Ì«×ÓүС˵Íø > Ó¢Óïµç×ÓÊé > the american republic >

µÚ24½Ú

the american republic-µÚ24½Ú

С˵£º the american republic ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡



t¡¡of¡¡Rome¡¡introduced¡¡¡¡into¡¡the¡¡nations¡¡founded¡¡on¡¡the¡¡site¡¡of¡¡the¡¡empire£»¡¡a¡¡double¡¡¡¡constitutionthe¡¡barbaric¡¡and¡¡the¡¡civilthe¡¡Germanic¡¡and¡¡the¡¡¡¡Roman¡¡in¡¡the¡¡West£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Tartaric¡¡or¡¡Turkish¡¡and¡¡the¡¡¡¡Graeco¡­Roman¡¡in¡¡the¡¡East¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡key¡¡to¡¡all¡¡modern¡¡history¡¡is¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡mutual¡¡struggles¡¡of¡¡these¡¡two¡¡constitutions¡¡and¡¡the¡¡interests¡¡¡¡respectively¡¡associated¡¡with¡¡them£»¡¡which¡¡created¡¡two¡¡societies¡¡on¡¡¡¡the¡¡same¡¡territory£»¡¡and£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡most¡¡part£»¡¡under¡¡the¡¡same¡¡¡¡national¡¡denomination¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡barbaric¡¡was¡¡the¡¡constitution¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡conquerors£»¡¡they¡¡had¡¡the¡¡power£»¡¡the¡¡government£»¡¡rank£»¡¡wealth£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡fashion£»¡¡were¡¡reinforced¡¡down¡¡to¡¡the¡¡tenth¡¡century¡¡by¡¡fresh¡¡¡¡hordes¡¡of¡¡barbarians£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡even¡¡brought¡¡the¡¡external¡¡¡¡ecclesiastical¡¡society¡¡to¡¡a¡¡very¡¡great¡¡extent¡¡into¡¡harmony¡¡with¡¡¡¡itself¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Pope¡¡became¡¡a¡¡¡¡154¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡feudal¡¡sovereign£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡bishops¡¡and¡¡¡¡mitred¡¡abbots¡¡feudal¡¡princes¡¡and¡¡barons¡£¡¡¡¡Yet£»¡¡after¡¡eight¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡years¡¡of¡¡fierce¡¡struggle£»¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡constitution¡¡got¡¡the¡¡¡¡upper¡¡hand£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡barbaric¡¡constitution£»¡¡as¡¡far¡¡as¡¡it¡¡could¡¡not¡¡¡¡be¡¡assimilated¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Roman£»¡¡was¡¡eliminated¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡original¡¡Empire¡¡¡¡of¡¡the¡¡West¡¡is¡¡now¡¡as¡¡thoroughly¡¡Roman¡¡in¡¡its¡¡constitution£»¡¡its¡¡¡¡laws£»¡¡and¡¡its¡¡civilization£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡ever¡¡was¡¡under¡¡any¡¡of¡¡its¡¡¡¡Christian¡¡emperors¡¡before¡¡the¡¡barbarian¡¡conquest¡£

