the life of william carey-第80节
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rupees each is allowed； and I believe all the brethren are on that； or a lower allowance； Brother Yates excepted； who chooses for himself。 I cannot therefore make an application for more with any face。 Indeed we have no power to add or diminish salaries； though the Society would agree to our doing so if we showed good reasons for it。 I believe the allowances of the missionaries from the London Society are about the same； or rather lessviz。 ？00 sterling； or 132 rupees a month； besides extra expenses； so that your income； taking it at 140 rupees a month； is quite equal to that of any other missionary。 I may also mention that neither Eustace nor Lawson can do without a buggy； which is not a small expense。
〃I suppose the two articles you have mentioned of table expenses and servants include a number of other things； otherwise I cannot imagine how you can go to that expense。 When I was at Mudnabati my income was 200 per month； and during the time I stayed there I had saved near 2000 rupees。 My table expenses scarcely ever amounted to 50 rupees； and though I kept a moonshi at 20 rupees and four gardeners； yet my servants' wages did not exceed 60 rupees monthly。 I kept a horse and a farmyard； and yet my expenses bore no proportion to yours。 I merely mention this without any reflection on you； or even a wish to do it； but I sincerely think your expenses upon these two articles are very greater。I am your affectionate father； W。 CAREY。〃
In 1825 Carey completed his great Dictionary of Bengali and English in three quarto volumes； abridged two years afterwards。 No language； not even in Europe； could show a work of such industry； erudition； and philological completeness at that time。 Professor H。 H。 Wilson declared that it must ever be regarded as a standard authority； especially because of its etymological references to the Sanskrit； which supplies more than three…fourths of the words； its full and correct vocabulary of local terms； with which the author's 〃long domestication amongst the natives〃 made him familiar； and his unique knowledge of all natural history terms。 The first copy which issued from the press he sent to Dr。 Ryland； who had passed away at seventy…two； a month before the following letter was written：
〃June 7th； 1825。On the 17th of August next I shall be sixty…four years of age； and though I feel the enervating influence of the climate； and have lost something of my bodily activity； I labour as closely； and perhaps more so than I have ever done before。 My Bengali Dictionary is finished at press。 I intend to send you a copy of it by first opportunity； which I request you to accept as a token of my unshaken friendship to you。 I am now obliged； in my own defence； to abridge it； and to do it as quickly as possible； to prevent another person from forestalling me and running away with the profits。
〃On Lord's day I preached a funeral sermon at Calcutta for one of our deacons； who died very happily； administered the Lords' Supper； and preached again in the evening。 It was a dreadfully hot day； and I was much exhausted。 Yesterday the rain set in； and the air is somewhat cooled。 It is still uncertain whether Brothers Judson and Price are living。 There was a report in the newspaper that they were on their way to meet Sir Archibald Campbell with proposals of peace from the Burman king； but no foundation for the report can be traced out。 Living or dead they are secure。〃
On hearing of the death of Dr。 Ryland； he wrote：〃There are now in England very few ministers with whom I was acquainted。 Fuller； Sutcliff； Pearce； Fawcett； and Ryland； besides many others whom I knew； are gone to glory。 My family connections also； those excepted who were children when I left England； or have since that time been born； are all gone； two sisters only excepted。 Wherever I look in England I see a vast blank； and were I ever to revisit that dear country I should have an entirely new set of friendships to form。 I； however； never intended to return to England when I left it； and unless something very unexpected were to take place I certainly shall not do it。 I am fully convinced I should meet with many who would show me the utmost kindness in their power； but my heart is wedded to India； and though I am of little use I feel a pleasure in doing the little I can； and a very high interest in the spiritual good of this vast country； by whose instrumentality soever it is promoted。〃
