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SCIENCE OF LOGIC
by Hegel
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface to the First Edition
Preface to the Second Edition
Introduction： General Notion of Logic
Introduction： General Division of Logic
VOLUME ONE： THE OBJECTIVE LOGIC
BOOK ONE： THE DOCTRINE OF BEING
With What must Science Begin？
General Division of Being
Section One： Determinateness （Quality）
Chapter 1 Being
A Being
B Nothing
C Becoming
1。 Unity of Being and Nothing
2。 Moments of Becoming： Coming…to…be and Ceasing…to…be
3。 Sublation of Becoming
Chapter 2 Determinate Being
A Determinate Being as Such
（a） Determinate Being in General
（b） Quality
（c） Something
B Finitude
（a） Something and Other
（b） Determination； Constitution and Limit
（c） Finitude
＇a＇ The Immediacy of Finitude
＇b＇ Limitation and the Ought
＇c＇ Transition of the Finite into the Infinite
C Infinity
（a） The Infinite in General
（b） Alternating Determination of the Finite and the Infinite
（c） Affirmative Infinity
Transition
Chapter 3 Being…for…self
A Being…for…self as such
（a） Determinate Being and Being…for…self
（b） Being…for…one
（c） The One
B The One and the Many
（a） The One in its own self
（b） The One and the Void
（c） Many Ones … Repulsion
C Repulsion and Attraction
（a） Exclusion of the One
（b） The one One of Attraction
（c） The Relation of Repulsion and Attraction
Section Two： Magnitude （Quantity）
Chapter 1 Quantity
A Pure Quantity
B Continuous and Discrete Magnitude
C Limitation of Quantity
Chapter 2 Quantum
A Number
B Extensive and Intensive Quantum
（a） Their Difference
（b） Identity of Extensive and Intensive Magnitude
（c） Alteration of Quantum
C Quantitative Infinity
（a） Its Notion
（b） The Qualitative Infinite Progress
（c） The Infinity of Quantum
Chapter 3 The Quantitative Relation or Quantiative Ratio
A The Direct Ratio
B Inverse Ratio
C The Ratio of Powers
Section Three： Measure
Chapter 1 Specific Quantity
A The Specific Quantum
B Specifying Measure
（a） The Rule
（b） Specifying Measure
（c） Relation of the Two Sides as Qualities
C Being…for…self in Measure
Chapter 2 Real Measure
A The Relation of Self…Subsistent Measures
（a） Combination of Two Measures
（b） Measure of a Series of Measure Relations
（c） Elective Affinity
B Nodal Line of Measure Relations
C The Measureless
Chapter 3 The Becoming of Essence
A Absolute Indifference
B Indifference as an Inverse Ration of its Factors
C Transition into Essence
BOOK TWO： THE DOCTRINE OF ESSENCE
Section One： Essence as Reflection
Within Itself
Chapter 1 Illusory Being ＇Semblance＇
A The Essential and the Unessential
B Illusory Being
C Reflection
（a） Positing Reflection
（b） External Reflection
（c） Determining Reflection
Chapter 2 The Essentialities or Determinations of Reflection
A Identity
B Difference
（a） Absolute Difference
（b） Diversity
（c） Opposition
C Contradiction
Chapter 3 Ground
A Absolute Ground
（a） Form and Essence
（b） Form and Matter
（c） Form and Content
B Determinate Ground
（a） Formal Ground
（b） Real Ground
（c） The Complete Ground
C Condition
（a） The Relatively Unconditioned
（b） The Absolutely Unconditioned
（c） The Emergence of the Fact into Existence
Section Two： Appearance
Chapter 1 Existence
A The Thing and its Properties
（a） Thing…in…itself and Existence
（b） Property
（c） The Reciprocal Action of Things
B The Constitution of the Thing out of Matters
C Dissolution of the Thing
Chapter 2 Appearance
A The Law of Appearance
B The World of Appearance and the World…in…itself
C Disslution of Appearance
Chapter 3 The Essential Relation
A The Relation of Whole and Parts
B The Relation of Force and its Expression
（a） The Conditionedness of Force
（b） The Solicitation of Force
（c） The Infinity of Force
C Relation of Outer and Inner
Section Three： Actuality
Chapter 1 The Absolute
A The Exposition of the Absolute
B The Absolute Attribute
C The Mode of the Absolute
Chapter 2 Actuality
A Contingency； or Formal Actuality； Possibility and Necessity
B Relative Necessity； or Real Actuality； Possibility and Necessity
C Absolute Necessity
Chapter 3 The Absolute Relation
A The Relation of Substantiality
B The Relation of Causality
（a） Formal Causality
（b） The Determinate Relation of Causality
（c） Action and Reaction
C Reciprocity
VOLUME TWO： SUBJECTIVE LOGIC
THE DOCTRINE OF THE NOTION
The Notion in General
Division
Section One： Subjectivity
Chapter 1 The Notion
A The Universal Notion
B The Particular Notion
C The Individual
Chapter 2 The Judgment
A The Judgement of Existence
（a） The Positive Judgment
（b） The Negative Judgment
（c） The Infinite Judgment
B The Judgment of Reflection
（a） The Singular Judgment
（b） The Particular Judgment
（c） The Universal Judgment
C The Judgment of Necessity
（a） The Categorical Judgment
（b） The Hyopthetical Judgment
（c） The Disjunctive Judgment
D The Judgment of the Notion
（a） The Assertoric Judgment
（b） The Problematic Judgment
（c） The Apodetic Judgment
Chapter 3 The Syllogism
A The Syllogism of Existence
（a） First Figure of the Syllogism
（b） The Seond Figure P…I…U
（c） The Third Figure I…U…P
（d） The Fourth Figure U…U…U
B The Syllogism of Reflection
（a） The Syllogism of Allness
（b） The Syllogism of Induction
（c） The Syllogism of Analogy
C The Syllogism of Necessity
（a） The Categorical Syllogism
（b） The Hypothetical Syllogism
（c） The Disjunctive Syllogism
Section Two： Objectivity
Chapter 1 Mechanism
A The Mechanical Object
B The Mechanical Process
（a） The Formal Mechanical Process
（b） The Real Mechanical Process
（c） The Product of the Mechanical Process
C Absolute Mechanism
（a） The Centre
（b） Law
（c） Transition of Mechanism
Chapter 2 Chemism
A The Chemical Object
B The Chemical Process
C Transition of Chemism
Chapter 3 Teleology
A The Subjective End
B The Means
C The Realised End
Section Three： The Idea
Chapter 1 Life
A The Living Individual
B The Life Process
C The Genus ＇Kind＇
Chapter 2 The Idea of Cognition
A The Idea of the True
（a） Analytic Cognition
（b） Synthetic Cognition
1。 Definition
2。 Division
3。 The Theorem
B The Idea of the Good
Chapter 3 The Absolute Idea
Preface to the First Edition
The complete transformation which philosophical thought in Germany has undergone in the last
twenty…five years and the higher standpoint reached by spirit in its awareness of itself； have had
but little influence as yet on the structure of logic。
That which； prior to this period； was called metaphysics has been； so to speak； extirpated root
and branch and has vanished from the ranks of the sciences。 The ontology； rational psychology；
cosmology； yes even natural theology； of former times…where is now to be heard any mention of
them； or who would venture to mention them？ Inquiries； for instance； into the immateriality of the
soul； into efficient and final causes； where should these still arouse any interest？ Even the former
proofs of the existence of God are cited only for their historical interest or for purposes of
edification and uplifting the e