The¡¡same¡¡process¡¡is¡¡going¡¡on¡¡in¡¡the¡¡East£»¡¡though¡¡it¡¡has¡¡not¡¡¡¡advanced¡¡so¡¡far£»¡¡having¡¡begun¡¡there¡¡several¡¡centuries¡¡later£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡the¡¡Graeco¡­Roman¡¡constitution¡¡was¡¡far¡¡feebler¡¡there¡¡than¡¡in¡¡the¡¡¡¡West¡¡at¡¡the¡¡epoch¡¡of¡¡the¡¡conquest¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Germanic¡¡tribes¡¡that¡¡¡¡conquered¡¡the¡¡West¡¡had¡¡long¡¡had¡¡close¡¡relations¡¡with¡¡the¡¡empire£»¡¡¡¡had¡¡served¡¡as¡¡its¡¡allies£»¡¡and¡¡even¡¡in¡¡its¡¡armies£»¡¡and¡¡were¡¡¡¡partially¡¡Romanized¡£¡¡¡¡Most¡¡of¡¡their¡¡chiefs¡¡had¡¡received¡¡a¡¡Roman¡¡¡¡culture£»¡¡and¡¡their¡¡early¡¡conversion¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Christian¡¡faith¡¡¡¡facilitated¡¡the¡¡revival¡¡and¡¡permanence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡Roman¡¡¡¡constitution¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡East¡¡it¡¡was¡¡different¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡conquerors¡¡had¡¡¡¡no¡¡touch¡¡of¡¡Roman¡¡civilization£»¡¡and£»¡¡followers¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Prophet£»¡¡¡¡they¡¡were¡¡animated¡¡with¡¡an¡¡intense¡¡hatred£»¡¡which£»¡¡after¡¡the¡¡¡¡conquest£»¡¡was¡¡changed¡¡into¡¡a¡¡superb¡¡contempt£»¡¡155¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡Christians¡¡and¡¡¡¡Romans¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡had¡¡their¡¡civil¡¡constitution¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Koran£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡¡¡Koran£»¡¡in¡¡its¡¡principles£»¡¡doctrines£»¡¡and¡¡spirit£»¡¡is¡¡exclusive¡¡and¡¡¡¡profoundly¡¡intolerant¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Graeco¡­Roman¡¡constitution¡¡was¡¡always¡¡¡¡much¡¡weaker¡¡in¡¡the¡¡East£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡far¡¡greater¡¡obstacles¡¡to¡¡¡¡overcome¡¡there¡¡than¡¡in¡¡the¡¡West£»¡¡yet¡¡it¡¡has¡¡survived¡¡the¡¡shock¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡conquest¡£¡¡¡¡Throughout¡¡the¡¡limits¡¡of¡¡the¡¡ancient¡¡Empire¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡East£»¡¡the¡¡barbaric¡¡constitution¡¡has¡¡received¡¡and¡¡is¡¡daily¡¡¡¡receiving¡¡rude¡¡blows£»¡¡and£»¡¡but¡¡as¡¡reenforced¡¡by¡¡barbarians¡¡lying¡¡¡¡outside¡¡of¡¡the¡¡boundaries¡¡of¡¡that¡¡empire£»¡¡would¡¡be¡¡no¡¡longer¡¡able¡¡¡¡to¡¡sustain¡¡itself¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Greek¡¡or¡¡Christian¡¡populations¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡empire¡¡are¡¡no¡¡longer¡¡in¡¡danger¡¡of¡¡being¡¡exterminated¡¡or¡¡absorbed¡¡¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Mohammedan¡¡state¡¡or¡¡population¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡are¡¡the¡¡only¡¡living¡¡¡¡and¡¡progressive¡¡people¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Ottoman¡¡Empire£»¡¡and¡¡their¡¡complete¡¡¡¡success¡¡in¡¡absorbing¡¡or¡¡expelling¡¡the¡¡Turk¡¡is¡¡only¡¡a¡¡question¡¡of¡¡¡¡time¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡will£»¡¡in¡¡all¡¡present¡¡probability£»¡¡reestablish¡¡a¡¡¡¡Christian¡¡and¡¡Roman¡¡East¡¡in¡¡much¡¡less¡¡time¡¡from¡¡the¡¡fall¡¡of¡¡¡¡Constantinople¡¡in¡¡1453£»¡¡than¡¡it¡¡took¡¡the¡¡West¡¡from¡¡the¡¡fall¡¡of¡¡¡¡Rome¡¡in¡¡476¡¡to¡¡put¡¡an¡¡end¡¡to¡¡the¡¡feudal¡¡or¡¡barbaric¡¡constitution¡¡¡¡founded¡¡by¡¡its¡¡Germanic¡¡invaders¡£

