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¡¨Now£»¡¡gentlemen£»¡¡I¡¡am¡¡not¡¡going¡¡to¡¡enter¡¡into¡¡a¡¡long¡winded¡¡discussion¡¡of¡¡these¡¡points¡¡at¡¡this¡¡time£»¡¡since¡¡the¡¡testimony¡¡is¡¡going¡¡to¡¡show¡¡very¡¡rapidly¡¡what¡¡the¡¡facts¡¡are¡£¡¡¡¡We¡¡have¡¡a¡¡number¡¡of¡¡witnesses¡¡here£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡are¡¡all¡¡anxious¡¡to¡¡have¡¡them¡¡heard¡£¡¡¡¡What¡¡I¡¡am¡¡going¡¡to¡¡ask¡¡you¡¡to¡¡remember¡¡is¡¡that¡¡there¡¡is¡¡not¡¡one¡¡scintilla¡¡of¡¡testimony¡¡outside¡¡of¡¡that¡¡which¡¡may¡¡possibly¡¡be¡¡given¡¡by¡¡Mr¡£¡¡George¡¡W¡£¡¡Stener£»¡¡which¡¡will¡¡show¡¡either¡¡that¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Cowperwood¡¡knew£»¡¡at¡¡the¡¡time¡¡he¡¡called¡¡on¡¡the¡¡city¡¡treasurer£»¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡going¡¡to¡¡fail£»¡¡or¡¡that¡¡he¡¡had¡¡not¡¡purchased¡¡the¡¡certificates¡¡in¡¡question£»¡¡or¡¡that¡¡he¡¡had¡¡not¡¡the¡¡right¡¡to¡¡withhold¡¡them¡¡from¡¡the¡¡sinking¡fund¡¡as¡¡long¡¡as¡¡he¡¡pleased¡¡up¡¡to¡¡the¡¡first¡¡of¡¡the¡¡month£»¡¡the¡¡time¡¡he¡¡invariably¡¡struck¡¡a¡¡balance¡¡with¡¡the¡¡city¡£¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Stener£»¡¡the¡¡ex¡city¡¡treasurer£»¡¡may¡¡possibly¡¡testify¡¡one¡¡way¡£¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Cowperwood£»¡¡on¡¡his¡¡own¡¡behalf£»¡¡will¡¡testify¡¡another¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡will¡¡then¡¡be¡¡for¡¡you¡¡gentlemen¡¡to¡¡decide¡¡between¡¡them£»¡¡to¡¡decide¡¡which¡¡one¡¡you¡¡prefer¡¡to¡¡believeMr¡£¡¡George¡¡W¡£¡¡Stener£»¡¡the¡¡ex¡city¡¡treasurer£»¡¡the¡¡former¡¡commercial¡¡associate¡¡of¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Cowperwood£»¡¡who£»¡¡after¡¡years¡¡and¡¡years¡¡of¡¡profit£»¡¡solely¡¡because¡¡of¡¡conditions¡¡of¡¡financial¡¡stress£»¡¡fire£»¡¡and¡¡panic£»¡¡preferred¡¡to¡¡turn¡¡on¡¡his¡¡one¡time¡¡associate¡¡from¡¡whose¡¡labors¡¡he¡¡had¡¡reaped¡¡so¡¡much¡¡profit£»¡¡or¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Frank¡¡A¡£¡¡Cowperwood£»¡¡the¡¡well¡known¡¡banker¡¡and¡¡financier£»¡¡who¡¡did¡¡his¡¡best¡¡to¡¡weather¡¡the¡¡storm¡¡alone£»¡¡who¡¡fulfilled¡¡to¡¡the¡¡letter¡¡every¡¡agreement¡¡he¡¡ever¡¡had¡¡with¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡who¡¡has¡¡even¡¡until¡¡this¡¡hour¡¡been¡¡busy¡¡trying¡¡to¡¡remedy¡¡the¡¡unfair¡¡financial¡¡difficulties¡¡forced¡¡upon¡¡him¡¡by¡¡fire¡¡and¡¡panic£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡only¡¡yesterday¡¡made¡¡an¡¡offer¡¡to¡¡the¡¡city¡¡that£»¡¡if¡¡he¡¡were¡¡allowed¡¡to¡¡continue¡¡in¡¡uninterrupted¡¡control¡¡of¡¡his¡¡affairs¡¡he¡¡would¡¡gladly¡¡repay¡¡as¡¡quickly¡¡as¡¡possible¡¡every¡¡dollar¡¡of¡¡his¡¡indebtedness¡¡£¨which¡¡is¡¡really¡¡not¡¡all¡¡his£©£»¡¡including¡¡the¡¡five¡¡hundred¡¡thousand¡¡dollars¡¡under¡¡discussion¡¡between¡¡him¡¡and¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