mary stuart-第5节

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followed　with　evident　pleasure；　was　ended；　he　turnedtowards　the

queen's　windows；　and；　having　cried　out　for　the　last　time；　〃Adieu；

loveliest　and　most　cruel　of　princesses！〃　he　stretched　out　his　neck　to

the　executioner；　without　displaying　any　repentance　or　uttering　any

complaint。　　This　death　made　all　the　more　impression　upon　Mary；　that

she　did　not　dare　to　show　her　sympathy　openly。



Meanwhile　there　was　a　rumour　that　the　queen　of　Scotland　was

consenting　to　a　new　marriage；　and　several　suitors　came　forward；

sprung　from　the　principal　reigning　families　of　Europe：　first；　the

Archduke　Charles；　third　son　of　the　Emperor　of　Germany；　then　the　Duke

of　Anjou；　who　afterwards　became　Henry　III。　　But　to　wed　a　foreign

prince　was　to　give　up　her　claims　to　the　English　crown。　　So　Mary

refused；　and；　making　a　merit　of　this　to　Elizabeth；　she　cast　her　eyes

on　a　relation　of　the　latter's；　Henry　Stuart；　Lord　Darnley；　son　of　the

Earl　of　Lennox。　　Elizabeth；　who　had　nothing　plausible　to　urge　against

this　marriage；　since　the　Queen　of　Scotland　not　only　chose　an

Englishman　for　husband；　but　was　marrying　into　her　own　family；　allowed

the　Earl　of　Lennox　and　his　son　to　go　to　the　Scotch　court；　reserving

it　to　herself；　if　matters　appeared　to　take　a　serious　turn；　to　recall

them　botha　command　which　they　would　be　constrained　to　obey；　since

all　their　property　was　in　England。



Darnley　was　eighteen　years　of　age：　he　was　handsome；　well…made；

elegant；　he　talked　in　that　attractive　manner　of　the　young　nobles　of

the　French　and　English　courts　that　Mary　no　longer　heard　since　her

exile　in　Scotland；　she　let　herself　be　deceived　by　these　appearances；

and　did　not　see　that　under　this　brilliant　exterior　Darnley　hid　utter

insignificance；　dubious　courage；　and　a　fickle　and　churlish　character。

It　is　true　that　he　came　to　her　under　the　auspices　of　a　man　whose

influence　was　as　striking　as　the　risen　fortune　which　gave　him　the

opportunity　to　exert　it。　　We　refer　to　David　Rizzio。



David　Rizzio；　who　played　such　a　great　part　in　the　life　of　Mary

Stuart；　whose　strange　favour　for　him　has　given　her　enemies；　probably

without　any　cause；　such　cruel　weapons　against　her；　was　the　son　of　a

Turin　musician　burdened　with　a　numerous　family；　who；　recognising　in

him　a　pronounced　musical　taste；　had　him　instructed　in　the　first

principles　of　the　art。　　At　the　age　of　fifteen　he　had　left　his

father's　house　and　had　gone　on　foot　to　Nice；　where　the　Duke　of　Savoy

held　his　court；　there　he　entered　the　service　of　the　Duke　of　Moreto；

and　this　lord　having　been　appointed；　some　years　afterwards；　to　the

Scottish　embassy；　Rizzio　followed　him　to　Scotland。　　As　this　young　man

had　a　very　fine　voice；　and　accompanied　on　the　viol　and　fiddle　songs

of　which　both　the　airs　and　the　words　were　of　his　own　composition；　the

ambassador　spoke　of　him　to　Mary；　who　wished　to　see　him。　　Rizzio；　full

of　confidence　in　himself；　and　seeing　in　the　queen's　desire　a　road　to

success；　hastened　to　obey　her　command；　sang　before　her；　and　pleased

her。　　She　begged　him　then　of　Moreto；　making　no　more　of　it　than　if　she

had　asked　of　him　a　thoroughbred　dog　or　a　well…trained　falcon。　　Moreta

presented　him　to　her；　delighted　at　finding　such　an　opportunity　to　pay

his　court；　but　scarcely　was　Rizzio　in　her　service　than　Mary

discovered　that　music　was　the　least　of　his　gifts；　that　he　possessed；

besides　that；　education　if　not　profound　at　least　varied；　a　supple

mind；　a　lively　imagination；　gentle　ways；　and　at　the　same　time　much

boldness　and　presumption。　　He　reminded　her　of　those　Italian　artists

whom　she　had　seen　at　the　French　court；　and　spoke　to　her　the　tongue　of

Marot　and　Ronsard；　whose　most　beautiful　poems　he　knew　by　heart：　this

was　more　than　enough　to　please　Mary　Stuart。　　In　a　short　time　he

became　her　favourite；　and　meanwhile　the　place　of　secretary　for　the

French　despatches　falling　vacant；　Rizzio　was　provided　for　with　it。



Darnley；　who　wished　to　succeed　at　all　costs；　enlisted　Rizzio　in　his

interests；　unconscious　that　he　had　no　need　of　this　support；　and　as；

on　her　side；　Mary；　who　had　fallen　in　love　with　him　at　first　sight；

fearing　some　new　intrigue　of　Elizabeth's；　hastened　on　this　union　so

far　as　the　proprieties　permitted；　the　affair　moved　forward　with

wonderful　rapidity；　and　in　the　midst　of　public　rejoicing；　with　the

approbation　of　the　nobility；　except　for　a　small　minority；　with　Murray

at　its　head；　the　marriage　was　solemnised　under　the　happiest　auspices；

