Ì«×ÓүС˵Íø > Ó¢Óïµç×ÓÊé > the outlet >

µÚ1½Ú

the outlet-µÚ1½Ú

С˵£º the outlet ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡






¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡Outlet

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡Andy¡¡Adams





PREFACE

At¡¡the¡¡close¡¡of¡¡the¡¡civil¡¡war¡¡the¡¡need¡¡for¡¡a¡¡market¡¡for¡¡the¡¡surplus¡¡cattle¡¡of¡¡Texas¡¡was¡¡as¡¡urgent¡¡as¡¡it¡¡was¡¡general¡£¡¡There¡¡had¡¡been¡¡numerous¡¡experiments¡¡in¡¡seeking¡¡an¡¡outlet£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡is¡¡authority¡¡for¡¡the¡¡statement¡¡that¡¡in¡¡1857¡¡Texas¡¡cattle¡¡were¡¡driven¡¡to¡¡Illinois¡£¡¡Eleven¡¡years¡¡later¡¡forty¡¡thousand¡¡head¡¡were¡¡sent¡¡to¡¡the¡¡mouth¡¡of¡¡Red¡¡River¡¡in¡¡Louisiana£»¡¡shipped¡¡by¡¡boat¡¡to¡¡Cairo£»¡¡Illinois£»¡¡and¡¡thence¡¡inland¡¡by¡¡rail¡£¡¡Fever¡¡resulted£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡experiment¡¡was¡¡never¡¡repeated¡£¡¡To¡¡the¡¡west¡¡of¡¡Texas¡¡stretched¡¡a¡¡forbidding¡¡desert£»¡¡while¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other¡¡hand£»¡¡nearly¡¡every¡¡drive¡¡to¡¡Louisiana¡¡resulted¡¡in¡¡financial¡¡disaster¡¡to¡¡the¡¡drover¡£¡¡The¡¡republic¡¡of¡¡Mexico£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡south£»¡¡afforded¡¡no¡¡relief£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡was¡¡likewise¡¡overrun¡¡with¡¡a¡¡surplus¡¡of¡¡its¡¡own¡¡breeding¡£¡¡Immediately¡¡before¡¡and¡¡just¡¡after¡¡the¡¡war£»¡¡a¡¡slight¡¡trade¡¡had¡¡sprung¡¡up¡¡in¡¡cattle¡¡between¡¡eastern¡¡points¡¡on¡¡Red¡¡River¡¡and¡¡Baxter¡¡Springs£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡southeast¡¡corner¡¡of¡¡Kansas¡£¡¡The¡¡route¡¡was¡¡perfectly¡¡feasible£»¡¡being¡¡short¡¡and¡¡entirely¡¡within¡¡the¡¡reservations¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Choctaws¡¡and¡¡Cherokees£»¡¡civilized¡¡Indians¡£¡¡This¡¡was¡¡the¡¡only¡¡route¡¡to¡¡the¡¡north£»¡¡for¡¡farther¡¡to¡¡the¡¡westward¡¡was¡¡the¡¡home¡¡of¡¡the¡¡buffalo¡¡and¡¡the¡¡unconquered£»¡¡nomadic¡¡tribes¡£¡¡A¡¡writer¡¡on¡¡that¡¡day£»¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Emerson¡¡Hough£»¡¡an¡¡acceptable¡¡authority£»¡¡says£º¡¡¡¨The¡¡civil¡¡war¡¡stopped¡¡almost¡¡all¡¡plans¡¡to¡¡market¡¡the¡¡range¡¡cattle£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡close¡¡of¡¡that¡¡war¡¡found¡¡the¡¡vast¡¡grazing¡¡lands¡¡of¡¡Texas¡¡fairly¡¡covered¡¡with¡¡millions¡¡of¡¡cattle¡¡which¡¡had¡¡no¡¡actual¡¡or¡¡determinate¡¡value¡£¡¡They¡¡were¡¡sorted¡¡and¡¡branded¡¡and¡¡herded¡¡after¡¡a¡¡fashion£»¡¡but¡¡neither¡¡they¡¡nor¡¡their¡¡increase¡¡could¡¡be¡¡converted¡¡into¡¡anything¡¡but¡¡more¡¡cattle¡£¡¡The¡¡demand¡¡for¡¡a¡¡market¡¡became¡¡imperative¡£¡¨