Stener¡¡and¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡prove¡¡by¡¡his¡¡works£»¡¡not¡¡talk£»¡¡that¡¡there¡¡was¡¡no¡¡basis¡¡for¡¡this¡¡unfair¡¡suspicion¡¡of¡¡his¡¡motives¡£¡¡¡¡As¡¡you¡¡perhaps¡¡surmise£»¡¡the¡¡city¡¡has¡¡not¡¡chosen¡¡to¡¡accept¡¡his¡¡offer£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡shall¡¡try¡¡and¡¡tell¡¡you¡¡why¡¡later£»¡¡gentlemen¡£¡¡¡¡For¡¡the¡¡present¡¡we¡¡will¡¡proceed¡¡with¡¡the¡¡testimony£»¡¡and¡¡for¡¡the¡¡defense¡¡all¡¡I¡¡ask¡¡is¡¡that¡¡you¡¡give¡¡very¡¡close¡¡attention¡¡to¡¡all¡¡that¡¡is¡¡testified¡¡to¡¡here¡¡to¡day¡£¡¡¡¡Listen¡¡very¡¡carefully¡¡to¡¡Mr¡£¡¡W¡£¡¡C¡£¡¡Davison¡¡when¡¡he¡¡is¡¡put¡¡on¡¡the¡¡stand¡£¡¡Listen¡¡equally¡¡carefully¡¡to¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Cowperwood¡¡when¡¡we¡¡call¡¡him¡¡to¡¡testify¡£¡¡¡¡Follow¡¡the¡¡other¡¡testimony¡¡closely£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡you¡¡will¡¡be¡¡able¡¡to¡¡judge¡¡for¡¡yourselves¡£¡¡¡¡See¡¡if¡¡you¡¡can¡¡distinguish¡¡a¡¡just¡¡motive¡¡for¡¡this¡¡prosecution¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡can't¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡am¡¡very¡¡much¡¡obliged¡¡to¡¡you¡¡for¡¡listening¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡gentlemen£»¡¡so¡¡attentively¡£¡¨
He¡¡then¡¡put¡¡on¡¡Arthur¡¡Rivers£»¡¡who¡¡had¡¡acted¡¡for¡¡Cowperwood¡¡on¡¡'change¡¡as¡¡special¡¡agent¡¡during¡¡the¡¡panic£»¡¡to¡¡testify¡¡to¡¡the¡¡large¡¡quantities¡¡of¡¡city¡¡loan¡¡he¡¡had¡¡purchased¡¡to¡¡stay¡¡the¡¡market£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡after¡¡him£»¡¡Cowperwood's¡¡brothers£»¡¡Edward¡¡and¡¡Joseph£»¡¡who¡¡testified¡¡to¡¡instructions¡¡received¡¡from¡¡Rivers¡¡as¡¡to¡¡buying¡¡and¡¡selling¡¡city¡¡loan¡¡on¡¡that¡¡occasionprincipally¡¡buying¡£
The¡¡next¡¡witness¡¡was¡¡President¡¡W¡£¡¡C¡£¡¡Davison¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Girard¡¡National¡¡Bank¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡was¡¡a¡¡large¡¡man¡¡physically£»¡¡not¡¡so¡¡round¡¡of¡¡body¡¡as¡¡full¡¡and¡¡broad¡£¡¡¡¡His¡¡shoulders¡¡and¡¡chest¡¡were¡¡ample¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡had¡¡a¡¡big¡¡blond¡¡head£»¡¡with¡¡an¡¡ample¡¡breadth¡¡of¡¡forehead£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡high¡¡and¡¡sane¡looking¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡had¡¡a¡¡thick£»¡¡squat¡¡nose£»¡¡which£»¡¡however£»¡¡was¡¡forceful£»¡¡and¡¡thin£»¡¡firm£»¡¡even¡¡lips¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡was¡¡the¡¡faintest¡¡touch¡¡of¡¡cynical¡¡humor¡¡in¡¡his¡¡hard¡¡blue¡¡eyes¡¡at¡¡times£»¡¡but¡¡mostly¡¡he¡¡was¡¡friendly£»¡¡alert£»¡¡placid¡looking£»¡¡without¡¡seeming¡¡in¡¡the¡¡least¡¡sentimental¡¡or¡¡even¡¡kindly¡£¡¡¡¡His¡¡business£»¡¡as¡¡one¡¡could¡¡see¡¡plainly