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the¡¡business£»¡¡while¡¡as¡¡a¡¡worker¡¡I¡¡could¡¡only¡¡make¡¡the¡¡union¡¡wages¡¡that¡¡all¡¡the¡¡fellows¡¡were¡¡getting¡£¡¡This¡¡gave¡¡me¡¡an¡¡idea¡¡that¡¡has¡¡since¡¡become¡¡the¡¡dominating¡¡purpose¡¡of¡¡my¡¡life¡£¡¡Handicraft¡¡is¡¡the¡¡basis¡¡of¡¡the¡¡best¡¡schooling¡£¡¡By¡¡working¡¡with¡¡my¡¡hands¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡with¡¡my¡¡head¡¡I¡¡learned¡¡the¡¡actual¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡production¡¡of¡¡every¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡plate¡¡they¡¡put¡¡out¡£¡¡This¡¡was¡¡something¡¡that¡¡I¡¡could¡¡not¡¡have¡¡learned¡¡from¡¡books¡£¡¡Without¡¡such¡¡knowledge¡¡the¡¡business¡¡would¡¡have¡¡to¡¡be¡¡run¡¡partly¡¡on¡¡guesswork¡£¡¡With¡¡a¡¡thorough¡¡knowledge¡¡of¡¡the¡¡production¡¡end¡¡of¡¡the¡¡business¡¡I¡¡became¡¡a¡¡valuable¡¡man¡£¡¡The¡¡way¡¡was¡¡open¡¡for¡¡me¡¡to¡¡get¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡labor¡¡field¡¡and¡¡into¡¡the¡¡field¡¡of¡¡management¡£

But¡¡here¡¡is¡¡where¡¡my¡¡natural¡¡feeling¡¡of¡¡fraternity¡¡stepped¡¡in¡£¡¡I¡¡liked¡¡to¡¡be¡¡among¡¡the¡¡men¡£¡¡I¡¡felt¡¡at¡¡home¡¡there¡£¡¡I¡¡was¡¡only¡¡twenty¡­two£»¡¡and¡¡salesmanship¡¡was¡¡a¡¡field¡¡I¡¡had¡¡never¡¡tried£»¡¡except¡¡for¡¡a¡¡season¡¡when¡¡I¡¡sold¡¡Mark¡¡Twain's¡¡book£»¡¡Following¡¡the¡¡Equator¡£¡¡There¡¡were¡¡plenty¡¡of¡¡men¡¡who¡¡had¡¡the¡¡knack¡¡of¡¡selling¡£¡¡My¡¡natural¡¡gift£»¡¡if¡¡I¡¡had¡¡any£»¡¡was¡¡to¡¡smooth¡¡the¡¡path¡¡for¡¡working¡¡men¡¡and¡¡help¡¡them¡¡solve¡¡their¡¡problems¡£¡¡I¡¡had¡¡learned¡¡that¡¡labor¡¡was¡¡the¡¡first¡¡step¡¡on¡¡the¡¡road¡¡to¡¡knowledge¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡the¡¡foundation¡¡of¡¡all¡¡true¡¡knowledge¡£¡¡I¡¡wanted¡¡to¡¡help¡¡the¡¡fellows¡¡take¡¡the¡¡next¡¡step¡£¡¡That¡¡step¡¡would¡¡be¡¡to¡¡learn¡¡how¡¡labor¡¡can¡¡enrich¡¡itself¡¡and¡¡do¡¡away¡¡with¡¡strikes¡¡and¡¡unemployment¡£¡¡That¡¡is¡¡a¡¡question¡¡that¡¡still¡¡fascinates¡¡me¡£¡¡I¡¡did¡¡not¡¡care¡¡to¡¡dodge¡¡it¡¡and¡¡become¡¡a¡¡manufacturer¡£¡¡I¡¡am¡¡the¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡fellow¡¡who£»¡¡when¡¡he¡¡takes¡¡hold¡¡of¡¡a¡¡question£»¡¡never¡¡lets¡¡go¡£¡¡The¡¡picture¡¡of¡¡Comrade¡¡Bannerman¡¡shaking¡¡his¡¡fist¡¡at¡¡the¡¡trainload¡¡of¡¡¡¨plutes¡¨¡¡lingered¡¡with¡¡me¡£¡¡I¡¡still¡¡heard¡¡the¡¡voice¡¡of¡¡the¡¡knock¡­kneed¡¡reformer¡¡who¡¡envied¡¡my¡¡husky¡¡limbs¡£¡¡The¡¡cry¡¡for¡¡bloody¡¡revolution¡¡was¡¡already¡¡in¡¡the¡¡air¡£¡¡When¡¡would¡¡the¡¡mob¡¡be¡¡started¡¡and¡¡what¡¡would¡¡it¡¡do£¿¡¡When¡¡Comrade¡¡Bannerman¡¡had¡¡robbed¡¡the¡¡rich¡¡and¡¡piled¡¡their¡¡corpses¡¡in¡¡a¡¡Caesar's¡¡column£»¡¡would¡¡not¡¡the¡¡knock¡­kneed¡¡uplifter¡¡break¡¡my¡¡legs¡¡in¡¡making¡¡all¡¡men¡¡equal£¿¡¡These¡¡men¡¡were¡¡moved¡¡by¡¡envy¡¡and¡¡they¡¡lusted¡¡for¡¡blood¡£¡¡I¡¡faced¡¡the¡¡problem¡¡with¡¡a¡¡thirst¡¡for¡¡accurate¡¡knowledge£»¡¡and¡¡my¡¡passion¡¡was¡¡not¡¡for¡¡bloodshed¡¡but¡¡for¡¡brotherhood¡£