This¡¡was¡¡the¡¡situation¡¡at¡¡the¡¡close¡¡of¡¡the¡¡'50's¡¡and¡¡meanwhile¡¡there¡¡had¡¡been¡¡no¡¡cessation¡¡in¡¡trying¡¡to¡¡find¡¡an¡¡outlet¡¡for¡¡the¡¡constantly¡¡increasing¡¡herds¡£¡¡Civilization¡¡was¡¡sweeping¡¡westward¡¡by¡¡leaps¡¡and¡¡bounds£»¡¡and¡¡during¡¡the¡¡latter¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡'60's¡¡and¡¡early¡¡'70's£»¡¡a¡¡market¡¡for¡¡a¡¡very¡¡small¡¡percentage¡¡of¡¡the¡¡surplus¡¡was¡¡established¡¡at¡¡Abilene£»¡¡Ellsworth£»¡¡and¡¡Wichita£»¡¡being¡¡confined¡¡almost¡¡exclusively¡¡to¡¡the¡¡state¡¡of¡¡Kansas¡£¡¡But¡¡this¡¡outlet£»¡¡slight¡¡as¡¡it¡¡was£»¡¡developed¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡the¡¡transplanted¡¡Texas¡¡steer£»¡¡after¡¡a¡¡winter¡¡in¡¡the¡¡north£»¡¡took¡¡on¡¡flesh¡¡like¡¡a¡¡native£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡being¡¡double¡­wintered¡¡became¡¡a¡¡marketable¡¡beef¡£¡¡It¡¡should¡¡be¡¡understood¡¡in¡¡this¡¡connection¡¡that¡¡Texas£»¡¡owing¡¡to¡¡climatic¡¡conditions£»¡¡did¡¡not¡¡mature¡¡an¡¡animal¡¡into¡¡marketable¡¡form£»¡¡ready¡¡for¡¡the¡¡butcher's¡¡block¡£¡¡Yet¡¡it¡¡was¡¡an¡¡exceptional¡¡country¡¡for¡¡breeding£»¡¡the¡¡percentage¡¡of¡¡increase¡¡in¡¡good¡¡years¡¡reaching¡¡the¡¡phenomenal¡¡figures¡¡of¡¡ninety¡­five¡¡calves¡¡to¡¡the¡¡hundred¡¡cows¡£¡¡At¡¡this¡¡time¡¡all¡¡eyes¡¡were¡¡turned¡¡to¡¡the¡¡new¡¡Northwest£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡then¡¡looked¡¡upon¡¡as¡¡the¡¡country¡¡that¡¡would¡¡at¡¡last¡¡afford¡¡the¡¡proper¡¡market¡£¡¡Railroads¡¡were¡¡pushing¡¡into¡¡the¡¡domain¡¡of¡¡the¡¡buffalo¡¡and¡¡Indian£»¡¡the¡¡rush¡¡of¡¡emigration¡¡was¡¡westward£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Texan¡¡was¡¡clamoring¡¡for¡¡an¡¡outlet¡¡for¡¡his¡¡cattle¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡written¡¡in¡¡the¡¡stars¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Indian¡¡and¡¡buffalo¡¡would¡¡have¡¡to¡¡stand¡¡aside¡£

Philanthropists¡¡may¡¡deplore¡¡the¡¡destruction¡¡of¡¡the¡¡American¡¡bison£»¡¡yet¡¡it¡¡was¡¡inevitable¡£¡¡Possibly¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡¡commonly¡¡known¡¡that¡¡the¡¡general¡¡government¡¡had¡¡under¡¡consideration¡¡the¡¡sending¡¡of¡¡its¡¡own¡¡troops¡¡to¡¡destroy¡¡the¡¡buffalo¡£¡¡Yet¡¡it¡¡is¡¡a¡¡fact£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡army¡¡in¡¡the¡¡West¡¡fully¡¡realized¡¡the¡¡futility¡¡of¡¡subjugating¡¡the¡¡Indians¡¡while¡¡they¡¡could¡¡draw¡¡subsistence¡¡from¡¡the¡¡bison¡£¡¡The¡¡well¡­mounted¡¡aborigines¡¡hung¡¡on¡¡the¡¡flanks¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡buffalo¡¡herds£»¡¡migrating¡¡with¡¡them£»¡¡spurning¡¡all¡¡treaty¡¡obligations£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡opportunity¡¡offered¡¡murdering¡¡the¡¡advance¡¡guard¡¡of¡¡civilization¡¡with¡¡the¡¡fiendish¡¡atrocity¡¡of¡¡carnivorous¡¡animals¡£¡¡But¡¡while¡¡the¡¡government¡¡hesitated£»¡¡the¡¡hide¡­hunters¡¡and¡¡the¡¡railroads¡¡solved¡¡the¡¡problem£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Indian's¡¡base¡¡of¡¡supplies¡¡was¡¡destroyed¡£