By 1829 the divinity faculty of the College had become so valuable a nursery of Eurasian and Native missionaries； and the importance of attracting more of the new generation of educated Hindoos within its influence had become so apparent that Oriental gave place to English literature in the curriculum。 Mr。 Rowe； as English tutor； took his place in the staff beside Dr。 Carey； Dr。 Marshman； Mr。 Mack； and Mr。 John Marshman。 Hundreds of native youths flocked to the classes。 Such was the faith； such the zeal of Carey； that he continued to add new missions to the ten of which the College was the life…giving centre； so that when he was taken away he left eighteen； under eleven European； thirteen Eurasian； seventeen Bengali； two Hindostani； one Telugoo； and six Arakanese missionaries。 When Mr。 David Scott； formerly a student of his own in Fort William College； and in 1828 Commissioner of Assam （then recently annexed to the empire）； asked for a missionary； Carey's importunity prevailed with his colleagues only when he bound himself to pay half the cost by stinting his personal expenditure。 Similarly it was the generous action of Mr。 Garrett； when judge of Barisal； that led him to send the best of his Serampore students to found that afterwards famous mission。
Having translated the Gospels into the language of the Khasias in the Assam hills； he determined in 1832 to open a new mission at the village of Cherra； which the Serampore Brotherhood were the first to use as a sanitarium in the hot season。 For this he gave up ？0 of his Government pension and Mr。 Garrett gave a similar sum。 He sent another of his students； Mr。 Lisk； to found the mission； which prospered until it was transferred to the Welsh Calvinists； who have made it the centre of extensive and successful operations。 Thus the influence of his middle age and old age in the Colleges of Fort William and of Serampore combined to make the missionary patriarch the father of two bandsthat of the Society and that of the Brotherhood。
Dr。 Carey's last report； at the close of 1832； was a defence of what has since been called； and outside of India and of Scotland has too often been misunderstood as； educational missions or Christian Colleges。 To a purely divinity college for Asiatic Christians he preferred a divinity faculty as part of an Arts and Science College；29 in which the converts study side by side with their inquiring countrymen； the inquirers are influenced by them as well as by the Christian teaching and secular teaching in a Christian spirit； and the Bible consecrates the whole。 The United Free Church of Scotland has； alike in India； China and Africa； proved the wisdom； the breadth； and the spiritual advantage of Carey's policy。 When the Society opposed him； scholars like Mack from Edinburgh and Leechman from Glasgow rejoiced to work out his Paul…like conception。 When not only he； but Dr。 Marshman； had passed away Mack bravely held aloft the banner they bequeathed； till his death in 1846。 Then John Marshman； who in 1835 had begun the Friend of India as a weekly paper to aid the College； transferred the mission to the Society under the learned W。 H。 Denham。 When in 1854 a new generation of the English Baptists accepted the College also as their own； it received a Principal worthy to succeed the giants of those days； the Rev。 John Trafford； M。A。； a student of Foster's and of Glasgow University。 For twenty…six years he carried out the principles of Carey。 On his retirement the College as such was suspended in the year 1883； and in the same building a purely native Christian Training Institution took its place。 There； however； the many visitors from Christendom still found the library and museum； the Bibles； grammars； and dictionaries； the natural history collections； and the Oriental MSS。； the Danish Charter； the historic portraits； and the British Treaty； as well as the native Christian classesall of which re…echo William Carey's appeal to posterity。
CHAPTER XV
CAREY'S CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY FOR THE PEOPLE OF INDIA
The Danish charterThe British treatyGrowth of native Christian communityLord Minto's concession of self…governing privilegesMadras Decennial Conference and Serampore degreesProposed reorganisation of College so as to teach and examine for B。D。 and other degreesAppeal for endowments of Carey's Christian University
Attention has already been directed to the far…seeing plans which Carey laid down for Serampore College。 It is a pleasure to record that while this volume is in the press （1909）； a scheme is being promoted by the College Council for the reorganisation of the College on the lines of Carey's ideal； with a view to making it a centre of higher ministerial training for all branches of the Indian Church。
It will be remembered that in 1827 the College received