CHAPTER¡¡XXXVII

FREE¡¡AND¡¡UNLIMITED¡¡COINAGE


It¡¡was¡¡during¡¡the¡¡panic¡¡in¡¡1894¡¡that¡¡the¡¡strike¡¡vote¡¡was¡¡defeated¡£¡¡We¡¡worked¡¡on¡¡until¡¡the¡¡first¡¡of¡¡July£»¡¡1896£»¡¡when¡¡our¡¡agreement¡¡expired¡£¡¡By¡¡that¡¡time¡¡the¡¡tin¡¡mill¡¡was¡¡on¡¡its¡¡feet¡£¡¡The¡¡town¡¡of¡¡Elwood¡¡had¡¡grown¡¡from¡¡a¡¡country¡¡cross¡­roads¡¡to¡¡a¡¡city¡¡of¡¡the¡¡first¡¡class¡£¡¡As¡¡president¡¡of¡¡the¡¡union£»¡¡I¡¡had¡¡steadily¡¡gained¡¡concessions¡¡for¡¡the¡¡workers¡£¡¡We¡¡were¡¡getting¡¡paid¡¡every¡¡two¡¡weeks¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡not¡¡practical¡¡to¡¡pay¡¡oftener¡¡in¡¡the¡¡tin¡¡trade¡£¡¡A¡¡man's¡¡work¡¡has¡¡to¡¡be¡¡measured¡¡and¡¡weighed£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡plate¡¡he¡¡rolls¡¡on¡¡Saturday¡¡can¡¡not¡¡be¡¡cut¡¡and¡¡measured¡¡in¡¡time¡¡for¡¡him¡¡to¡¡get¡¡his¡¡pay¡¡for¡¡it¡¡that¡¡week¡£¡¡For¡¡the¡¡pay¡¡envelope¡¡is¡¡handed¡¡to¡¡him¡¡Saturday¡¡noon£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡Saturday's¡¡rolling¡¡will¡¡not¡¡go¡¡through¡¡the¡¡cutter¡¡until¡¡Monday¡£¡¡He¡¡can¡¡not¡¡be¡¡paid¡¡for¡¡it¡¡until¡¡it¡¡is¡¡in¡¡shape¡¡to¡¡be¡¡measured¡£¡¡So¡¡we¡¡were¡¡satisfied¡¡to¡¡be¡¡paid¡¡twice¡¡a¡¡month¡£

