the foundations of personality-第58节

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；　or　the　trim　sport　clothes；　or　the　walking　suit。　The　dress　of　men；　though　ugly；　is　useful；　convenient　and　modest；　and　there　is　no　doubt　that　a　generation　of　free　women；　determined　to　become　human　in　appearance；　could　evolve　a　modest　and　yet　decorative　costume。　All　of　the　present…day　extravagance　in　female　attire；　with　its　ever…changing　fashion；　is　a　medley　of　commercial　intrigues；　female　competition　and　sex　excitement。　Though　the　modesty　restrictions　are　absurd；　the　motive　that　obscurely　prompts　it　is　not；　and　the　transgressors　either　seek　notice　in　a　risky　way；　are　foolish；　to　speak　bluntly；　or　else　are　inviting　actual　sexual　advances。　Though　we　may　actually　restrict　the　sex　life　so　that　some　men　and　women　become　pure　in　the　accepted　sense；　it　will　always　be　true　that　men　and　women　will　be　vaguely　or　definitely　attracted　to　each　other。　Like　the　atmospheric　pressure　which　though　fifteen　pounds　to　the　square　inch　at　the　sea　level　is　not　felt；　so　there　exists　a　sex　pressure；　excited　by　men　and　women　in　each　other。　There　is　a　smoldering　excitement　always　ready　to　leap　into　flame　whenever　the　young　and　attractive　of　the　sexes　meet。　The　conventions　of　modesty　tend　to　restrict　the　excitement；　to　neutralize　the　sex　pressure；　but　they　may　be　swept　aside　by　immodesty　and　the　suggestive。　The　explanation　of　the　anger　and　condemnation　felt　by　the　moral　man　in　the　presence　of　the　〃brazen〃　woman　lies　in　the　threat　to　his　purposes　of　respectability　and　faithfulness；　he　is　angered　that　this　creature　can　arouse　a　conflict　in　him。　The　bitterness　of　the　〃saint〃　against　the　wanton　originates　in　the　ease　with　which　she　tempts　him；　and　his　natural　conclusion　is　that　the　fault　lies　with　her　and　not　with　his　own　passions。　The　respectable　woman　inveigles　against　her　more　untrammeled　sister；　not　so　much　through　her　concern　for　morality；　as　through　the　anger　felt　against　an　unscrupulous　competitor　who　is　breaking　the　rules。　In　so　far　as　women　are　concerned；　the　sex　pressure　on　them　is　increased　in　many　ways。　For　two　years　I　examined；　mentally；　the　girls　who　were　listed　as　sex　offenders　by　the　various　social　agencies　of　Boston。　As　a　result　of　that　experience；　plus　that　of　a　physician　and　citizen　of　the　world；　a　few　facts　of　importance　stand　out　in　my　mind。　1。　There　is　a　group　of　men　whom　one　may　call　sex　adventurers。　These　are　not　all　of　one　kind　in　education；　social　status　and　age；　but　they　seek　sex　experiences　wherever　they　go　and　are　always　alert　for　signs　that　indicate　a　chance　to　become　intimate。　They　take　advantage　of　the　widespread　tendency　to　flirt　and　haunt　the　places　where　the　young　girls　tend　to　parade　up　and　down　（certain　streets　in　every　large　city）；　the　public　dance　halls；　the　skating　resorts；　the　crowded　public　beaches；　etc。　They　regard　themselves　as　connoisseurs　in　women　and　think　they　know　when　a　girl　is　〃ripe〃；　they　are　ready　to　spend　money　and　utilize　flattery；　gifts　and　bold　wooing；　according　to　their　nature　and　the　way　they　size　up　their　prey。　2。　The　female　sex　adventurer　is　not　so　common；　except　in　the　higher　criminal　classes　where　the　effort　to　ensnare　rich　men　calls　forth　the　abilities　of　certain　women。　In　a　limited　way　the　prostitute；　professed　or　clandestine；　is　a　sex　adventurer；　but　ordinarily　she　is　merely　supplying　a　demand　and　has　only　to　exert　herself　physically；　rarely　needing　to　conquer　men's　inhibitions。　We　omit　here　the　schemes　of　conquest　of　girls　and　women　seeking　marriage　as　too　complex　for　any　one　but　a　novelist；　and　also　because　the　moral　code　regards　them　as　legitimate。　Women　who　are　ready　to　accept　sexual　advances　are　common　enough　in　the　uninhibited　girl；　the　dissatisfied　married　woman；　the　young　widow；　the　drug　habitue；　but　aside　from　the　woman　who　has　capitalized　her　sex；　the　sex　adventurer　is　largely　male。　What　attracts　him？　For　he　rarely　pesters　the　good　woman；　and　ordinarily　the　average　woman　is　not　solicited。　The　girl　usually　〃picked　up〃　dresses　immodestly　or　in　the　extreme　of　style；　even　though　she　is　essentially　shabby　and　poorly　clad。　To…day　business　sees　to　it　that　fripperies　are　within　the　reach　of　every　purse。　She　usually　corresponds　to　a　type　of　prettiness　favored　in　the　community；　often　what　is　nowadays　called　the　chicken　type。　Plump　legs　and　fairly　prominent　bosom　and　hips　are　symbols　of　those　desired　among　all　grades　of　men；　together　with　a　pretty　face。　The　homely　girl　finds　it　much　easier　to　walk　unmolested。　If　she　appears　intelligent　and　firm；　the　above　qualities　will　only　entitle　her　to　glances；　respectful　and　otherwise。　The　sex　adventurer　hates　to　be　rebuffed；　and　he　is　not　desperately　in　love；　so　that　he　will　not　risk　his　vanity。　If　she　appears　of　that　port　vivacious　type　just　above　the　moron　levelin　other　words　if　she　is　neither　bright　nor　really　feeble…mindedthen　sex　pressure　is　increased。　The　feeble…minded　girl　of　the　moron　type；　or　the　over…innocent　and　unenlightened　girl；　is　always　in　danger。　There　is　further　the　sexually　excited　or　the　uninhibited　girl。　We　must　differentiate　between　those　who　attempt　no　control；　and　those　whose　surge　of　desire　is　beyond　the　normal　limits。　The　uninhibited　of　both　sexes　are　a　large　group；　and　the　bulk　of　the　prostitutes　are　deficient　in　this　respect　rather　than　in　intelligence。　Sometimes　inhibition　arrives　late；　after　sexual　immorality　has　commenced。　In　men　this　is　common；　but　unfortunately　for　women；　society　stands　in　their　way　when　this　occurs　with　them。　〃Youth　must　have　its　fling〃　is　a　masculine　privilege　denied　to　feminine　offenders。　The　desire　for　a　good　time　plays　havoc　with　the　uninhibited　girl。　Unable　to　find　interest　in　her　work；　which　too　often　is　uninteresting；　desiring　good　clothes　and　excitement；　she　discovers　that　these　are　within　her　reach　if　she　follows　her　instincts。　What　starts　out　as　a　flirtation　ends　in　social　disaster；　and　a　girl　finds　out　that　some　men　who　give　good　times　expect　to　be　paid　for　them。　Since　our　study　is　not　a　pathological　treatise；　we　must　omit　further　consideration　of　the　offender　and　dismiss　without　more　comment　the　whole　range　of　the　perverter。　It　suffices　to　say　that　the　perverted　are　often　such　congenitally；　in　which　case　nothing　can　be　done　for　them；　and　others　are　the　results　of　certain　environments；　which　range　all　the　way　from　girls'　boarding…schools　to　the　palaces　of　kings。　In　ancient　times；　and　in　many　countries　to…day；　certain　perversions　were　so　common　as　to　defy　belief；　and　we　are　compelled　to　associate　with　some　of　the　greatest　names；　practices＇1＇　that　shock　us。　These　same　ancients　would　denounce　as　unnatural　in　as　hearty　terms　the　increasing　practices　of　child…limitation　among　us。　＇1＇　I　pass　over　as　out　of　the　range　of　this　book　the　question　raised　by　Freud；　whether　or　not　we　are　all　of　us　homosexual　as　well　as　heterosexual。