Indeed£»¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡constitution£»¡¡laws£»¡¡and¡¡156¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡civilization¡¡not¡¡only¡¡¡¡gain¡¡the¡¡mastery¡¡in¡¡the¡¡nations¡¡seated¡¡within¡¡the¡¡limits¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡old¡¡Roman¡¡Empire£»¡¡but¡¡extend¡¡their¡¡power¡¡through¡¡out¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡¡¡civilized¡¡world¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Graeco¡­Roman¡¡civilization¡¡is£»¡¡in¡¡fact£»¡¡the¡¡¡¡only¡¡civilization¡¡now¡¡recognized£»¡¡and¡¡nations¡¡are¡¡accounted¡¡¡¡civilized¡¡only¡¡in¡¡proportion¡¡as¡¡they¡¡are¡¡Romanized¡¡and¡¡¡¡Christianized¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Roman¡¡law£»¡¡as¡¡found¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Institutes£»¡¡¡¡Pandects£»¡¡and¡¡Novellae¡¡of¡¡Justinian£»¡¡or¡¡the¡¡Corpus¡¡Legis¡¡Civilis£»¡¡¡¡is¡¡the¡¡basis¡¡of¡¡the¡¡law¡¡and¡¡jurisprudence¡¡of¡¡all¡¡Christendom¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡Graeco¡­Roman¡¡civilization£»¡¡called¡¡not¡¡improperly¡¡Christian¡¡¡¡civilization£»¡¡is¡¡the¡¡only¡¡progressive¡¡civilization¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡old¡¡¡¡feudal¡¡system¡¡remains¡¡in¡¡England¡¡little¡¡more¡¡than¡¡an¡¡empty¡¡name¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡king¡¡is¡¡only¡¡the¡¡first¡¡magistrate¡¡of¡¡the¡¡kingdom£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡¡¡House¡¡of¡¡Lords¡¡is¡¡only¡¡an¡¡hereditary¡¡senate¡£¡¡¡¡Austria¡¡is¡¡hard¡¡at¡¡¡¡work¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡direction£»¡¡and¡¡finds¡¡her¡¡chief¡¡obstacle¡¡to¡¡¡¡success¡¡in¡¡Hungary£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Magyars¡¡whose¡¡feudalism¡¡retains¡¡¡¡almost¡¡the¡¡full¡¡vigor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Middle¡¡Ages¡£¡¡¡¡Russia¡¡is¡¡moving¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡same¡¡direction£»¡¡and¡¡Prussia¡¡and¡¡the¡¡smaller¡¡Germanic¡¡states¡¡¡¡obey¡¡the¡¡same¡¡impulse¡£¡¡¡¡Indeed£»¡¡Rome¡¡has¡¡survived¡¡the¡¡¡¡conquesthas¡¡conquered¡¡her¡¡conquerors£»¡¡and¡¡now¡¡invades¡¡every¡¡¡¡region¡¡from¡¡which¡¡they¡¡came¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Roman¡¡Empire¡¡may¡¡be¡¡said¡¡to¡¡be¡¡¡¡acknowledged¡¡157¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡obeyed¡¡in¡¡lands¡¡lying¡¡far¡¡beyond¡¡the¡¡farthest¡¡¡¡limits¡¡reached¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡eagles£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡be¡¡more¡¡truly¡¡the¡¡¡¡mistress¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡¡than¡¡under¡¡Augustus£»¡¡Trajan£»¡¡or¡¡the¡¡¡¡Antonines¡£¡¡¡¡Nothing¡¡can¡¡stand¡¡before¡¡the¡¡Christian¡¡and¡¡Romanized¡¡¡¡nations£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡pagandom¡¡and¡¡Mohammedom¡¡combined¡¡are¡¡too¡¡weak¡¡to¡¡¡¡resist¡¡their¡¡onward¡¡march¡£