But¡¡the¡¡mill¡¡was¡¡now¡¡making¡¡big¡¡profits¡¡and¡¡we¡¡demanded¡¡a¡¡raise¡¡in¡¡pay¡£¡¡The¡¡mill¡¡owners¡¡countered¡¡by¡¡refusing¡¡to¡¡¡¨recognize¡¨¡¡the¡¡union¡£¡¡They¡¡would¡¡deal¡¡with¡¡the¡¡men¡¡only¡¡as¡¡individuals¡£¡¡A¡¡strike¡¡was¡¡called£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡union¡¡won¡£¡¡We¡¡recovered¡¡our¡¡raise¡¡in¡¡pay¡¡and¡¡signed¡¡a¡¡new¡¡contract¡£¡¡The¡¡strike¡¡was¡¡off¡¡in¡¡September¡¡after¡¡two¡¡long¡¡months¡¡of¡¡idleness£»¡¡and¡¡within¡¡a¡¡few¡¡days¡¡after¡¡the¡¡dust¡¡had¡¡settled¡¡we¡¡smelt¡¡the¡¡fireworks¡¡of¡¡political¡¡oratory¡£¡¡I¡¡am¡¡telling¡¡it¡¡now¡¡as¡¡it¡¡appeared¡¡to¡¡me¡¡then£»¡¡and¡¡of¡¡course¡¡I¡¡beg¡¡the¡¡indulgence¡¡of¡¡those¡¡concerned¡£

Bryan£»¡¡the¡¡bearcat¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Nebraska¡¡ranches£»¡¡had¡¡roared¡¡with¡¡his¡¡ears¡¡back£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡land¡¡was¡¡in¡¡a¡¡tumult¡£¡¡¡¨Coin's¡¡Financial¡¡School¡¨¡¡had¡¡already¡¡taught¡¡the¡¡people¡¡that¡¡the¡¡¡¨gold¡­bugs¡¨¡¡owned¡¡the¡¡country¡¡and¡¡that¡¡the¡¡people¡¡could¡¡save¡¡themselves¡¡from¡¡eternal¡¡serfdom¡¡only¡¡by¡¡changing¡¡the¡¡color¡¡of¡¡their¡¡money¡£¡¡Bryan¡¡told¡¡the¡¡westerners¡¡that¡¡the¡¡East¡¡was¡¡the¡¡¡¨enemy's¡¡country¡¨¡¡and¡¡that¡¡the¡¡gold¡¡standard¡¡was¡¡a¡¡game¡¡by¡¡which¡¡the¡¡East¡¡was¡¡robbing¡¡the¡¡West£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡only¡¡way¡¡the¡¡people¡¡of¡¡the¡¡West¡¡could¡¡save¡¡themselves¡¡was¡¡to¡¡move¡¡East¡¡and¡¡clip¡¡bonds¡¡or¡¡else¡¡change¡¡the¡¡color¡¡of¡¡the¡¡money£¡