The　sex　desires　and　instincts　struggle　with；　overcome　or　harmonize　with　the　social　instincts。　It　would　be　impossible　to　portray　even　the　simplest　sex　life　from　the　mental　standpoint。　The　chastest　woman　who　is　unconscious　of　sex　desire　is　motivated　by　romance　and　the　sex　feelings　and　customs　of　others　in　her　ideas　of　happiness　and　right　behavior。　The　cynical　profligate；　indulging　every　sensual　urge；　in　so　far　as　he　can；　must　guide　himself　by　the　resistance　of　society；　by　the　necessity　of　camouflage；　the　fear　of　public　opinion　and　often　the　impediment　of　his　own　early　training。　Men　and　women　start　out　perhaps　as　romantic　idealists；　enter　marriage；　and　in　the　course　of　their　experiences　become　almost　frankly　sensual。　And　in　the　opposite　direction；　men　and　women　wildly　passionate　in　youth　develop　counter　tendencies　that　swing　them　into　restraint　and　serene　self…control。　There　are　those　to　whom　sex　is　mere　appetite；　to　be　indulged　and　put　out　of　the　way；　so　as　not　to　interfere　with　the　great　purposes　of　success；　there　are　those　to　whom　it　is　a　religion；　carried　on　with　ceremonials　and　rites；　there　are　those　to　whom　it　is　an　obsession；　and　their　minds　are　in　a　sexual　stew　at　all　times。　There　are　the　under…inhibited；　spoken　of　above；　and　there　are　the　over…inhibited；　Puritanical；　rebelling　at　the　flesh　as　such；　disguising　all　their　emotions；　reluctant　to　admit　their　humanness　and　the　validity　of　pleasure。

The　romantic　ideal；　glorifying　a　sort　of　asexual　love　of　perfect　men　and　women；　asceticism　which　permits　sex　only　as　a　sort　of　necessary　evil　and　sensuality　which　proclaims　the　pleasure　of　sex　as　the　only　joy　and　scoffs　at　inhibition　influence　the　lives　of　us　all。　The　effect　of　the　forbidden；　the　tantalizing　curiosity　aroused　and　the　longing　to　rise　above　the　level　of　lust　make　the　sex　adjustment　the　most　difficult　of　all　and　produce　the　queerest　results。　Sex　is　a　road　to　power　and　to　failure；　a　road　to　health　and　sickness。　As　in　all　adjustments；　there　are　some　who　are　conscious　of　but　few　difficulties；　who　are　moral　or　immoral　without　struggle　or　discontent。　Contrasted　with　these　are　the　ones　who　find　morality　a　great　burden；　and　those　who；　yielding　to　desire；　find　continuous　inner　conflict　and　dissatisfaction　and　lowered　self…valuation　as　a　result。　Our　society　is　organized　on　chastity　and　continence　prior　to　marriage；　purity　and　constancy　after　marriage。　That　noble　ideal　has　never　been　realized；　the　stories　of　Pagan　times；　of　the　Middle　Ages　and　of　the　present　day；　as　well　as　everyday　human