£»¡¡was¡¡to¡¡insist¡¡on¡¡hard¡¡financial¡¡facts£»¡¡and¡¡one¡¡could¡¡see¡¡also¡¡how¡¡he¡¡would¡¡naturally¡¡be¡¡drawn¡¡to¡¡Frank¡¡Algernon¡¡Cowperwood¡¡without¡¡being¡¡mentally¡¡dominated¡¡or¡¡upset¡¡by¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡As¡¡he¡¡took¡¡the¡¡chair¡¡very¡¡quietly£»¡¡and¡¡yet¡¡one¡¡might¡¡say¡¡significantly£»¡¡it¡¡was¡¡obvious¡¡that¡¡he¡¡felt¡¡that¡¡this¡¡sort¡¡of¡¡legal¡financial¡¡palaver¡¡was¡¡above¡¡the¡¡average¡¡man¡¡and¡¡beneath¡¡the¡¡dignity¡¡of¡¡a¡¡true¡¡financier¡¡in¡¡other¡¡words£»¡¡a¡¡bother¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡drowsy¡¡Sparkheaver¡¡holding¡¡up¡¡a¡¡Bible¡¡beside¡¡him¡¡for¡¡him¡¡to¡¡swear¡¡by¡¡might¡¡as¡¡well¡¡have¡¡been¡¡a¡¡block¡¡of¡¡wood¡£¡¡¡¡His¡¡oath¡¡was¡¡a¡¡personal¡¡matter¡¡with¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡good¡¡business¡¡to¡¡tell¡¡the¡¡truth¡¡at¡¡times¡£¡¡¡¡His¡¡testimony¡¡was¡¡very¡¡direct¡¡and¡¡very¡¡simple¡£
He¡¡had¡¡known¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Frank¡¡Algernon¡¡Cowperwood¡¡for¡¡nearly¡¡ten¡¡years¡£¡¡He¡¡had¡¡done¡¡business¡¡with¡¡or¡¡through¡¡him¡¡nearly¡¡all¡¡of¡¡that¡¡time¡£¡¡He¡¡knew¡¡nothing¡¡of¡¡his¡¡personal¡¡relations¡¡with¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Stener£»¡¡and¡¡did¡¡not¡¡know¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Stener¡¡personally¡£¡¡¡¡As¡¡for¡¡the¡¡particular¡¡check¡¡of¡¡sixty¡¡thousand¡¡dollarsyes£»¡¡he¡¡had¡¡seen¡¡it¡¡before¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡had¡¡come¡¡into¡¡the¡¡bank¡¡on¡¡October¡¡10th¡¡along¡¡with¡¡other¡¡collateral¡¡to¡¡offset¡¡an¡¡overdraft¡¡on¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡Cowperwood¡¡&¡¡Co¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡placed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡credit¡¡of¡¡Cowperwood¡¡&¡¡Co¡£¡¡on¡¡the¡¡books¡¡of¡¡the¡¡bank£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡bank¡¡secured¡¡the¡¡cash¡¡through¡¡the¡¡clearing¡house¡£¡¡¡¡No¡¡money¡¡was¡¡drawn¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡bank¡¡by¡¡Cowperwood¡¡&¡¡Co¡£¡¡after¡¡that¡¡to¡¡create¡¡an¡¡overdraft¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡bank's¡¡account¡¡with¡¡Cowperwood¡¡was¡¡squared¡£
Nevertheless£»¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Cowperwood¡¡might¡¡have¡¡drawn¡¡heavily£»¡¡and¡¡nothing¡¡would¡¡have¡¡been¡¡thought¡¡of¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Davison¡¡did¡¡not¡¡know¡¡that¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Cowperwood¡¡was¡¡going¡¡to¡¡faildid¡¡not¡¡suppose¡¡that¡¡he¡¡could£»¡¡so¡¡quickly¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡had¡¡frequently¡¡overdrawn¡¡his¡¡account¡¡with¡¡the¡¡bank£»¡¡as¡¡a¡¡matter¡¡of¡¡fact£»¡¡it¡¡was¡¡the¡¡regular¡¡course¡¡of¡¡his¡¡business