Then¡¡began¡¡the¡¡great¡¡exodus¡¡of¡¡Texas¡¡cattle¡£¡¡The¡¡red¡¡men¡¡were¡¡easily¡¡confined¡¡on¡¡reservations£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡vacated¡¡country¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Northwest¡¡became¡¡cattle¡¡ranges¡£¡¡The¡¡government¡¡was¡¡in¡¡the¡¡market¡¡for¡¡large¡¡quantities¡¡of¡¡beef¡¡with¡¡which¡¡to¡¡feed¡¡its¡¡army¡¡and¡¡Indian¡¡wards¡£¡¡The¡¡maximum¡¡year's¡¡drive¡¡was¡¡reached¡¡in¡¡1884£»¡¡when¡¡nearly¡¡eight¡¡hundred¡¡thousand¡¡cattle£»¡¡in¡¡something¡¡over¡¡three¡¡hundred¡¡herds£»¡¡bound¡¡for¡¡the¡¡new¡¡Northwest£»¡¡crossed¡¡Red¡¡River£»¡¡the¡¡northern¡¡boundary¡¡of¡¡Texas¡£¡¡Some¡¡slight¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡this¡¡exodus¡¡can¡¡be¡¡gained¡¡when¡¡one¡¡considers¡¡that¡¡in¡¡the¡¡above¡¡year¡¡about¡¡four¡¡thousand¡¡men¡¡and¡¡over¡¡thirty¡¡thousand¡¡horses¡¡were¡¡required¡¡on¡¡the¡¡trail£»¡¡while¡¡the¡¡value¡¡of¡¡the¡¡drive¡¡ran¡¡into¡¡millions¡£¡¡The¡¡history¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡¡can¡¡show¡¡no¡¡pastoral¡¡movement¡¡in¡¡comparison¡£¡¡The¡¡Northwest¡¡had¡¡furnished¡¡the¡¡marketthe¡¡outlet¡¡for¡¡Texas¡£




CONTENTS

I¡£¡¡OPENING¡¡THE¡¡CAMPAIGN

II¡£¡¡ORGANIZING¡¡THE¡¡FORCES

III¡£¡¡RECEIVING¡¡AT¡¡LOS¡¡LOBOS

IV¡£¡¡MINGLING¡¡WITH¡¡THE¡¡EXODUS

V¡£¡¡RED¡¡RIVER¡¡STATION

VI¡£¡¡CAMP¡¡SUPPLY

VII¡£¡¡WHEN¡¡GREEK¡¡MEETS¡¡GREEK

VIII¡£¡¡EN¡¡PASSANT

IX¡£¡¡AT¡¡SHERIFF'S¡¡CREEK

X¡£¡¡A¡¡FAMILY¡¡REUNION

XI¡£¡¡ALL¡¡IN¡¡THE¡¡DAY'S¡¡WORK

XII¡£¡¡MARSHALING¡¡THE¡¡FORCES

XIII¡£¡¡JUSTICE¡¡IN¡¡THE¡¡SADDLE

XIV¡£¡¡TURNING¡¡THE¡¡TABLES

XV¡£¡¡TOLLESTON¡¡BUTTS¡¡IN

XVI¡£¡¡CROSSING¡¡THE¡¡NIOBRARA

XVII¡£¡¡WATER¡­BOUND

XVIII¡£¡¡THE¡¡LITTLE¡¡MISSOURI

XIX¡£¡¡IN¡¡QUARANTINE

XX¡£¡¡ON¡¡THE¡¡JUST¡¡AND¡¡THE¡¡UNJUST

XXI¡£¡¡FORT¡¡BUFORD

XXII¡£¡¡A¡¡SOLDIER'S¡¡HONOR

XXIII¡£¡¡KANGAROOED

XXIV¡£¡¡THE¡¡WINTER¡¡OF¡¡OUR¡¡DISCONTENT



THE¡¡OUTLET

CHAPTER¡¡I¡£¡¡OPENING¡¡THE¡¡CAMPAIGN

¡¨Well£»¡¡gentlemen£»¡¡if¡¡that¡¡is¡¡the¡¡best¡¡rate¡¡you¡¡can¡¡offer¡¡us£»¡¡then¡¡we'll¡¡drive¡¡the¡¡cattle¡£¡¡My¡¡boys¡¡have¡¡all¡¡been¡¡over¡¡the¡¡trail¡¡before£»¡¡and¡¡your¡¡figures¡¡are¡¡no¡¡inducement¡¡to¡¡ship¡¡as¡¡far¡¡as¡¡Red¡¡River¡£¡¡We¡¡are¡¡fully¡¡aware¡¡of¡¡the¡¡nature¡¡of¡¡the¡¡country£»¡¡but¡¡we¡¡can¡¡deliver¡¡the¡¡herds¡¡at¡¡their¡¡destination¡¡for¡¡less¡¡than¡¡you¡¡ask¡¡us¡¡for¡¡shipping¡¡them¡¡one¡¡third¡¡of¡¡the¡¡distance¡£¡¡No£»¡¡we'll¡¡drive¡¡all¡¡the¡¡way¡£¡¨

