and　services　of　eminent　men　in　civil
government　with　the　same　distinctions　and　marks　of　honour。　Two　persons
received　from　the　people　the　name　of　Maximus；　or　the　Greatest；
Valerius　for　reconciling　the　senate　and　people；　and　Fabius　Rullus；
because　he　put　out　of　the　senate　certain　sons　of　freed　slaves　who
had　been　admitted　into　it　because　of　their　wealth。
　　Pompey　now　desired　the　honour　of　a　triumph；　which　Sylla　opposed；
alleging　that　the　law　allowed　that　honour　to　none　but　consuls　and
praetors；　and　therefore　Scipio　the　elder；　who　subdued　the
Carthaginians　in　Spain　in　far　greater　and　nobler　conflicts；　never
petitioned　for　a　triumph；　because　he　had　never　been　consul　or　praetor；
and　if　Pompey；　who　had　scarcely　yet　fully　grown　a　beard；　and　was　not
of　age　to　be　a　senator；　should　enter　the　city　in　triumph；　what　a
weight　of　envy　would　it　bring；　he　said；　at　once　upon　his　government
and　Pompey's　honour。　This　was　his　language　to　Pompey；　intimating
that　he　could　not　by　any　means　yield　to　his　request；　but　if　he　would
persist　in　his　ambition；　that　he　was　resolved　to　interpose　his　power
to　humble　him。　Pompey；　however；　was　not　daunted；　but　bade　Sylla
recollect　that　more　worshipped　the　rising　than　the　setting　sun；　as
if　to　tell　him　that　his　power　was　increasing　and　Sylla's　in　the
wane。　Sylla　did　not　perfectly　hear　the　words；　but　observing　a　sort
of　amazement　and　wonder　in　the　looks　and　gestures　of　those　that　did
hear　them；　he　asked　what　it　was　that　he　said。　When　it　was　told　him；　he
seemed　astounded　at　Pompey's　boldness；　and　cried　out　twice　together；
〃Let　him　triumph；〃　and　when　others　began　to　show　their
disapprobation　and　offence　at　it；　Pompey；　it　is　said；　to　gall　and
vex　them　the　more；　designed　to　have　his　triumphant　chariot　drawn
with　four　elephants　（having　brought　over　several　which　belonged　to　the
African　kings）；　but　the　gates　of　the　city　being　too　narrow；　he　was
forced　to　desist　from　that　project；　and　be　content　with　horses。　And
when　his　soldiers；　who　had　not　received　as　large　rewards　as　they　had
expected；　began　to　clamour；　and　interrupt　the　triumph；　Pompey　regarded
these　as　little　as　the　rest；　and　plainly　told　them　that　he　had
rather　lose　the　honour　of　his　triumph　than　flatter　them。　Upon　which
Servilius；　a　man　of　great　distinction；　and　at　first　one　of　the　chief
opposers　of　Pompey's　triumph；　said；　he　now　perceived　that　Pompey　was
truly　great　and　worthy　of　a　triumph。　It　is　clear　that　he　might
easily　have　been　a　senator；　also；　if　he　had　wished；　but　he　did　not　sue
for　that；　being　ambitious；　it　seems；　only　of　unusual　honours。　For　what
wonder　had　it　been　for　Pompey　to　sit　in　the　senate　before　his　time？
But　to　triumph　before　he　was　in　the　senate　was　really　an　excess　of
glory。
　　And；　moreover；　it　did　not　a　little　ingratiate　him　with　the　people；
who　were　much　pleased　to　see　him　after　his　triumph　take　his　place
again　among　the　Roman　knights。　On　the　other　side；　it　was　no　less
distasteful　to　Sylla　to　see　how　fast　he　came　on；　and　to　what　a
height　of　glory　and　power　he　was　advancing；　yet　being　ashamed　to
hinder　him；　he　kept　quiet。　But　when；　against　his　direct　wishes；　Pompey
got　Lepidus　made　consul；　having　openly　joined　in　the　canvass　and；　by
the　good…will　the　people　felt　for　himself；　conciliated　their　favour
for　Lepidus；　Sylla　could　forbear　no　longer；　but　when　he　saw　him　coming
away　from　the　election　through　the　forum　with　a　great　train　after　him；
cried　out　to　him；　〃Well；　young　man；　I　see　you　rejoice　in　your　victory。
And；　indeed；　is　it　not　a　most　generous　and　worthy　act；　that　the
consulship　should　be　given　to　Lepidus；　the　vilest　of　men；　in
preference　to　Catulus；　the　best　and　most　deserving　in　the　city；　and
all　by　your　influence　with　the　people？　It　will　be　well；　however；　for
you　to　be　wakeful　and　look　to　your　interests；　as　you　have　been
making　your　enemy　stronger　than　yourself。〃　But　that　which　gave　the
clearest　demonstration　of　Sylla's　ill…will　to　Pompey　was　his　last　will
and　testament；　for　whereas　he　bequeathed　several　legacies　to　all　the
rest　of　his　friends；　and　appointed　some　of　them　guardians　to　his
son；　he　passed　by　Pompey　without　the　least　remembrance。　However；
Pompey　bore　this　with　great　moderation　and　temper；　and　when　Lepidus
and　others　were　disposed　to　obstruct　his　interment　in　the　Campus
Martius；　and　to　prevent　any　public　funeral　taking　place；　came
forward　in　support　of　it；　and　saw　his　obsequies　performed　with　all
honour　and　security。
　　Shortly　after　the　death　of　Sylla；　his　prophetic　words　were
fulfilled；　and　Lepidus　proposing　to　be　the　successor　to　all　his
power　and　authority；　without　any　ambiguities　or　pretences；　immediately
appeared　in　arms；　rousing　once　more　and　gathering　about　him　all　the
long　dangerous　remains　of　the　old　factions；　which　had　escaped　the　hand
of　Sylla。　Catulus；　his　colleague；　who　was　followed　by　the　sounder　part
of　the　senate　and　people；　was　a　man　of　the　greatest　esteem　among　the
Romans　for　wisdom　and　justice；　but　his　talent　lay　in　the　government　of
the　city　rather　than　the　camp；　whereas　the　exigency　required　the　skill
of　Pompey。　Pompey；　therefore；　was　not　long　in　suspense　which　way　to
dispose　of　himself；　but　joining　with　the　nobility；　was　presently
appointed　general　of　the　army　against　Lepidus；　who　had　already
raised　up　war　in　great　part　of　Italy；　and　held　Cisalpine　Gaul　in
subjection　with　an　army　under　Brutus。　As　for　the　rest　of　his
garrisons；　Pompey　subdued　them　with　ease　in　his　march；　but　Mutina　in
Gaul　resisted　in　a　formal　siege；　and　he　lay　here　a　long　time
encamped　against　Brutus。　In　the　meantime　Lepidus　marched　in　all
haste　against　Rome；　and　sitting　down　before　it　with　a　crowd　of
followers；　to　the　terror　of　those　within；　demanded　a　second
consulship。　But　that　fear　quickly　vanished　upon　letters　sent　from
Pompey；　announcing　that　he　had　ended　the　war　without　a　battle；　for
Brutus；　either　betraying　his　army；　or　being　betrayed　by　their
revolt；　surrendered　himself　to　Pompey；　and　receiving　a　guard　of　horse；
was　conducted　to　a　little　town　upon　the　river　Po；　where　he　was　slain
the　next　day　by　Geminius；　in　execution　of　Pompey's　commands。　And　for
this　Pompey　was　much　censured；　for；　having　at　the　beginning　of　the
revolt　written　to