29th　July　1565。　　Two　days　before；　Darnley　and　his　father；　the　Earl　of

Lennox；　had　received　a　command　to　return　to　London；　and　as　they　had

not　obeyed　it；　a　week　after　the　celebration　of　the　marriage　they

learned　that　the　Countess　of　Lennox；　the　only　one　of　the　family

remaining　in　Elizabeth's　power；　had　been　arrested　and　taken　to　the

Tower。　　Thus　Elizabeth；　in　spite　of　her　dissimulation；　yielding　to

that　first　impulse　of　violence　that　she　always　had　such　trouble　to

overcome；　publicly　displayed　her　resentment。



However；　Elizabeth　was　not　the　woman　to　be　satisfied　with　useless

vengeance：　she　soon　released　the　countess；　and　turned　her　eyes

towards　Murray；　the　most　discontented　of　the　nobles　in　opposition；

who　by　this　marriage　was　losing　all　his　personal　influence。　　It　was

thus　easy　for　Elizabeth　to　put　arms　in　his　hand。　　In　fact；　when　he

had　failed　in　his　first　attempt　to　seize　Darnley；　he　called　to　his

aid　the　Duke　of　Chatellerault；　Glencairn；　Argyll；　and　Rothes；　and

collecting　what　partisans　they　could；　they　openly　rebelled　against

the　queen。　　This　was　the　first　ostensible　act　of　that　hatred　which

was　afterwards　so　fatal　to　Mary。



The　queen；　on　her　side；　appealed　to　her　nobles；　who　in　response

hastened　to　rally　to　her；　so　that　in　a　month's　time　she　found　herself

at　the　head　of　the　finest　army　that　ever　a　king　of　Scotland　had

raised。　　Darnley　assumed　the　command　of　this　magnificent　assembly；

mounted　on　a　superb　horse；　arrayed　in　gilded　armour；　and　accompanied

by　the　queen；　who；　in　a　riding　habit；　with　pistols　at　her　saddle…bow；

wished　to　make　the　campaign　with　him；　that　she　might　not　quit　his

side　for　a　moment。　　Both　were　young；　both　were　handsome；　and　they

left　Edinburgh　amidst　the　cheers　of　the　people　and　the　army。



Murray　and　his　accomplices　did　not　even　try　to　stand　against　them；

and　the　campaign　consisted　of　such　rapid　and　complex　marches　and

counter…marches；　that　this　rebellion　is　called　the　Run…about　Raid…

that　is　to　say；　the　run　in　every　sense　of　the　word。　　Murray　and　the

rebels　withdrew　into　England；　where　Elizabeth；　while　seeming　to

condemn　their　unlucky　attempt；　afforded　them　all　the　assistance　they

needed。



Mary　returned　to　Edinburgh　delighted　at　the　success　of　her　two　first

campaigns；　not　suspecting　that　this　new　good　fortune　was　the　last　she

would　have；　and　that　there　her　short…lived　prosperity　would　cease。

Indeed；　she　soon　saw　that　in　Darnley　she　had　given　herself　not　a

devoted　and　very　attentive　husband；　as　she　had　believed；　but　an

imperious　and　brutal　master；　who；　no　longer　having　any　motive　for

concealment；　showed　himself　to　her　just　as　he　was；　a　man　of

disgraceful　vices；　of　which　drunkenness　and　debauchery　was　the　least。

Accordingly；　serious　differences　were　not　long　in　springing　up　in

this　royal　household。



Darnley　in　wedding　Mary　had　not　become　king；　but　merely　the　queen's

husband。　　To　confer　on　him　authority　nearly　equalling　a　regent's；　it

was　necessary　that　Mary　should　grant　him　what　was　termed　the　crown

matrimoniala　crown　Francis　II　had　worn　during　his　short　royalty；

and　that　Mary；　after　Darnley's　conduct　to　herself；　had　not　the

slightest　intention　of　bestowing　on　him。　　Thus；　to　whatever

entreaties　he　made；　in　whatever　form　they　were　wrapped；　Mary　merely

replied　with　an　unvaried　and　obstinate　refusal。　　Darnley；　amazed　at

this　force　of　will　in　a　young　queen　who　had　loved　him　enough　to　raise

him　to　her；　and　not　believing　that　she　could　find　it　in　herself；

sought　in　her　entourage　for　some　secret　and　influential　adviser　who

might　have　inspired　her　with　it。　　His　suspicions　fell　on　Rizzio。



In　reality；　to　whatever　cause　Rizzio　owed　his　power　（and　to　even　the

most　clear…sighted　historians　this　point　has　always　remained

obscure）；　be　it　that　he　ruled　as　lover；　be　it　that　he　advised　as

minister；　his　counsels　as　long　as　he　lived　were　always　given　for　the

greater　glory　of　the　queen。　　Sprung　from　so　low；　he　at　least　wished

to　show　himself　worthy；　of　having　risen　so　high；　and　owing　everything

to　Mary；　he　tried　to　repay　her　with　devotion。　　Thus　Darnley　was　not

mistaken；　and　it　was　indeed　Rizzio　who；　in　despair　at　having　helped

to　bring　about　a　union　which　he　foresaw　must　become　so　unfortunate；

gave　Mary　the　advice　not　to　give　up　any　of　her　power　to　one　who

already　possessed　much　more　than　he　deserved；　in　possessing　her

person。



Darnley；　like　all　persons　of　both　weak　and　violent　character；

disbelieved　in　the　persistence　of　will　in　others；　unless　this　will

was　sustained　by　an　outside　influence。　　He　thought　that　in　r