¡¡to¡¡overdraw¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡kept¡¡his¡¡assets¡¡actively¡¡in¡¡use£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡the¡¡height¡¡of¡¡good¡¡business¡£¡¡¡¡His¡¡overdrafts¡¡were¡¡protected¡¡by¡¡collateral£»¡¡however£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡was¡¡his¡¡custom¡¡to¡¡send¡¡bundles¡¡of¡¡collateral¡¡or¡¡checks£»¡¡or¡¡both£»¡¡which¡¡were¡¡variously¡¡distributed¡¡to¡¡keep¡¡things¡¡straight¡£¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Cowperwood's¡¡account¡¡was¡¡the¡¡largest¡¡and¡¡most¡¡active¡¡in¡¡the¡¡bank£»¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Davison¡¡kindly¡¡volunteered¡£¡¡¡¡When¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Cowperwood¡¡had¡¡failed¡¡there¡¡had¡¡been¡¡over¡¡ninety¡¡thousand¡¡dollars'¡¡worth¡¡of¡¡certificates¡¡of¡¡city¡¡loan¡¡in¡¡the¡¡bank's¡¡possession¡¡which¡¡Mr¡¡Cowperwood¡¡had¡¡sent¡¡there¡¡as¡¡collateral¡£¡¡¡¡Shannon£»¡¡on¡¡cross¡examination£»¡¡tried¡¡to¡¡find¡¡out¡¡for¡¡the¡¡sake¡¡of¡¡the¡¡effect¡¡on¡¡the¡¡jury£»¡¡whether¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Davison¡¡was¡¡not¡¡for¡¡some¡¡ulterior¡¡motive¡¡especially¡¡favorable¡¡to¡¡Cowperwood¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡not¡¡possible¡¡for¡¡him¡¡to¡¡do¡¡that¡£¡¡¡¡Steger¡¡followed£»¡¡and¡¡did¡¡his¡¡best¡¡to¡¡render¡¡the¡¡favorable¡¡points¡¡made¡¡by¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Davison¡¡in¡¡Cowperwood's¡¡behalf¡¡perfectly¡¡clear¡¡to¡¡the¡¡jury¡¡by¡¡having¡¡him¡¡repeat¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡Shannon¡¡objected£»¡¡of¡¡course£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡was¡¡of¡¡no¡¡use¡£¡¡¡¡Steger¡¡managed¡¡to¡¡make¡¡his¡¡point¡£
He¡¡now¡¡decided¡¡to¡¡have¡¡Cowperwood¡¡take¡¡the¡¡stand£»¡¡and¡¡at¡¡the¡¡mention¡¡of¡¡his¡¡name¡¡in¡¡this¡¡connection¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡courtroom¡¡bristled¡£
Cowperwood¡¡came¡¡forward¡¡briskly¡¡and¡¡quickly¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡was¡¡so¡¡calm£»¡¡so¡¡jaunty£»¡¡so¡¡defiant¡¡of¡¡life£»¡¡and¡¡yet¡¡so¡¡courteous¡¡to¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡These¡¡lawyers£»¡¡this¡¡jury£»¡¡this¡¡straw¡and¡water¡¡judge£»¡¡these¡¡machinations¡¡of¡¡fate£»¡¡did¡¡not¡¡basically¡¡disturb¡¡or¡¡humble¡¡or¡¡weaken¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡saw¡¡through¡¡the¡¡mental¡¡equipment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡jury¡¡at¡¡once¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡wanted¡¡to¡¡assist¡¡his¡¡counsel¡¡in¡¡disturbing¡¡and¡¡confusing¡¡Shannon£»¡¡but¡¡his¡¡reason¡¡told¡¡him¡¡that¡¡only¡¡an¡¡indestructible¡¡fabric¡¡of¡¡fact¡¡or¡¡seeming¡¡would¡¡do¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡believed¡¡in¡¡th