This¡¡is¡¡the¡¡way¡¡it¡¡looked¡¡to¡¡me¡¡as¡¡a¡¡working¡¡man£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡hope¡¡my¡¡good¡¡friend¡¡Bryan¡¡will¡¡pardon¡¡me¡¡for¡¡writing¡¡of¡¡his¡¡¡¨great¡¡paramount¡¡issue¡¨¡¡in¡¡a¡¡joking¡¡way¡£¡¡For¡¡after¡¡all¡¡it¡¡was¡¡a¡¡joke£»¡¡a¡¡harmless¡¡jokebecause¡¡we¡¡didn't¡¡adopt¡¡it¡£¡¡I¡¡got¡¡excited¡¡by¡¡the¡¡threatened¡¡¡¨remedy¡¨¡¡and¡¡went¡¡into¡¡politics¡£¡¡While¡¡the¡¡tin¡¡trade¡¡was¡¡on¡¡strike£»¡¡crazy¡¡propagandists¡¡from¡¡everywhere¡¡poured¡¡into¡¡Elwood¡¡and¡¡began¡¡teaching¡¡the¡¡men¡¡bi¡­metalism£»¡¡communism£»¡¡bolshevism¡¡and¡¡anarchy¡£¡¡A¡¡communist¡¡propagandist¡¡is¡¡like¡¡a¡¡disease¡¡germ£»¡¡he¡¡doesn't¡¡belong¡¡in¡¡healthy¡¡bodies¡£¡¡If¡¡he¡¡gets¡¡in¡¡he¡¡can't¡¡increase¡¡and¡¡is¡¡soon¡¡thrown¡¡out¡¡again¡£¡¡But¡¡let¡¡a¡¡strike¡¡weaken¡¡the¡¡body¡¡of¡¡workers£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡germs¡¡swarm¡¡in¡¡and¡¡start¡¡their¡¡scarlet¡¡fever¡£

As¡¡soon¡¡as¡¡the¡¡strike¡¡was¡¡won£»¡¡I¡¡threw¡¡myself¡¡into¡¡the¡¡task¡¡of¡¡combatting¡¡the¡¡rising¡¡tide¡¡of¡¡class¡¡hatred¡¡led¡¡by¡¡Bryan£»¡¡representing¡¡agrarians¡¡in¡¡a¡¡fight¡¡against¡¡bankers¡¡and¡¡industrialists¡£¡¡I¡¡was¡¡chairman¡¡of¡¡the¡¡mill¡¡workers'¡¡Sound¡¡Money¡¡Club¡£¡¡Bryan¡¡was¡¡running¡¡for¡¡president¡¡on¡¡a¡¡platform¡¡declaring¡¡that¡¡the¡¡laboring¡¡man¡¡should¡¡¡¨not¡¡be¡¡crucified¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡cross¡¡of¡¡gold¡£¡¨¡¡No¡¡laboring¡¡man¡¡wanted¡¡to¡¡be¡£¡¡I¡¡was¡¡on¡¡the¡¡same¡¡side¡¡of¡¡the¡¡fence¡¡with¡¡Bryan¡¡when¡¡it¡¡came¡¡to¡¡the¡¡crucifixion¡¡question£»¡¡but¡¡on¡¡the¡¡opposite¡¡side¡¡of¡¡the¡¡fence¡¡regarding¡¡the¡¡gold¡¡question¡£¡¡Of¡¡course¡¡I¡¡knew¡¡little¡¡about¡¡finance£»¡¡and¡¡could¡¡not¡¡answer¡¡the¡¡Nebraskan¡£¡¡But¡¡had¡¡he¡¡advocated¡¡the¡¡free¡¡and¡¡unlimited¡¡coinage¡¡of¡¡pig¡­iron¡¡I¡¡could¡¡have¡¡talked¡¡him¡¡into¡¡a¡¡gasping¡¡hysteria¡£¡¡For£»¡¡we¡¡mill¡¡fellows¡¡figured¡¡that¡¡this¡¡was¡¡exactly¡¡what¡¡Bryan's¡¡money¡¡theory¡¡amounted¡¡to¡£¡¡His¡¡farmer¡¡friends¡¡had¡¡borrowed¡¡gold¡¡money¡¡from¡¡the¡¡bankers£»¡¡spent¡¡it¡¡in¡¡drought¡¡years¡¡plowing¡¡land¡¡that¡¡produced¡¡nothing£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡found¡¡themselves¡¡unable¡¡to¡¡pay¡¡it¡¡back¡£¡¡They¡¡wanted¡¡to¡¡call¡¡silver¡¡and¡¡paper¡¡cash¡¡and¡¡pay¡¡the¡¡debt¡¡with¡¡this¡¡new¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡money¡£¡¡He¡¡wanted¡¡a¡¡money¡¡system¡¡by¡¡which¡¡a¡¡farmer¡¡could¡¡borrow¡¡money¡¡to¡¡put¡¡in¡¡his¡¡crop£»¡¡then¡¡having¡¡failed¡¡to¡¡raise¡¡a¡¡crop¡¡£¨I¡¡have¡¡mentioned¡¡the¡¡great¡¡drought¡¡years£©¡¡could¡¡yet¡¡pay¡¡back¡¡the¡¡money¡£¡¡But¡¡no¡¡farming¡¡nation¡¡can¡¡suffer¡¡great¡¡crop¡¡losses¡¡without¡¡being¡¡set¡¡back¡¡financially¡¡and¡¡starved¡¡to¡¡where¡¡it¡¡hurts¡£¡¡You've¡¡got¡¡to¡¡figure¡¡God's¡¡laws¡¡into¡¡your¡¡human¡¡calculations¡£