All¡¡modern¡¡European¡¡revolutions¡¡result¡¡only¡¡in¡¡reviving¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡¡¡Empire£»¡¡whatever¡¡the¡¡motives£»¡¡interests£»¡¡passions£»¡¡or¡¡theories¡¡¡¡that¡¡initiate¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡French¡¡Revolution¡¡of¡¡the¡¡last¡¡century¡¡¡¡and¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡present¡¡prove¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡France£»¡¡let¡¡people¡¡say¡¡what¡¡¡¡they¡¡will£»¡¡stands¡¡at¡¡the¡¡head¡¡of¡¡the¡¡European¡¡civilized¡¡world£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡displays¡¡en¡¡grand¡¡all¡¡its¡¡good¡¡and¡¡all¡¡its¡¡bad¡¡tendencies¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡she¡¡moves£»¡¡Europe¡¡moves£»¡¡when¡¡she¡¡has¡¡a¡¡vertigo£»¡¡all¡¡¡¡European¡¡nations¡¡are¡¡dizzy£»¡¡when¡¡she¡¡recovers¡¡her¡¡health£»¡¡her¡¡¡¡equilibrium£»¡¡and¡¡good¡¡sense£»¡¡others¡¡become¡¡sedate£»¡¡steady£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡reasonable¡£¡¡¡¡She¡¡is¡¡the¡¡head£»¡¡nay£»¡¡rather£»¡¡the¡¡heart¡¡of¡¡¡¡Christendomthe¡¡head¡¡is¡¡at¡¡Romethrough¡¡which¡¡circulates¡¡the¡¡¡¡pure¡¡and¡¡impure¡¡blood¡¡of¡¡the¡¡nations¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡in¡¡vain¡¡Great¡¡¡¡Britain£»¡¡Germany£»¡¡or¡¡Russia¡¡disputes¡¡with¡¡her¡¡the¡¡hegemony¡¡of¡¡¡¡European¡¡civilization¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡are¡¡forced¡¡to¡¡yield¡¡to¡¡her¡¡at¡¡last£»¡¡¡¡to¡¡be¡¡content¡¡to¡¡revolve¡¡around¡¡her¡¡as¡¡158¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡centre¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡political¡¡system¡¡that¡¡masters¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡reason¡¡is£»¡¡France¡¡is¡¡¡¡more¡¡completely¡¡and¡¡sincerely¡¡Roman¡¡than¡¡any¡¡other¡¡nation¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡revolutions¡¡that¡¡have¡¡shaken¡¡the¡¡world¡¡have¡¡resulted¡¡in¡¡¡¡eliminating¡¡the¡¡barbaric¡¡elements¡¡she¡¡had¡¡retained£»¡¡and¡¡clearing¡¡¡¡away¡¡all¡¡obstacles¡¡to¡¡the¡¡complete¡¡triumph¡¡of¡¡Imperial¡¡Rome¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Napoleon¡¡III¡£¡¡is¡¡for¡¡France¡¡what¡¡Augustus¡¡was¡¡for¡¡Rome¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡revolutions¡¡in¡¡Spain¡¡and¡¡Italy¡¡have¡¡only¡¡swept¡¡away¡¡the¡¡relics¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡barbaric¡¡constitution£»¡¡and¡¡aided¡¡the¡¡revival¡¡of¡¡Roman¡¡¡¡imperialism¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡no¡¡country¡¡do¡¡the¡¡revolutionists¡¡succeed¡¡in¡¡¡¡establishing¡¡their¡¡own¡¡theories£»¡¡Caesar¡¡remains¡¡master¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡field¡£¡¡¡¡Even¡¡in¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States£»¡¡a¡¡revolution¡¡undertaken¡¡in¡¡¡¡favor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡barbaric¡¡system¡¡has¡¡resulted¡¡in¡¡the¡¡destruction¡¡of¡¡¡¡what¡¡remained¡¡of¡¡that¡¡systemin¡¡sweeping¡¡away¡¡the¡¡last¡¡relics¡¡of¡¡¡¡disintegrating¡¡feudalism£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡the¡¡complete¡¡establishment¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡Graeco¡­Roman¡¡system£»¡¡with¡¡important¡¡improvements£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡New¡¡¡¡World¡£

