the sportsman(运动员)-第10节
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lies dead…beat； nor must he wittingly leave any patch of green or clod of
earth untested。＇41＇ Backwards and forwards he must try and try again the
ground；＇42＇ to be sure that nothing has been overlooked。 The fact is； the
little creature lies in a small compass； and from fatigue and fear will not
get up。 As he leads the hounds on he will cheer and encourage them；
addressing with many a soft term the docile creature； the self…willed；
stubborn brute more rarely； and to a moderate extent the hound of average
capacity； till he either succeeds in running down or driving into the toils
some victim。＇43＇ After which he will pick up his nets； both small and large
alike； giving every hound a rub down； and return home from the hunting…
field； taking care； if it should chance to be a summer's noon； to halt a bit；
so that the feet of his hounds may not be blistered on the road。
＇41＇ Lit。 〃anything which earth puts forth or bears upon her bosom。〃
＇42＇ Or； 〃Many and many a cast back must he make。〃
＇43＇ The famous stanzas in 〃Venus and Adonis〃 may fitly close this
chapter。
And when thou hast on foot the purblind hare； Mark the poor wretch；
to overshoot his troubles How he outruns the wind and with what care He
cranks and crosses with a thousand doubles： The many musets
through the which he goes Are like a labyrinth to amaze his foes。
Sometimes he runs among a flock of sheep； To make the cunning
hounds mistake their smell； And sometimes where earth…delving conies
keep； To stop the loud pursuers in their yell； And sometimes sorteth
with a herd of deer： Danger deviseth shifts； wit waits on fear：
For there his smell with others being mingled； The hot scent…snuffing
hounds are driven to doubt； Ceasing their clamorous cry till they have
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singled With much ado the cold fault cleanly out： Then do they spend
their mouths： Echo replies； As if another chase were in the skies。
By this； poor Wat； far off upon a hill； Stands on his hinder legs with
listening ear； To hearken if his foes pursue him still： Anon their loud
alarums he doth hear； And now his grief may be compared well
To one sore sick that hears the passing…bell。
Then shalt thou see the dew…bedabbled wretch Turn； and return；
indenting with the way； Each envious brier his weary legs doth scratch；
Each shadow makes him stop； each murmur stay： For misery is
trodden on by many； And being low never relieved by any。
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VII
For breeding purposes choose winter； and release the bitches from hard
work；＇1＇ which will enable them to profit by repose and to produce a fine
progeny towards spring； since that season is the best to promote the
growth of the young dogs。 The bitch is in heat for fourteen days；＇2＇ and
the moment at which to put her to the male； with a view to rapid and
successful impregnation； is when the heat is passing off。 Choose a good
dog for the purpose。 When the bitch is ready to whelp she should not be
taken out hunting continuously； but at intervals sufficient to avoid a
miscarriage through her over…love of toil。 The period of gestation lasts for
sixty days。 When littered the puppies should be left to ther own dam； and
not placed under another bitch； foster…nursing does not promote growth in
the same way； whilst nothing is so good for them as their own mother's
milk and her breath；＇3＇ and the tenderness of her caresses。＇4＇
＇1＇ Or； 〃Winter is the time at which to pair dogs for breeding； the
bitches to be released from hard work； so that with the repose so
secured they may produce a fine litter in spring。〃
