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第10节

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小说: 01-economy 字数: 每页4000字

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universally developed; as birds universally sing when they are so

engaged?  But alas! we do like cowbirds and cuckoos; which lay their

eggs in nests which other birds have built; and cheer no traveller

with their chattering and unmusical notes。  Shall we forever resign

the pleasure of construction to the carpenter?  What does

architecture amount to in the experience of the mass of men?  I

never in all my walks came across a man engaged in so simple and

natural an occupation as building his house。  We belong to the

community。  It is not the tailor alone who is the ninth part of a

man; it is as much the preacher; and the merchant; and the farmer。

Where is this division of labor to end? and what object does it

finally serve?  No doubt another may also think for me; but it is

not therefore desirable that he should do so to the exclusion of my

thinking for myself。

    True; there are architects so called in this country; and I have

heard of one at least possessed with the idea of making

architectural ornaments have a core of truth; a necessity; and hence

a beauty; as if it were a revelation to him。  All very well perhaps

from his point of view; but only a little better than the common

dilettantism。  A sentimental reformer in architecture; he began at

the cornice; not at the foundation。  It was only how to put a core

of truth within the ornaments; that every sugarplum; in fact; might

have an almond or caraway seed in it  though I hold that almonds

are most wholesome without the sugar  and not how the inhabitant;

the indweller; might build truly within and without; and let the

ornaments take care of themselves。  What reasonable man ever

supposed that ornaments were something outward and in the skin

merely  that the tortoise got his spotted shell; or the shell…fish

its mother…o'…pearl tints; by such a contract as the inhabitants of

Broadway their Trinity Church?  But a man has no more to do with the

style of architecture of his house than a tortoise with that of its

shell: nor need the soldier be so idle as to try to paint the

precise color of his virtue on his standard。  The enemy will find it

out。  He may turn pale when the trial comes。  This man seemed to me

to lean over the cornice; and timidly whisper his half truth to the

rude occupants who really knew it better than he。  What of

architectural beauty I now see; I know has gradually grown from

within outward; out of the necessities and character of the

indweller; who is the only builder  out of some unconscious

truthfulness; and nobleness; without ever a thought for the

appearance and whatever additional beauty of this kind is destined

to be produced will be preceded by a like unconscious beauty of

life。  The most interesting dwellings in this country; as the

painter knows; are the most unpretending; humble log huts and

cottages of the poor commonly; it is the life of the inhabitants

whose shells they are; and not any peculiarity in their surfaces

merely; which makes them picturesque; and equally interesting will

be the citizen's suburban box; when his life shall be as simple and

as agreeable to the imagination; and there is as little straining

after effect in the style of his dwelling。  A great proportion of

architectural ornaments are literally hollow; and a September gale

would strip them off; like borrowed plumes; without injury to the

substantials。  They can do without architecture who have no olives

nor wines in the cellar。  What if an equal ado were made about the

ornaments of style in literature; and the architects of our bibles

spent as much time about their cornices as the architects of our

churches do?  So are made the belles…lettres and the beaux…arts and

their professors。  Much it concerns a man; forsooth; how a few

sticks are slanted over him or under him; and what colors are daubed

upon his box。  It would signify somewhat; if; in any earnest sense;

he slanted them and daubed it; but the spirit having departed out of

the tenant; it is of a piece with constructing his own coffin  the

architecture of the grave  and 〃carpenter〃 is but another name for

〃coffin…maker。〃  One man says; in his despair or indifference to

life; take up a handful of the earth at your feet; and paint your

house that color。  Is he thinking of his last and narrow house?

Toss up a copper for it as well。  What an abundance of leisure be

must have!  Why do you take up a handful of dirt?  Better paint your

house your own complexion; let it turn pale or blush for you。  An

enterprise to improve the style of cottage architecture!  When you

have got my ornaments ready; I will wear them。

    Before winter I built a chimney; and shingled the sides of my

house; which were already impervious to rain; with imperfect and

sappy shingles made of the first slice of the log; whose edges I was

obliged to straighten with a plane。

    I have thus a tight shingled and plastered house; ten feet wide

by fifteen long; and eight…feet posts; with a garret and a closet; a

large window on each side; two trap doors; one door at the end; and

a brick fireplace opposite。  The exact cost of my house; paying the

usual price for such materials as I used; but not counting the work;

all of which was done by myself; was as follows; and I give the

details because very few are able to tell exactly what their houses

cost; and fewer still; if any; the separate cost of the various

materials which compose them:



    Boards 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  8。03+; mostly shanty boards。

    Refuse shingles for roof sides 。。。  4。00

    Laths 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  1。25

    Two second…hand windows

       with glass 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  2。43

    One thousand old brick 。。。。。。。。。。。  4。00

    Two casks of lime 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  2。40  That was high。

    Hair 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。31  More than I needed。

    Mantle…tree iron 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。15

    Nails 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  3。90

    Hinges and screws 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。14

    Latch 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。10

    Chalk 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。01

    Transportation 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  1。40  I carried a good part

                                      … on my back。

        In all 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 28。12+



    These are all the materials; excepting the timber; stones; and

sand; which I claimed by squatter's right。  I have also a small

woodshed adjoining; made chiefly of the stuff which was left after

building the house。

    I intend to build me a house which will surpass any on the main

street in Concord in grandeur and luxury; as soon as it pleases me

as much and will cost me no more than my present one。

    I thus found that the student who wishes for a shelter can

obtain one for a lifetime at an expense not greater than the rent

which he now pays annually。  If I seem to boast more than is

becoming; my excuse is that I brag for humanity rather than for

myself; and my shortcomings and inconsistencies do not affect the

truth of my statement。  Notwithstanding much cant and hypocrisy 

chaff which I find it difficult to separate from my wheat; but for

which I am as sorry as any man  I will breathe freely and stretch

myself in this respect; it is such a relief to both the moral and

physical system; and I am resolved that I will not through humility

become the devil's attorney。  I will endeavor to speak a good word

for the truth。  At Cambridge College the mere rent of a student's

room; which is only a little larger than my own; is thirty dollars

each year; though the corporation had the advantage of building

thirty…two side by side and under one roof; and the occupant suffers

the inconvenience of many and noisy neighbors; and perhaps a

residence in the fourth story。  I cannot but think that if we had

more true wisdom in these respects; not only less education would be

needed; because; forsooth; more would already have been acquired;

but the pecuniary expense of getting an education would in a great

measure vanish。  Those conveniences which the student requires at

Cambridge or elsewhere cost him or somebody else ten times as great

a sacrifice of life as they would with proper management on both

sides。  Those things for which the most money is demanded are never

the things which the student most wants。  Tuition; for instance; is

an important item in the term bill; while for the far more valuable

education which he gets by associating with the most cultivated of

his contemporaries no charge is made。  The mode of founding a

college is; commonly; to get up a subscription of dollars and cents;

and then; following blindly the principles of a division of labor to

its extreme  a principle which should never be followed but with

circumspection  to call in a contractor who makes this a subject

of speculation; and he employs Irishmen or other operatives actually

to lay the foundations; while the students that are to be are said

to be fitting themselves for it;

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