¡¨Bryan¡¡might¡¡as¡¡well¡¡try¡¡to¡¡dodge¡¡the¡¡hungry¡¡days¡¡by¡¡advocating¡¡the¡¡free¡¡and¡¡unlimited¡¡coinage¡¡of¡¡tomato¡¡cans£»¡¨¡¡is¡¡the¡¡way¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡fellows¡¡put¡¡it£»¡¡¡¨then¡¡every¡¡man¡¡could¡¡borrow¡¡a¡¡dollar¡¡and¡¡buy¡¡a¡¡can¡¡of¡¡tomatoes¡£¡¡After¡¡eating¡¡the¡¡tomatoes¡¡he¡¡could¡¡coin¡¡the¡¡can¡¡into¡¡a¡¡dollar¡¡and¡¡buy¡¡another¡¡can¡¡of¡¡tomatoes¡£¡¡And¡¡so¡¡on¡¡until¡¡he¡¡got¡¡too¡¡old¡¡to¡¡eat£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡he¡¡could¡¡use¡¡the¡¡last¡¡dollar¡¡from¡¡the¡¡tin¡¡can¡¡in¡¡paying¡¡back¡¡the¡¡banker¡£¡¨¡¡Schemes¡¡like¡¡that¡¡are¡¡all¡¡right¡¡for¡¡orators¡¡and¡¡agitators¡¡who¡¡make¡¡their¡¡living¡¡with¡¡words¡£¡¡But¡¡farmers¡¡and¡¡iron¡¡workers¡¡know¡¡what¡¡it¡¡is¡¡that¡¡turns¡¡clods¡¡into¡¡corn¡¡and¡¡what¡¡makes¡¡the¡¡iron¡¡wheels¡¡that¡¡bear¡¡it¡¡to¡¡market¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡muscle¡¡applied¡¡with¡¡the¡¡favor¡¡of¡¡God¡£

Without¡¡labor£»¡¡no¡¡crops¡£¡¡Without¡¡rain£»¡¡no¡¡crops¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡world¡­wide¡¡crop¡¡failures¡¡that¡¡finally¡¡brought¡¡the¡¡lean¡¡years¡¡of¡¡the¡¡nineties¡£¡¡The¡¡return¡¡of¡¡big¡¡crops¡¡was¡¡already¡¡reviving¡¡the¡¡sick¡¡world¡£¡¡It¡¡rejected¡¡the¡¡radicals'¡¡¡¨remedy¡¨¡¡and¡¡next¡¡year¡¡it¡¡was¡¡well¡£¡¡Had¡¡we¡¡taken¡¡that¡¡wrong¡¡medicine¡¡in¡¡the¡¡dark¡¡it¡¡would¡¡have¡¡killed¡¡us¡£¡¡Thirty¡¡years¡¡later¡¡Russia¡¡let¡¡them¡¡shoot¡¡that¡¡medicine¡¡into¡¡her¡¡arm¡¡and¡¡it¡¡paralyzed¡¡her¡£¡¡The¡¡rain¡¡falls¡¡upon¡¡her¡¡fields¡¡and¡¡the¡¡soil¡¡is¡¡rich£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡brings¡¡forth¡¡no¡¡harvest¡¡and¡¡the¡¡people¡¡starve¡£

