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pages     who    delivered     them    to  the   Judges    in  alphabetical     order。   Three 

Judges察  forming   a   committee察  decided   every   case   that   came   into   their 

hands on the same day。 There was no delay in Justice察and察if any Judge 

misbehaved察  the   voters   in   his   district   could   remove   him  under   the   same 

law that applied to the President。 

     The law of recall applied to all officers of the Government elected by 

the people。 The salary of the Supreme Court Judges was fixed by law at 

ten dollars per day and that of a Chief Justice of a district at five dollars 

per day。 That of the Prosecuting Attorney and Attorney for the Defense at 

four dollars per day察and that of Justice and Jurors at three dollars per day 

the year 'round。 

     No costs were charged to either complainant or defendant in any case察

either civil or criminal察but if a person brought complaint without just and 

sufficient   cause察  the   law   provided   that   they   should   be   examined   by   the 



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Court察and if found sane察they should be imprisoned for one year at hard 

labor察  and   if   insane察  to   be   sent   immediately   to   the   Lunatic   Asylum。   In 

every case the complainant was first warned by the Court of what would 

happen if the charge proved to be unfounded。 

     I   made   inquiries   among   the   people   and   was   told   that   the   law   was   a 

great promoter of peace and good will。 



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                               CHAPTER II 



                           DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE。 



     During   the   following   week   I   called   on   the   Minister   of   Justice   and 

informed her of my desire to learn the workings of her Department。 She 

handed me a copy of the Penal Code察and I was astonished to find how 

simple the course of procedure was compared with that of my own country。 

Felonies ranked in the following order此Murder察Rape察Incest and crimes 

against     nature察  Arson察    Robbery察    Assault    to   Murder察   Manslaughter察

Mayhem察      Bribery察  Larceny     and   Perjury。  The    law   held  one   degree    of 

murder and that was with malice aforethought察but where a person killed a 

human      being   wantonly察    without    cause   or   malice察  the   homicide     was 

committed   to   the   Lunatic   Asylum察  and察  after   one   year's   imprisonment察

deprived   of   the   sexual   organs察  and   if   his   or   her   conduct   endangered   the 

peace or safety of the community察were to be chloroformed。 

     The   penalty   for   murder   was   imprisonment   for   life察  subject   to   parole 

after ten years。 Rape fiends were sentenced to twenty´five years察and after 

one year's imprisonment to be desexualizcd and subject to parole after five 

years。 

     Persons found guilty of Incest and crimes against nature received the 

same punishment as Rape fiends and subject to parole after five years。 The 

penalty for Arson was twenty years察subject to parole after four years。 For 

Robbery   fifteen   years   and   subject   to   parole   after   three   years。   The   same 

penalty   for   Assault   to   Murder   and   subject   to   parole   after   three   years。 

Manslaughter察Mayhem and Bribery were punished by imprisonment for 

ten years and subject to parole after two years。 Larceny and Perjury were 

punished by five years' imprisonment察and subject to parole after one year。 

Public officials who embezzled public funds were committed for Perjury 

as well as Larceny察and were debarred from ever holding office。 The law 

provided that in the course of the trial of any person charged with Felony察

if the evidence showed they had committed a felony察other than the one for 

which they were being tried察then the Court could sentence them for the 

crime that the evidence showed they had committed察even if there was not 



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sufficient   evidence   to   convict   them   of   the   crime   with   which   they   were 

charged。 

     Any person found guilty was remanded to the custody of the Governor 

of the district to await the decision of the Supreme Court。 If they appealed察

and   the   appeal   was   not   confirmed察  they   were   sent   to   the   nearest   State 

Prison察of which there are at the present time twenty´five。 

     No fines were imposed for any crime and no confiscation of property 

for any cause。 

     A Magistrate was elected in every sub´district察according to population。 

One for every ten thousand inhabitants察at a salary of three dollars per day 

the   year   'round察  and   who   tried   all   persons   charged   with   Felony察  and   if 

proven guilty察committed them to the District Court´but a charge of Felony 

could be made before the District Court察and if probable cause was shown察

the case came up for trial。 The Magistrate was authorized by law to release 

any person charged with a misdemeanor on probation察or to sentence them 

from one month to twelve months' imprisonment at hard labor within the 

district察and the prisoners were paid for their work from five to twenty´five 

cents   per   day察  according   to   their   ability   and   skill察  and   the   money   they 

earned was sent to their wives and children察if they had any。 If they were 

single察   what    they   earned    was   paid   to  them    at  the  expiration     of  their 

sentence。 No handcuffs察balls or chains or Oregon Boots were permitted to 

be used察but if the person in custody was violent察a jacket with straps at the 

waist to secure the hands at the side was provided and no punishment was 

inflicted   for   violation   of   the   prison   rules´but   bread   and   water   for   three 

days at any one time。 If a prisoner committed sodomy or other infamous 

crime   against   nature察  while   in   custody察  he   was   castrated察  and   if   he   still 

persisted in   committing   crimes   against nature察he   was   chloroformed。  No 

trial by jury was permitted in cases of misdemeanor´but an appeal to the 

Governor was allowed by law and a copy of the evidence in the case was 

sent to him and he had to decide according to the law and evidence within 

thirty days and publish his reasons therefor in the District Newspaper。 By 

permission of the Minister of Justice I was granted authority to visit the 

State Prison察carrying with me a letter instructing every prison official to 

assist   me   and   to   furnish   me   all   the   information   within   their   power。   The 



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prison   was   located   in     the   center   of   a   Military   Preserve察  consisting   of 

ninety´two   thousand   one   hundred   and   sixty   acres察  all   in   a   high   state   of 

cultivation。 Railways traversed the reservation察but no trains but military 

ones were permitted to stop within its limits。 



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                                       EURASIA 



                             CHAPTER III。 



                          A VISIT TO A STATE PRISON。 



     The Minister of Justice placed an automobile at my service察and when 

I arrived at the boundary of the reservation察I was stopped by a   military 

officer。 I handed him my letter from the Minister of Justice察and察glancing 

over it察he replied察 You are welcome察─and察taking a seat by my side察we 

drove to the prison grounds察where I was introduced to the Superintendent察

and invited by him to be his guest during my stay。 I found the prisoners 

garrisoned in company quarters。 One hundred and thirty´five privates察nine 

corporals察three sergeants and one company clerk constituted a company察

with a captain in command of them holding the same rank and pay as a 

captain   in   the   army察  and   who   was   chosen   from   the   non´commissioned 

officers    in  the  army    for   distinguished    services。   The    prisoners   were 

classified   in   twelve   companies。   Four   companies   formed   the   first   grade察

consisting   of   Companies      A察  B察 C  and   D察  four  companies    formed    the 

second grade察consisting of Companies E察F察G and H察and four companies 

formed the third grade察consisting of Companies I 察K察L察and M。 The first 

grade received fifteen cents per day and the third grade five cents per day察

and no pay was forfeited for violation of prison rules and regulations察but 

prisoners received no pay during the time they were on bread and water。 

Corporals   received   fifty   p

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