The¡¡Roman¡¡system¡¡is¡¡republican£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡broad¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡the¡¡term£»¡¡¡¡because¡¡under¡¡it¡¡power¡¡is¡¡never¡¡an¡¡estate£»¡¡never¡¡the¡¡private¡¡¡¡for¡¡the¡¡public¡¡good¡£¡¡¡¡As¡¡it¡¡existed¡¡under¡¡the¡¡Caesars£»¡¡and¡¡is¡¡¡¡revived¡¡in¡¡modern¡¡times£»¡¡whether¡¡under¡¡the¡¡159¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡imperial¡¡or¡¡the¡¡¡¡democratic¡¡form£»¡¡it£»¡¡no¡¡doubt£»¡¡tends¡¡to¡¡centralism£»¡¡to¡¡the¡¡¡¡concentration¡¡of¡¡all¡¡the¡¡powers¡¡and¡¡forces¡¡of¡¡the¡¡state¡¡in¡¡one¡¡¡¡central¡¡government£»¡¡from¡¡which¡¡all¡¡local¡¡authorities¡¡and¡¡¡¡institutions¡¡emanate¡£¡¡¡¡Wise¡¡men¡¡oppose¡¡it¡¡as¡¡affording¡¡no¡¡¡¡guaranties¡¡to¡¡individual¡¡liberty¡¡against¡¡the¡¡abuses¡¡of¡¡power¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡it¡¡may¡¡not¡¡do£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡remedy¡¡is¡¡not¡¡in¡¡feudalism¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡feudal¡¡lord¡¡holds¡¡his¡¡authority¡¡as¡¡an¡¡estate£»¡¡and¡¡has¡¡over¡¡the¡¡¡¡people¡¡under¡¡him¡¡all¡¡the¡¡power¡¡of¡¡Caesar¡¡and¡¡all¡¡the¡¡rights¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡proprietor¡£¡¡¡¡He£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡has¡¡a¡¡guaranty¡¡against¡¡his¡¡¡¡liege¡­lord£»¡¡sometimes¡¡a¡¡more¡¡effective¡¡guaranty¡¡than¡¡his¡¡¡¡liege¡­lord¡¡has¡¡against¡¡him£»¡¡but¡¡against¡¡his¡¡centralized¡¡power¡¡his¡¡¡¡vassals¡¡and¡¡serfs¡¡have¡¡only¡¡the¡¡guaranty¡¡that¡¡a¡¡slave¡¡has¡¡against¡¡¡¡his¡¡owner¡£

Feudalism¡¡is¡¡alike¡¡hostile¡¡to¡¡the¡¡freedom¡¡of¡¡public¡¡authority¡¡and¡¡¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡essentially¡¡a¡¡disintegrating¡¡element¡¡in¡¡the¡¡¡¡nation¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡breaks¡¡the¡¡unity¡¡and¡¡individuality¡¡of¡¡the¡¡state£»¡¡¡¡embarrasses¡¡the¡¡sovereign£»¡¡and¡¡guards¡¡against¡¡the¡¡abuse¡¡of¡¡public¡¡¡¡authority¡¡by¡¡overpowering¡¡and¡¡suppressing¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡Every¡¡feudal¡¡lord¡¡¡¡is¡¡a¡¡more¡¡thorough¡¡despot¡¡in¡¡his¡¡own¡¡domain¡¡than¡¡Caesar¡¡ever¡¡was¡¡¡¡or¡¡could¡¡be¡¡in¡¡the¡¡empire£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡monarch£»¡¡even¡¡if¡¡strong¡¡enough£»¡¡¡¡is¡¡yet¡¡not¡¡competent¡¡to¡¡intervene¡¡between¡¡him¡¡and¡¡his¡¡¡¡160¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡people£»¡¡any¡¡¡¡more¡¡than¡¡the¡¡General¡¡government¡¡in¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡¡was¡¡to¡¡¡¡intervene¡¡between¡¡the¡¡negro¡¡slave¡¡and¡¡his¡¡master¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡great¡¡¡¡vassals¡¡of¡¡the¡¡crown¡¡singly£»¡¡or£»¡¡if¡¡not¡¡singly£»¡¡in¡¡¡¡combinationand¡¡they¡¡could¡¡always¡¡combine¡¡in¡¡the¡¡interest¡¡of¡¡¡¡their¡¡orderwere¡¡too¡¡strong¡¡for¡¡the¡¡king£»¡¡or¡¡to¡¡be¡¡brought¡¡under¡¡¡¡any¡¡public¡¡authority£»¡¡and¡¡could¡¡issue¡¡from¡¡their¡¡fortified¡¡¡¡castles¡¡and¡¡rob¡¡and¡¡plunder¡¡to¡¡their¡¡hearts'¡¡content£»¡¡with¡¡none¡¡¡¡to¡¡call¡¡them¡¡to¡¡an¡¡account¡£¡¡¡¡Under¡¡the¡¡most¡¡thoroughly¡¡¡¡centralized¡¡government¡¡there¡¡is¡¡far¡¡more¡¡liberty¡¡for¡¡the¡¡people£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡a¡¡far¡¡greater¡¡security¡¡for¡¡person¡¡and¡¡property£»¡¡except¡¡in¡¡the¡¡¡¡

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