The¡¡speaker¡¡was¡¡Don¡¡Lovell£»¡¡a¡¡trail¡¡drover£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡parties¡¡addressed¡¡were¡¡the¡¡general¡¡freight¡¡agents¡¡of¡¡three¡¡railroad¡¡lines¡¡operating¡¡in¡¡Texas¡£¡¡A¡¡conference¡¡had¡¡been¡¡agreed¡¡upon£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡had¡¡come¡¡in¡¡by¡¡train¡¡from¡¡the¡¡ranch¡¡in¡¡Medina¡¡County¡¡to¡¡attend¡¡the¡¡meeting¡¡in¡¡San¡¡Antonio¡£¡¡The¡¡railroad¡¡representatives¡¡were¡¡shrewd£»¡¡affable¡¡gentlemen£»¡¡and¡¡presented¡¡an¡¡array¡¡of¡¡facts¡¡hard¡¡to¡¡overcome¡£¡¡They¡¡were¡¡well¡¡aware¡¡of¡¡the¡¡obstacles¡¡to¡¡be¡¡encountered¡¡in¡¡the¡¡arid£»¡¡western¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡the¡¡state£»¡¡and¡¡magnified¡¡every¡¡possibility¡¡into¡¡a¡¡stern¡¡reality¡£¡¡Unrolling¡¡a¡¡large¡¡state¡¡map¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡table£»¡¡around¡¡which¡¡the¡¡principals¡¡were¡¡sitting£»¡¡the¡¡agent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Denver¡¡and¡¡Fort¡¡Worth¡¡traced¡¡the¡¡trail¡¡from¡¡Buffalo¡¡Gap¡¡to¡¡Doan's¡¡Crossing¡¡on¡¡Red¡¡River¡£¡¡Producing¡¡what¡¡was¡¡declared¡¡to¡¡be¡¡a¡¡report¡¡of¡¡the¡¡immigration¡¡agent¡¡of¡¡his¡¡line£»¡¡he¡¡showed¡¡by¡¡statistics¡¡that¡¡whole¡¡counties¡¡through¡¡which¡¡the¡¡old¡¡trail¡¡ran¡¡had¡¡recently¡¡been¡¡settled¡¡up¡¡by¡¡Scandinavian¡¡immigrants¡£¡¡The¡¡representative¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Missouri£»¡¡Kansas£»¡¡and¡¡Texas£»¡¡when¡¡opportunity¡¡offered£»¡¡enumerated¡¡every¡¡disaster¡¡which¡¡had¡¡happened¡¡to¡¡any¡¡herd¡¡to¡¡the¡¡westward¡¡of¡¡his¡¡line¡¡in¡¡the¡¡past¡¡five¡¡years¡£¡¡The¡¡factor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡International¡¡was¡¡equally¡¡well¡¡posted¡£