Russia¡¡has¡¡had¡¡famines¡¡before£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡were¡¡acts¡¡of¡¡God¡£¡¡The¡¡rain¡¡failed¡¡and¡¡there¡¡was¡¡no¡¡harvest¡£¡¡Their¡¡present¡¡famine¡¡is¡¡an¡¡act¡¡of¡¡man¡£¡¡Labor¡¡ceased¡£¡¡And¡¡the¡¡ensuing¡¡hunger¡¡was¡¡man's¡¡own¡¡fault¡£¡¡Nations¡¡that¡¡think¡¡labor¡¡is¡¡a¡¡curse£»¡¡and¡¡adopt¡¡schemes¡¡to¡¡avoid¡¡labor£»¡¡must¡¡perish¡¡for¡¡their¡¡folly¡£

In¡¡1896¡¡we¡¡came¡¡within¡¡an¡¡inch¡¡of¡¡adopting¡¡financial¡¡bolshevism¡£¡¡This¡¡taught¡¡me¡¡that¡¡a¡¡people¡¡are¡¡poorly¡¡schooled¡¡who¡¡can¡¡not¡¡tell¡¡the¡¡good¡¡from¡¡the¡¡bad¡£¡¡The¡¡wise¡¡heads¡¡knew¡¡what¡¡was¡¡good¡¡for¡¡the¡¡country¡£¡¡Hard¡¡work¡¡and¡¡good¡¡crops¡¡would¡¡cure¡¡our¡¡ills¡£¡¡But¡¡millions¡¡voted¡¡for¡¡a¡¡poison¡¡that¡¡would¡¡have¡¡destroyed¡¡us¡£¡¡From¡¡that¡¡time¡¡on¡¡I¡¡dreamed¡¡of¡¡a¡¡new¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡school£»¡¡not¡¡the¡¡kind¡¡we¡¡had¡¡that¡¡turned¡¡out¡¡men¡¡to¡¡grope¡¡blindly¡¡between¡¡good¡¡and¡¡folly¡£¡¡But¡¡a¡¡school¡¡based¡¡on¡¡the¡¡fundamental¡¡facts¡¡of¡¡life¡¡and¡¡labor£»¡¡the¡¡need¡¡of¡¡food¡¡and¡¡housing£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡sweating¡¡skill¡¡that¡¡brings¡¡man¡¡most¡¡of¡¡his¡¡blessings¡£¡¡A¡¡school¡¡from¡¡which¡¡no¡¡man¡¡could¡¡come¡¡out¡¡ignorant¡£¡¡That¡¡school¡¡should¡¡teach¡¡the¡¡eternal¡¡facts£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡that¡¡denied¡¡the¡¡facts¡¡would¡¡then¡¡be¡¡known¡¡for¡¡a¡¡fool¡¡or¡¡a¡¡rogueand¡¡not¡¡be¡¡thought¡¡a¡¡Messiah¡£

I¡¡love¡¡sentiment£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡believe¡¡in¡¡God¡£¡¡And¡¡I¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡facts¡¡are¡¡God's¡¡glorious¡¡handiwork¡£¡¡¡¨Ye¡¡shall¡¡know¡¡the¡¡truth£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡truth¡¡will¡¡set¡¡you¡¡free¡£¡¨¡¡The¡¡man¡¡who¡¡shuns¡¡realities¡¡because¡¡they¡¡belittle¡¡him¡¡is¡¡on¡¡the¡¡wrong¡¡road£»¡¡he¡¡is¡¡hopelessly¡¡lost¡¡from¡¡the¡¡beginning¡£



CHAPTER¡¡XXX¡¡VIII

THE¡¡EDITOR¡¡GETS¡¡MY¡¡GOAT


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