＇2＇ Lit。 〃this necessity holds。〃 Cf。 Aristot。 〃H。 A。〃 vi。 20； Arrian；
xxvii。； xxxi。 3。
＇3＇ Cf。 Eur。 〃Tro。〃 753； ｛o khrotos edu pneuma｝。
＇4＇ Cf。 Arrian； xxx。 2； Pollux； v。 50； Columella； vii。 12； 12； ap。
Schneid。
Presently； when the puppies are strong enough to roam about； they
should be given milk＇5＇ for a whole year； along with what will form their
staple diet in the future； but nothing else。 A heavy diet will distort the legs
of a young dog； engender disease in other limbs； and the internal
mechanism will get out of order。＇6＇
＇5＇ See Arrian； xxxi。； Stonehenge； p。 264。
＇6＇ Or； 〃the internal organs get wrong〃 （｛adika｝）。 Cf。 〃Memorabilia；〃
IV。 iv。 5。
They should have short names given them； which will be easy to call
out。＇7＇ The following may serve as specimens：Psyche； Pluck； Buckler；
Spigot； Lance； Lurcher； Watch； Keeper； Brigade； Fencer； Butcher； Blazer；
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Prowess； Craftsman； Forester； Counsellor； Spoiler； Hurry； Fury； Growler；
Riot； Bloomer； Rome； Blossom； Hebe； Hilary； Jolity； Gazer； Eyebright；
Much； Force； Trooper； Bustle； Bubbler； Rockdove； Stubborn； Yelp； Killer；
Pele…mele； Strongboy； Sky； Sunbeam； Bodkin； Wistful； Gnome； Tracks；
Dash。＇8＇
＇7＇ Cf。 Arrian； xxxi。 2； Oppian； 〃Cyn；〃 i。 443； ap。 Schneid。
＇8＇ The following is Xenophon's list：
｛Psukhe｝ = Soul ｛Thumos｝ = Spirit ｛Porpax｝ = Hasp of shield
｛Sturax｝ = Spike of spear at the butt end ｛Logkhe｝ = Lance ｛Lokhos｝ =
Ambush； or 〃Company〃 ｛Phroura｝ = Watch ｛Phulax｝ = Guard ｛Taxis｝ =
Order； Rank； Post； Brigade ｛Xiphon｝ = Swordsman ｛Phonax｝ =
Slaughterer； cf。 〃King Death〃 ｛Phlegon｝ = Blazer ｛'Alke｝ = Prowess；
Victory ｛Teukhon｝ = Craftsman ｛'Uleus｝ = Woodsman； 〃Dashwood〃
｛Medas｝ = Counsellor ｛Porthon｝ = Spoiler； 〃Rob Roy〃 ｛Sperkhon｝ =
Hastener； 〃Rocket〃 ｛'Orge｝ = Fury； Rage ｛Bremon｝ = Growler； Roarer
｛'Ubris｝ = Hybris； Riot； Insolence ｛Thallon｝ = Blooming； 〃Gaudy〃
｛'Rome｝ = Strength； 〃Romeo〃 ｛'Antheus｝ = Blossom ｛'Eba｝ = Youth
｛Getheus｝ = Gladsome ｛Khara｝ = Joy ｛Leusson｝ = Gazer ｛Augo｝ =
Daybeam ｛Polus｝ = Much ｛Bia｝ = Force ｛Stikhon｝ = Stepping in rank
and file ｛Spoude｝ = Much ado ｛Bruas｝ = Gusher ｛Oinas｝ = （1） Vine； （2）
Rockdove。 See Aristot。 〃H。 A。〃 v。 13； 14； i。 3； 10； Ael。 〃N。 A。〃 iv。
58。 = Columba livia = rockdove； the colour of ripening grapes； al。
｛oinas｝ = the vine。 ｛Sterros｝ = 〃Stiff；〃 〃King Sturdy〃 ｛Krauge｝
= Clamour。 Cf。 Plat。 〃Rep。〃 607 B。 ｛Kainon｝ = Killer ｛Turbas｝ = 〃Topsy…
turvy〃 ｛Sthenon｝ = Strong man ｛Aither｝ = Ether ｛'Aktis｝ = Ray of light
｛Aikhme｝ = Spear…point ｛Nors｝ = Clever （girl） ｛Gnome｝ = Maxim
｛Stibon｝ = Tracker ｛'Orme｝ = Dash。 So Arrian （〃Cyn。〃 viii。 5） named his
favourite hound。
For other names see Herodian； ｛peri mon。 l｝ （on monosyllables）；
12。 7； 〃Corp。 Inscr。〃 iv。 p。 184； n。 8319； Arrian； v。 6； xix。； Colum。 vii。
12； 13。 According to Pollux； v。 47； Xenophon had a dog named
｛ippokentauros｝ （cf。 〃Cyrop。〃 IV。 iii。 17）。
The young hounds may be taken out to the chase at the age of eight
months＇9＇ if bitches； or if males at the age of ten。 They should not be let
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loose on the trail of a hare sitting；＇10＇ but should be kept attached by long
leashes and allowed to follow on a line while scenting；＇11＇ with free scope
to run along the trail。＇12＇
＇9＇ Cf。 Pollux； v。 54； al。 Arrian； xxv。； xxvi。
＇10＇ Pollux； v。 12。
＇11＇ 〃The dogs that are trailing；〃 Blane。
＇12＇ See Stonehenge； 〃Entering of greyhound and deerhound； of
foxhounds and harriers；〃 pp。 284； 285。
As soon as a hare is found； provided the young hounds have the right
points＇13＇ for running； they should not be let loose straight off： the
huntsman should wait until the hare has got a good start and is out of sight；
then let the young hounds go。＇14＇ The