¡¨Now£»¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Lovell£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡he£»¡¡dumping¡¡a¡¡bundle¡¡of¡¡papers¡¡on¡¡the¡¡table£»¡¡¡¨if¡¡you¡¡will¡¡kindly¡¡glance¡¡over¡¡these¡¡documents£»¡¡I¡¡think¡¡I¡¡can¡¡convince¡¡you¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡only¡¡a¡¡question¡¡of¡¡a¡¡few¡¡years¡¡until¡¡all¡¡trail¡¡cattle¡¡will¡¡ship¡¡the¡¡greater¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡the¡¡way¡£¡¡Here¡¡is¡¡a¡¡tabulated¡¡statement¡¡up¡¡to¡¡and¡¡including¡¡the¡¡year¡¡'83¡£¡¡From¡¡twenty¡¡counties¡¡tributary¡¡to¡¡our¡¡line¡¡and¡¡south¡¡of¡¡this¡¡city£»¡¡you¡¡will¡¡notice¡¡that¡¡in¡¡'80¡¡we¡¡practically¡¡handled¡¡no¡¡cattle¡¡intended¡¡for¡¡the¡¡trail¡£¡¡Passing¡¡on¡¡to¡¡the¡¡next¡¡season's¡¡drive£»¡¡you¡¡see¡¡we¡¡secured¡¡a¡¡little¡¡over¡¡ten¡¡per¡¡cent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡cattle¡¡and¡¡nearly¡¡thirty¡¡per¡¡cent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡horse¡¡stock¡£¡¡Last¡¡year£»¡¡or¡¡for¡¡'83£»¡¡drovers¡¡took¡¡advantage¡¡of¡¡our¡¡low¡¡rates¡¡for¡¡Red¡¡River¡¡points£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡percentage¡¡ran¡¡up¡¡to¡¡twenty¡­four¡¡and¡¡a¡¡fraction£»¡¡or¡¡practically¡¡speaking£»¡¡one¡¡fourth¡¡of¡¡the¡¡total¡¡drive¡£¡¡We¡¡are¡¡able¡¡to¡¡offer¡¡the¡¡same¡¡low¡¡rates¡¡this¡¡year£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡arrangements¡¡are¡¡completed¡¡with¡¡our¡¡connecting¡¡lines¡¡to¡¡give¡¡live¡­stock¡¡trains¡¡carrying¡¡trail¡¡cattle¡¡a¡¡passenger¡¡schedule¡£¡¡Now£»¡¡if¡¡you¡¡care¡¡to¡¡look¡¡over¡¡this¡¡correspondence£»¡¡you¡¡will¡¡notice¡¡that¡¡we¡¡have¡¡inquiries¡¡which¡¡will¡¡tax¡¡our¡¡carrying¡¡capacity¡¡to¡¡its¡¡utmost¡£¡¡The¡¡'Laurel¡¡Leaf'¡¡and¡¡'Running¡¡W'¡¡people¡¡alone¡¡have¡¡asked¡¡for¡¡a¡¡rate¡¡on¡¡thirty¡¡thousand¡¡head¡£¡¨

But¡¡the¡¡drover¡¡brushed¡¡the¡¡correspondence¡¡aside£»¡¡and¡¡asked¡¡for¡¡the¡¡possible¡¡feed¡¡bills¡£¡¡A¡¡blanket¡¡rate¡¡had¡¡been¡¡given¡¡on¡¡the¡¡entire¡¡shipment¡¡from¡¡that¡¡city£»¡¡or¡¡any¡¡point¡¡south£»¡¡to¡¡Wichita¡¡Falls£»¡¡with¡¡one¡¡rest¡¡and¡¡feed¡£¡¡Making¡¡a¡¡memorandum¡¡of¡¡the¡¡items£»¡¡Lovell¡¡arose¡¡from¡¡the¡¡table¡¡and¡¡came¡¡over¡¡to¡¡where¡¡Jim¡¡Flood¡¡and¡¡I¡¡were¡¡searching¡¡for¡¡Fort¡¡Buford¡¡on¡¡a¡¡large¡¡wall¡¡map¡£¡¡We¡¡were¡¡both¡¡laboring¡¡under¡¡the¡¡impression¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡in¡¡Montana£»¡¡but¡¡after¡¡our¡¡employer¡¡pointed¡¡it¡¡out¡¡to¡¡us¡¡at¡¡the¡¡mouth¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Yellowstone¡¡in¡¡Dakota£»¡¡all¡¡three¡¡of¡¡us¡¡adjourned¡¡to¡¡an¡¡ante¡­room¡£¡¡Flood¡¡was¡¡the¡¡best¡¡posted¡¡trail¡¡foreman¡¡in¡¡Don¡¡Lovell's¡¡employ£»¡¡and¡¡taking¡¡seats¡¡at¡¡the¡¡table£»¡¡we¡¡soon¡¡reduced¡¡the¡¡proposed¡¡shipping¡¡expense¡¡to¡¡a¡¡pro¡­rata¡¡sum¡¡per¡¡head¡£¡¡The¡¡result¡¡was¡¡not¡¡to¡¡be¡¡considered£»¡¡and¡¡on¡¡returning¡¡to¡¡the¡¡main¡¡office£»¡¡our¡¡employer£»¡¡as¡¡already¡¡expressed£»¡¡declined¡¡the¡¡proffered¡¡rate¡£

Then¡¡the¡¡freight¡¡men¡¡doubled¡¡on¡¡him£»¡¡asking¡¡if¡¡he¡¡had¡¡taken¡¡into¡¡consideration¡¡a¡¡saving¡¡in¡¡wages¡£¡¡In¡¡a¡¡two¡¡days'¡¡run¡¡they¡¡would¡¡lay¡¡down¡¡the¡¡cattl

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